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Topic: Gamtoos River

	STUDIES ON THE RIVER-ESTUARY INTERFACE REGION OF SELECTED EASTERN CAPE ESTUARIES
		Predictions of changes in the physical conditions in the Gamtoos Estuary under different river flow conditions and especially of the effects on salinity distributions in the estuary using the Mike-11 modelling system were undertaken.
		A primary objective of this particular study was to assess the effects of Gamtoos River flow on the community structure and biomass of estuarine microalgae.
		River flow rate and the size of the REI were shown to have a major effect on the distribution and community structure of aquatic invertebrates.
	www.fwr.org /wrcsa/756103.htm (2866 words)

	Hankey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The second irrigation scheme on the Gamtoos River, a National Monument in Hankey today, was carried out by William Enowy Philip, the son of the Superintendent of the LMS, Dr John Philip.
		A tragedy: The builder of the tunnel, William Enowy Philip, drowned on 1 June 1845 in the Gamtoos River where the present low water bridge to Milton stands and not as is usually believed, on the opening day of the tunnel.
		Gamtoos River was the border for Swellendam district in 1770.
	www.baviaans.net /hankey.htm (795 words)

	Gamtoos River budgets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The physical characteristics of the Gamtoos River estuary are summarized in Table 4.5.
		DIP budget for the Gamtoos River estuary in the dry (a) and wet (b) seasons.
		Figure 4 DIN budget for the Gamtoos River estuary in the dry (a) and wet (b) seasons.
	data.ecology.su.se /mnode/Africa/S_Africa/Gamtoos/gamtoos_river_budgets.htm (590 words)

	History of Cape Colony - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Those who chose the latter encountered the hostility of their old foes, the Bushmen, who inhabited the plains from the Nieuwveld and Sneeuwberg mountains to the Orange River.
		The authorities declared the Gamtoos River as the eastern frontier of the colony, but the trekkers soon crossed it.
		In 1795 the heavily taxed boers of the frontier districts, who received no protection against the Kaffirs, expelled the officials of the Dutch East India Company, and established independent governments at Swellendam and at Graaff Reinet.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Cape_Colony (1299 words)

	Saartje Baartman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Saartjie Baartman was born to a Khoisan family in the vicinity of the Gamtoos River in what is now the Eastern Cape of South Africa.
		This is the Afrikaans form of her name; her original name is unknown.
		Baartman's remains were returned to her land of birth, the Gamtoos Valley on 3 May 2002.
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Saartje_Baartman (526 words)

	Pseudobarbus asper
		In the Karoo sections of both the Gamtoos and Gourits Rivers this minnow has to be adapted to a riverine system with very erratic flows, prolonged droughts, devastating floods and high silt loads.
		Therefore traits such as early maturation in the first year of life, high reproductive effort, more than one clutch per year, quick growth and short inter-brood interval in phase with the optimal times of the year, would be advantageous for a small, short-lived species.
		Pseudobarbus asper has been able to adapt and survive in the highly variable Karoo streams of two river systems due to its ability to become an altricial form distinct from the more precocial form of P.afer which has life-history attributes which are adapted to the relatively stable, clear mountain streams.
	www.utexas.edu /tmm/sponsored_sites/dfc/africa/pasper__.html (1223 words)

	[No title]
		Situated midway between the Gamtoos and Kromme Rivers, Jeffreys Bay is renowned as "the home of the perfect wave", with an annual surfing competition drawing topclass surfers from farflung corners of the globe.
		Maitland's River Mouth, half an hour's drive from the Port Elizabeth city centre, is located at the foot of the famous Maitland dune "mountain".
		The Gamtoos River Valley, with its fertile orange orchards, is reached through the charming countryside towns of Hankey and Patensie.
	www.mandelametro.gov.za /default.aspx?page=30207 (501 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Albany thickets (AT1201)
		The ecoregion occurs along the Fish, Sundays, and Gamtoos river valleys in the eastern Cape and moves west along the intermontane valleys of the inland Fold Mountains (Kouga, Baviaanskloof and Swartberg).
		The east-trending axes of the Cape Fold Belt sink beneath the sediments of the Karoo Supergroup in the eastern Cape (Du Toit 1966).
		The thickets of the Fish, Sundays, and Gamtoos river valleys are sparse, succulent and spinescent.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/at/at1201_full.html (3157 words)

	For beach house rental and beach accommodation we have beach house for rent and beach house for sale
		With its sheltered waters in the river and the bay it's a paradise for water-sport enthusiasts.
		This is a wonderful way to explore the Kromme River, which is navigable for 10 kms, or simply to admire the canals and canal homes.
		River, rock and surf fishing is plentiful, and a great day will be had by any fisherman.
	www.stfrancisbayproperty.com /active.htm (1264 words)

	Gamtoos River Valley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Gamtoos River Valley is a green, fertile valley where oranges, tobacco, fruit and vegetables are farmed.
		Hankey is the Gamtoos River Valleys oldest and chief town and has a 9-hole golf course, while Patensie is a small farming town with a citrus and tobacco co-operative.
		To tour the Gamtoos River Valley properly and experience all the beauty it has to offer as well as it's rich culture and diverse flora and fauna, we recommend a customised overnight tour to the valley.
	www.flexi-tours.co.za /pages/tours/day_tours/gamtoos_rv.html (366 words)

	St Francis Tourism - St Francis Bay - Garden Route - South Africa - ZA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Head towards the Gamtoos Valley, which is well known for its citrus, tobacco and vegetables.
		A free-flowing river renowned for giant Kabeljou that are caught there.
		Adjacent to the Gamtoos Valley, this route is well known as the Apple Basket of the Garden Route.
	www.stfrancistourism.co.za /your_visit_day_trips.html (320 words)

	JJPBezuidenhout&Patensie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		the Gamtoos River Valley - because the claimant sells his produce in the valley and the respondent, whose packing and other facilities are located in the valley, purchases produce from local suppliers.
		The geographic market must be determined with reference to the choices that farmers in the Gamtoos River Valley have in respect of the packing and distribution of their fruit.
		The relevant market would be the Gamtoos River Valley only if a hypothetical monopsonist packing facility located in the valley could exert a significant degree of market power over citrus farmers in the valley.
	www.comptrib.co.za /decidedcases/html/66IRMAY00M.HTM (5860 words)

	DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS FOR ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF IRRIGATION WATER ...
		The research was conducted in the Gamtoos river catchment.
		The Gamtoos River was formed by the confluence of the Kouga and Groot Rivers.
		Spatial variability in the Gamtoos catchment was taken into account by delineating 22 sub-catchments and 129 hydrological response units of which 53 were used for irrigation purposes.
	www.fwr.org /wrcsa/1043104.htm (2720 words)

	Avian Demography Unit: CWAC Nwsletter 17 -- Dec-2000
		The Olifants River site is another welcome addition to the CWAC database, especially since CWAC has little data for riverine species.
		Rivers are under-counted at present and although rivers may be one of the more difficult types of sites to count, they do provide a challenge and a new facet to CWACing.
		Compiler for the Olifants River, John Burchmore, is conducting monthly counts at this site and we applaud John and his team for their effort and commitment.
	web.uct.ac.za /depts/stats/adu/cwac_newsletter_17.htm (2161 words)

	SA Hunters and Game Conservation Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Although hippo’s had been fairly plentiful in the Eastern Cape as far south as the Gamtoos River, by the year 1900 none existed south of the Natal border.
		As all early travellers invariably camped near rivers or “vleie”, it was inevitable that a heavy toll would be taken on the hippopotamus who by necessity and habit was confined to riverine areas.
		In contrast, tiger-fishing trips in 1960 to the area at the influence of the Sabie and Komati Rivers in Moçambique near Moamba, revealed that there were no hippo’s left in that stretch of river.
	www.sahunt.co.za /sahunter/frontpage/hippo.htm (1216 words)

	Birds, birding & conservation in South Africa
		Another adult was at Umgeni River mouth, near Durban, KwaZulu-Natal on 7 November and yet another in breeding plumage was photographed at Summerstrand beach, Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape on 20 November.
		Terek Sandpipers Xenus cinereus were present at Gamtoos River mouth, Eastern Cape, on 22 December (one) and 1 January (c 40), De Mond Nature Reserve, Western Cape, on 3 February (one), and West Coast National Park, Western Cape on 7 February (one) and 17 June (16).
		River Warblers Locustella fluviatilis were recorded at Vaalkop Dam Nature Reserve, North-West Province on 23 March (two), Polokwane Nature Reserve, Limpopo on 1 April (one) and Zaagkuilsdrift road, north of Pretoria, Gauteng on 3 April (one).
	www.africanbirdclub.org /countries/SouthAfrica/news.html (2172 words)

	Armoria civica - Port Elizabeth DC
		In 1906 a small area along the Uitenhage road was added, south of the Swartkops River, and in 1930 the division was extended to the Sundays and Gamtoos rivers, so that the Port Elizabeth Division now bordered on the divisions of Humansdorp (in the west) and Alexandria (in the north).
		The arms could have been devised at any time between 1930, when the Gamtoos River bridge became the responsibility of this council, and 1956, when the Port Elizabeth Divisional Council marked its centenary by publishing a book illustrating the arms.
		Ironically, the bridge was built by the divisional councils of Uitenhage and Humansdorp, because in 1895 when it was erected the Gamtoos River was nowhere near the Port Elizabeth Division.
	www.geocities.com /muurkroon/DCs/PEDC.html (818 words)

	Fly-fishing, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
		d-fly 4 • River and Surf Combo — spend half the day on the Swartkops River and the other half on the flats at Cape Reciefe, for a complete local saltwater perspective, structured according to the tides.
		Accommodation is in a farm style lodge with the costs varying according to the size of the group, minimum of 4, POA.
		From the spectacular mountains to the pristine estuaries of the Wild Coast, accommodation consists of lodges, BandB's and a Hotel (optional).
	www.dw-adventures.co.za /guided_flyfishing.htm (941 words)

	SAfrica
		Most rivers could be construed a day-tripper's delight and we usually spend about two leisurely days to cruise the full length of the Kowie River.
		Most of these rivers are at their best where they enter the sea, usually in the form of an estuary or wetland with all the attendant bird life that these habitats encourage.
		We are lucky in that the Kowie and other rivers nearby fall into recognised nature reserve areas so keeping development out and leaving the banks wild and full of bird and other animal life such as monkeys, small buck, etc.
	www.thewaterweb.net /Worldwide/SAfrica.htm (2659 words)

	River Kayaking Trips, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
		No previous experience is necessary as your guide/s will be on hand to assist you at all times with the safe kayaks.
		Navigating through the Sundays River Valley we will observe the abundant bird life and discuss the fascinating creatures that make up this estuarine eco-system.
		Heading up river on this pristine estuary that winds its way through the fertile Gamtoos Valley, we once again appreciate the abundant bird life and indigenous flora so characteristic of all the estuary's in the area.
	www.dw-adventures.co.za /Kayaking/river_kayaking.htm (551 words)

	Sunday Times - travel - 04 Jun 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The distance from Willowmore in the Karoo to Patensie at the head of the Gamtoos River Valley in the more verdant Eastern Cape is just 170km.
		You follow the course of the Baviaans River, which runs its rocky and sandy bed back and forth under and across the road - most of the fords are concreted but deeper in the valley they are not.
		The landscape changes constantly from the pelargonium and spekboomrich upper reaches to the cold and damp forested valleys where dew clings to ferns all day as the winter sun hides behind cliffs.
	www.sundaytimes.co.za /2000/06/04/lifestyle/travel/travel05.htm (650 words)

	:: 1820 Settlers - Damant's Party ::
		Although on the face of it this was a proprietary party, the status of one of its members, Philip Frost, is not clear; he probably joined the party as an independent settler as he purchased a farm on the Gamtoos in his own right in 1822.
		The party was recruited in Norfolk, Tee hailing from Sedgeford, Gibbon from West Barsham, Lake from Colkirk and Sterley from Billingford, all in the neighbourhood of Fakenham.
		The location assigned to Damant was on the site of the old Waaiplaats barracks at the source of the Kaffir Kraal River, but he refused the land and removed his people to his brothers' property on the Gamtoos River.
	www.genealogyworld.net /nash/damant.html (613 words)

	Eastern approach to Baviaanskloof. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The eastern approach to the Baviaanskloof is from the Port Elizabeth side through the Gamtoos River Valley passing through the hamlets of Hankey and Patensie on the way.
		Once you leave the tar and the gravel road starts, Komdomo is the first camping area at the beginning of the wilderness reserve.
		The confluence of the Kouga and Baviaanskloof Rivers lies 4 km west of Rooihoek and then Doornkraal, a charming old renovated farmhouse, welcomes hikers and trailists alike.
	www.dsa.co.za /dsa/ecapr03/eastern.html (597 words)

	RE/MAX Surf (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Jeffreys is also the hub of the `white gold', or calamari, industry of the Eastern Cape, and is thus in the fortunate position of being able to supply visitors with this delicacy in abundance.
		A picturesque spot on the lagoon at the confluence of the Seekoei and Swart Rivers, the breeding ground of one of the country's largest swan colonies.
		Inland, alongside the Van Staden's River, is a magnificent home of local floral and bird life.
	www.jeffreysbayinvestments.co.za /remaxsurf-jbay.asp (629 words)

	Guy Rogers Column - WildNet Africa - Column News File -Thursday 23 September, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Based at Bayworld in Port Elizabeth, she is working on a PhD thesis on larval and juvenile fish in Eastern Cape estuaries, in association with the JLB Smith Institute of Icthyology in Grahamstown.
		Strydom was prompted to contact the Herald after we published two articles reflecting the outrage of local anglers and residents at the abuse by fishermen-louts of the gravid kob population in the Gamtoos River estuary.
		In the Gamtoos estuary alone a bag limit of five a day is only resulting in a seven per cent reduction in kob mortality.
	www.wildcare.org.za /bushcraft/columns/rogers/rogers_19990923.html (865 words)

	Patensie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This is a complaint referral brought by the the Competition Commission ('the applicant') in respect of a complaint lodged by an Eastern Cape citrus farmer, JJP Bezuidenhout ('Bezuidenhout'), against the local Gamtoos River Valley ('GRV') packing and distribution company, Patensie Sitrus Beherend Beperk ('Patensie' or 'the respondent').
		The second complainant, Jan Daniel du Preez ("du Preez"), owner of the farm "Hardleigh", Andrieskraal and also a farmer of citrus fruit in the Gamtoos River Valley, withdrew his complaint when his dispute with the respondent was settled in June 2000.
		For one thing, the legal form of the entity undertaking the packing of citrus fruit in the Gamtoos River Valley has changed from that of co-operative (of which the farmers were members) to that of a limited liability company of which the farmers are now shareholders.
	www.comptrib.co.za /decidedcases/html/37crjun01m.htm (12108 words)

	ALBANY MUSEUM - Cape galaxias fact sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Since then it has been recorded from a number of coastal rivers from the Keurbooms (south coast) to the Olifants River system in the Western Cape at the southern tip of the African continent.
		Knowing that the Krom River was connected to the Gamtoos River system some 60 to 100 million years ago I predicted that there should be Cape galaxias in the upper tributaries of the Gamtoos River.
		The Cape galaxias from the Krom River have a cryptic coloration, pale brown with slight vertical barring and transparent, with red gills, heart and vertebral column visible.
	www.ru.ac.za /affiliates/am/galaxias.html (968 words)

	The Federated Hospitality Association of South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Through the Gamtoos Canal, the Kouga Dam supplies the Gamtoos Irrigation Board, the towns of Hankey and Patensie.
		(b) Water use by the Gamtoos Irrigation Board is to be restricted to the average levels of the past year.
		Provided that the NMMM continues to implement its policy of water demand management to curtail the growth in demand, it should be able to meet both its normal domestic and industrial supplies using the Loerie Dam and taking additional Orange River water from the Scheepersvlakte Dam, on the Lower Sundays River Government Water Scheme.
	www.fedhasa.co.za /newsletter/newsletter_article.asp?id=183 (464 words)

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