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Topic: Gamma-ray astronomy

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gamma-ray astronomy on Encyclopedia.com X rays and some gamma rays are produced throughout the universe by the same catastrophic astrophysical events, such as supernovas and black holes, and gamma-ray astronomy can be considered an extension of X-ray astronomy to the extreme shortwave end of the spectrum. Gamma rays from outside the Milky Way have been found emanating from radio galaxies (galaxies whose radio emissions constitute an extraordinarily large amount of their total energy output), Seyfert galaxies (galaxies with extremely bright cores—called Active Galactic Nuclei [AGN]—that are strong emitters of radio waves, X rays, and gamma rays), and supernovas. Gamma rays are difficult to observe from ground-based telescopes due to atmospheric interference, and high-altitude balloons, sounding rockets, and orbiting observatories are therefore used. www.encyclopedia.com /html/g1/gammaray.asp   (1039 words)

Gamma-ray astronomy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Gamma-ray astronomy is the astronomical study of the cosmos with gamma rays. So gamma-ray astronomy could not develop until it was possible to get our detectors above all or most of the atmosphere, using balloons or spacecraft. Long before experiments could detect gamma rays emitted by cosmic sources, scientists had known that the universe should be producing these photons. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gamma-ray_astronomy   (811 words)

UCR News: Solar power farm begins gamma ray astronomy Gamma rays are of great interest to astrophysicists because they offer clues to some of the mysteries in the universe, such as the birth of a galaxy, the possibility of supersymmetric dark matter, violent gamma ray bursters, and the supernova of a dying star. Gamma rays are at the extreme high end of the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes ordinary visible light, radio waves and X-rays. Second, because the gamma rays are so energetic, these particles in the air showers move faster than the speed of light in the atmosphere. www.newsroom.ucr.edu /cgi-bin/display.cgi?id=37   (881 words)

gamma-ray astronomy through multiwavelength experiment Recently the telescope was optimized and a gamma ray signal at a high statistical significance of 11 s was detected from the Crab Nebula in 103 hr of on-source observations during Dec-Feb (2003-04). Gamma ray telescope array TACTIC set up by the division at Mt. Abu, Rajasthan has been deployed for the observation of various putative TeV gamma ray sources since the year 2000. The TACTIC telescope array comprises a 349-pixel imaging telescope located at the center of an equilateral triangle of 20m side and 3 vertex elements positioned at the corners of the triangle. www.barc.ernet.in /pg/nrl-harl/tactic.html   (221 words)

AST 443: X-ray and Gamma Ray Astronony Gamma ray burst identifications required a synergy between gamma rays (where the bursts are very bright) and X-rays (where the source can be localized). Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are the most energetic phenomena in the universe. Gamma rays absorbed in the NaI scintillate; photons detected by PMTs. www.ess.sunysb.edu /fwalter/AST443/xrga.html   (1600 words)

gamma-ray astronomy Gamma rays are difficult to detect and are generally studied by use of balloon-borne detectors and artificial satellites. Study of celestial objects that emit gamma rays (energetic photons with very short wavelengths). Much of the radiation detected comes from collisions between hydrogen gas and cosmic rays in our Galaxy. www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0024810.html   (194 words)

Gamma-Ray Astronomy As astronomers obtained the first precise measurements of gamma radiation from the centre of our galaxy, the Milky Way, they were surprised to find a high density of gamma-ray sources. Even though cosmic rays have nothing to do with the electromagnetic radiation, they are difficult to distinguish from gamma-rays in detectors. The high energy detectors used for gamma-rays, unfortunately, do not only detect gamma-rays but also massive particles called cosmic rays. isdc.unige.ch /Outreach/Science/science.html   (2455 words)

Gamma Ray Astronomy The gamma ray initiated showers give rise to a Cerenkov light pool with a smooth, (almost constant) variation in the photon density where as cosmic ray initiated showers have large fluctuations in the photon density mainly due to the hadronic interactions in the atmosphere. The gamma ray sky makes an interesting sight with a gallery of objects shining brightly in that part of the electromagnetic spectrum which is usually associated with high energy Physics. Cerenkov light generated by a VHE gamma ray or a charged cosmic ray is incident on the ground in the form of a light pool extending over a radius of about 120 meters and lasting for about 5-10 ns. www.tifr.res.in /~pnbhat/vhe.html   (994 words)

NUI, Galway, Department of Physics The Gamma-Ray Astronomy Group is part of the VERITAS Gamma-Ray Collaboration (formerly the Whipple Gamma-Ray Collaboration) based at the Smithsonian Institution's Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory near Tucson, Arizona. A cosmic ray interacting with a gas nucleus high in the atmosphere initiates a "shower" of charged particles and lower energy gamma rays down through the atmosphere. Gamma rays with these and higher energies are produced by a range of astrophysical objects. www.nuigalway.ie /faculties_departments/physics/rg_gamma   (1023 words)

UNH Hosts National Symposium on Gamma Ray Astronomy Gamma rays occupy the highest energy range in the electromagnetic spectrum, well beyond visible light, ultraviolet and X-rays. Although telescopes now detect one or two bursts a day, the intense gamma ray radiation is difficult to observe because it appears without warning from any direction and lasts for such a short period of time. Other meeting highlights include the revelation that the gamma rays emanating from the galactic center may actually originate from an exploding star that ventured too close to a supermassive black hole. www.unh.edu /news/archive/1999/august/cd_19990816gammaray.html   (506 words)

Eric Kolaczyk: Gamma-Ray Astronomy. Measurements in gamma-ray astronomy typically are taken by satellite instruments, and come in the form of photon arrival times, directions, and energies. Gamma rays are the highest-energy form of radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum. Gamma ray photons (i.e., "pieces" of light) have energies ranging from roughly 50 keV to 1+ TeV. math.bu.edu /people/kolaczyk/grastro.html   (151 words)

Gamma-Ray Astronomy and Pulsars -ray astronomy is at the starting point and it is believed that it will open a door to new fields, probably full of new physics. astronomy by satellites and ground-based telescopes are end-of-20th century newcomers. astronomy has experimented a big development thanks to the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). www.gae.ucm.es /~marcos/tesina/html/node3.html   (492 words)

Active Skim View of: VI. Gamma-Ray Astronomy resources for gamma-ray astronomy consist of a number of balloonborne instruments and several small gamma-ray burst detectors carried on the Vela satellites SB, 6A, and 6B, on the ISEE-3 satellite, and on the Pioneer Venus Orbiter. Measurements of the diffuse component of Galactic gamma rays provided information on the distribution of cosmic rays in the Galaxy and demonstrated the feasibility of obtaining a high-contrast picture of this important aspect of Galactic structure from future observations that will be made with improved sensitivity and angular resolution. The spectrum of the diffuse component of extragalactic gamma rays was measured over the energy range from one to several hundred MeV by instruments on Apollo 15, Apollo 17, and SAS-2. www.nap.edu /nap-cgi/skimit.cgi?isbn=0309033349&chap=43-54   (889 words)

Gamma Ray Astronomy With Muons (ResearchIndex) For sources with hard gamma ray spectra there is a relative `enhancement' of muons from gamma ray primaries as compared to that from nucleon primaries. All shower gamma rays above the photoproduction threshold contribute to the number of muons N, which is thus proportional to the primary gamma ray energy. Abstract: Although gamma ray showers are muon-poor, they still produce a number of muons sufficient to make the sources observed by GeV and TeV telescopes observable also in muons. citeseer.ist.psu.edu /264412.html   (284 words)

SSL Gamma-Ray Astronomy HESSI's gamma -ray imaging spectroscopy will provide the first imaging of energetic protons, heavy ions, relativistic electrons, neutrons, and positrons; the first information on the angular distribution of accelerated ions; and detailed information on elemental abundances for both the ambient plasma and the accelerated ions. The hard X-ray/gamma-ray continuum and gamma-ray lines are the most direct signatures of energetic electrons and ions, respectively, at the Sun. ACT is a mission in the Cycles of Matter and Energy section of NASA's January 2003 Roadmap for the Structure and Evolution of the Universe theme. www.cea.berkeley.edu /~boggs/projects.html   (392 words)

Astronomers find a new class of celestial gamma-ray sources Gamma rays, although invisible to the human eye, are in fact the most powerful form of light, far more energetic than visible light, ultraviolet radiation and X-rays. The gamma rays emitted by these mystery objects are a hundred million times more powerful than visible light. A black hole with jets of particles shooting away from it and toward us might be visible as gamma rays. science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2000/ast23mar_1.htm   (815 words)

Gamma Ray Blasts / Astronomy With Tru In contrast, in the collapsar model of gamma ray bursts iron and nickel from the center is ejected along the jet. The supernova remnant, W49B, may also be the first remnant of a gamma-ray burst discovered in the Milky Way.W49B is a barrel-shaped nebula located about 35,000 light years from Earth. This distinguishes the explosion from a conventional type II supernova in which most of the Fe and Ni goes into making the neutron star, and the outer part of the star is what is flung out. www.geocities.com /astronomy_with_tru20044333/gamma.html   (690 words)

PSIgate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway: Search/Browse Results The topics covered are the history of gamma ray astronomy, gamma ray observing platforms, targets of gamma ray observations, and also the tools used by astronomers. It contains an extended introduction to gamma ray astronomy, covering the electromagnetic spectrum, the challenges of gamma ray astronomy and the sky as seen by the INTEGRAL mission (interacting binaries, active galactic nuclei (AGNs), nuclear spectral lines, supernovae, gamma ray bursts). The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO) is a sophisticated satellite observatory, launched in 1991 and re-entering the Earth's atmosphere in 2000, which was dedicated to observing the high-energy Universe. www.psigate.ac.uk /roads/cgi-bin/psibrowse.pl?limit=0&toplevel=astronomy&subject=522.6862&name=Gamma_ray_astronomy   (1069 words)

Gamma-ray astronomy Many of the science applications of Gamma-ray astronomy overlap with those of radio astronomy, mostly because nonthermal radio continuum radiation is produced by electrons created in the same processes as the massive particles showing up as Gamma-ray emission. Gamma-ray astronomy is, because of the nature of the radiation, technically the most difficult waveband. We observe not only high-energy photons in this band, but also massive particles, such as atomic nuclei (the fact that massive particles are considered a kind of radiation is a bit unusual in itself). www.atnf.csiro.au /people/mdahlem/pop/multi/gamma.html   (232 words)

Gamma Ray Astronomy With Underground Detectors (ResearchIndex) 43.0%: Gamma Ray Astronomy With Muons - Francis Halzen Todor (1996) Although gamma ray showers are muon-poor, they produce a sufficient number of muons to detect the sources observed by GeV and TeV telescopes. They can also observe down-going muons made by gamma rays in the Earth's atmosphere. citeseer.ist.psu.edu /62090.html   (287 words)

HEASARC: Observatories The links to the left are dedicated to the most notable past and present X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy missions. These missions, combined with Astro-E2, which is to be launched in 2005, have opened new and exciting horizons in the journey of the X-ray astronomy exploration. The late 1990's launch of the Chandra and XMM-Newton observatories brought high-resolution imaging and high-throughput capability to X-ray astronomy. heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov /docs/heasarc/missions.html   (485 words)

Astronomy News & Links / Gamma Ray Bursts Gamma Ray Astronomy and Astrophysics (4th Compton Symposium). [Cosmology] [Gamma Ray Bursts] [Gravitational Lenses] [X-Ray Astronomy] [Solar System] [Extrasolar Planets] Astronomy News and Links / Gamma Ray Bursts astrophys.org /grb.html   (590 words)

Steve's Gamma Ray Burst Astronomy Site The intent of the site is to share my interest in Astronomy, describe my imaging procedures, and share a perspective on cataclysmic variable and blazar observing. www.highenergyastro.homestead.com   (26 words)

High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy (HEGRA) The High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy (HEGRA) experiment was located on La Palma (Canary Islands) at a height of 2200 m a.s.l. The energy threshold of the scintillator array was between 40 and 100 TeV, depending on the kind of primary cosmic ray particle. There were two more types of detectors at the HEGRA site: the CRT (Cosmic Ray Tracking) detectors and the CLUE (Cherenkov Light Ultraviolet Experiment). www.mpi-hd.mpg.de /hfm/HEGRA/HEGRA.html   (424 words)

Astronomy It is a new major ground base gamma ray observaotry with an array of seven 10m - 12m optical reflectors for gamma ray astronomy in the 50GeV - 50TeV range. The Whipple collaboration, which pioneered the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Technique for the detection of very high energy gamma rays, is based at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory in Southern Arizona, in the United States. The primary purpose of the collaboration's research effort is the search for and study of celestial sources of gamma rays in the energy range of 250GeV - 20TeV cherenkov.physics.iastate.edu   (161 words)

Science: GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY: Sky Survey Finds Mysterious Strangers@ HighBeam Research Amid the diffuse bath of gamma rays coming from the galaxy, about 200 point sources--tiny gamma ray beacons--twinkle within the haze. Amid the diffuse bath of gamma rays coming from the galaxy, about 200 point sources--tiny gamma ray... Now they have discovered that these point sources come in two different varieties, one of which turned out to be surprisingly dim. highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:29864041&...   (169 words)

Experimental techniques of Gamma-Ray Astronomy -ray astronomy at VHE and UHE energies is necessary to use detectors placed on Earth with areas much larger than current satellites areas. -ray astronomy is that at high-energies the flux of cosmic rays is much larger than the -ray Astronomy are governed by three important facts. www.gae.ucm.es /~marcos/tesina/html/node4.html   (273 words)

Gamma Ray Astronomy-Uses and practicalities of X-rays and Gamma rays in the field of Astronomy Gamma Ray Astronomy-Uses and practicalities of X-rays and Gamma rays in the field of Astronomy Uses and practicalities of X-rays and Gamma rays in the field of Astronomy The entirety of the text was written on X-ray astronomy by Maggie Masetti of NASA, for a learning center for the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer satellite. home.cvc.org /physics/gamma.htm   (341 words)

CGRO Science Support Center The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory was the second of NASA's Great Observatories. In order of increasing spectral energy coverage, these instruments were the Burst And Transient Source Experiment (BATSE), the Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE), the Imaging Compton Telescope (COMPTEL), and the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET). Compton, at 17 tons, was the heaviest astrophysical payload ever flown at the time of its launch on April 5, 1991 aboard the space shuttle Atlantis. cossc.gsfc.nasa.gov   (206 words)

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