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Topic: Garifuna

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	Garifuna
		In the west, Mestizo, Spanish-speaking Roman Catholics, are mainly Garifuna.
		Garifuna is a name for the people "of the cassava clan," Karifuna.
		The religion of the Garifuna is a combination of Catholicism, African and Indian beliefs.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/cultural/mesoamerica/garifuna.html (1618 words)

	Garifuna
		The Garifuna culture displays many influences of its African heritage, and this is extremely evident when comparing their music with the indigenous music of the African societies from which their ancestors originated.
		Garifuna music relies heavily on the drum, and in many instances their music is dictated by it.
		The Garifuna perform these rites because like many African societies they believe that spirits of their ancestors, which are both good and evil have direct impact on the lives of people in the living world.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/afburns/afrotrop/Garifuna.htm (1661 words)

	Garifuna Music: Michael Stone
		Garifuna singing and drumming show keen affinities with other musics of the African diaspora, a fiercely percussive, communal call-and response formulation rooted in the sacred context of ancestral invocations and spirit possession, as in Cuban Santería, Haitian Vodoun and Brazilian Candomblé.
		Garifuna music builds on an ensemble of two and preferably, three garaon drums: the improvising primera or heart drum, the counter-rhythmic segunda or shadow drum, and the steady bass-line tercera.
		Garifuna fight to maintain and convey to their children a distinctive cultural and linguistic identity in a society that persists in applying an antagonistic, polarizing racial logic, the one-drop rule, to the lived diversity of the New World African diaspora.
	www.rootsworld.com /reviews/garifuna.html (1910 words)

	Online Encyclopedia and Dictionary - Garifuna
		The Garifuna or Garífuna are an ethnic group in the Caribbean area, decended from a mix of Amerindian and African people.
		Because the island was too small and infertile to support their population, the Garifuna petitioned the Spanish authorities to be allowed to settle on the mainland.
		Today many Garifuna are settled around the Bay of Honduras, especially in southern Belize, on the coast of Guatemala around Livingston, and on the island of Roatan, and coastal towns of Honduras and Nicaragua.
	fact-archive.com /encyclopedia/Garifuna (415 words)

	What's At Stake: Garifuna Community Leader in Honduras Threatened with Death
		The Garifuna are descendents of Africans and native Carib and Arawak Indians, and they represent a sizeable percentage of Central America's coastal inhabitants.
		Many of the core Garifuna religious and cultural practices are inextricably linked to the land, including their collective claim to certain territories.
		But because the Garifuna live on a prime section of coastal territory, the growth of the tourism industry threatens to undermine their way of life and encroaches on what they regard as their ancestral lands.
	action.humanrightsfirst.org /campaign/Garcia/explanation (904 words)

	In Garifuna Land
		The Garifuna have a hybrid culture that is intimately linked to the history of the Caribbean Basin, and are one of the reasons that Belize has more of a Caribbean than a Latin atmosphere.
		Garifuna culture is matriarchal; a mother is the center of her family, which in turn is the basic unit of society.
		Garifuna believe the dead can directly influence the living, and the women are periodically 'possessed' by relatives eager to talk.
	www.mayadiscovery.com /ing/life/garifuna.htm (839 words)

	Garifuna.com
		Garifunas acquired the French taste for wine instead of rum, dominated French language, incorporated French words to their dialect, adopted the French currency as a mean for commercial trading, obtained French names and customs, and eventually became their allies against the English colonization.
		Politics: Garifunas do not believe in politics, they believe that they are too peaceful and that they can handle their personal problems without the intervention of any legal force; however, in some areas a governor is in charge of providing justice between the people.
		Of great importance is the Garifuna religious system called Gubida that is the conception of the dreams and possession rituals as altered states of conscience considered, by the participants and believers, to be caused by the possession of a spiritual entity.
	www.garifuna.com (9728 words)

	Take Action: Garifuna Community Leader in Honduras Threatened with Death
		This incident is only the most recent in a series of mounting threats and violent attacks faced by the Garifuna community and their leaders over the last several years.
		Urge the government of Honduras to protect the safety of Garifuna rights activists and ensure that those responsible for violent threats and criminal attacks against peaceful community leaders are brought to justice.
		Garifuna activists have been subject to systematic violence and intimidation in reprisal for their efforts to defend peacefully what they view as the land and social rights of the Garifuna population.
	action.humanrightsfirst.org /campaign/Garcia (999 words)

	Garifuna
		Garifuna, Dügü: The dügü ritual, also called “feasting the dead.” This site describes the reasons and preparations for this fervent ceremony and explains each aspect—“The culture of the Garifuna is a system of traditional and typical West African cultural expression fused with Amerindian customs and subsistence bases.
		Garifuna of Honduras—“The Garifuna peoples of Belize, Guatemala, Honduras and to a lesser extent the Caribbean Coastline of Nicaragua, Columbia and Venezuela, are descended from West African, Arawakan and Carib Indians.
		Garifuna Mali: “Caribs, Garifuna and Garinagu of Seine Bight, Hopkins, George Town, Dangriga, Barranco, Belize, Honduras and Garinagu everywhere.
	www.kacike.org /cac-ike/Belize.html (2975 words)

	GeoNative - Garifuna
		Garifuna is an Amerindian langauge of the Arawak family, spoken by people that are mostly African-American.
		The Garifuna language was spoken on St. Vincent Island in the Lesser Antilles before the Garinagu were deported from there to Roatan Island, Honduras.
		Garifuna talde etnikoko komunitate batzuk badira Nikaraguan, 1.500 lagun inguru, baina hizkuntza galdu dute.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/garifuna.html (342 words)

	Garifuna
		Garifuna is an Arawakan language that originated on the island of St.
		While the Garifuna language does contain borrowings from English, French and Spanish, and of course Galibi, it is solidly an Arawakan language.
		The Garifuna language is very very closely related to the Karifuna though there are differences, mainly in terms of pronunciation and stress but also sentence structure.
	www.cariblanguage.org /garifuna.html (383 words)

	Garifuna.org: January 2006 Archives
		The Garifuna people were transported from Balliceaux, near Bequia, St. Vincent, to Roatan, Honduras, and half of them reportedly perished from the scourges of disease, starvation and harsh treatment by colonial powers.
		Today, Barranco, one of the first Garifuna communities in Belize, is one of the last havens where the Garifuna culture is preserved in one of its most dynamic forms.
		Today many Garifuna are settled around the Bay of Honduras, especially in southern Belize, on the coast of Guatemala around Livingston, and on the island of Roatán, and coastal towns of Honduras and Nicaragua.
	www.garifuna.org /2006/01 (1929 words)

	Garifuna
		Garifuna villages are on beautiful beaches and the canoes of the fishermen rest on the beach.
		Garifuna Tours in spite of its name is not Garifuna owned, and does primarily nature tourism, instead of visiting the Garifunas.
		There is a strong breeze and you see the Garifuna fishermen race in with their sails to the wind right up to the foot of the Sambo Creek restaurant.
	sidewalkmystic.com /Garifuna.htm (918 words)

	Garifuna/Planeta.com
		The Garifuna did not colonize easily under the British and for the next 200 years, they continued to fight for their freedom, unlike the Native American Caribs who were slowly decimated by disease and warfare.
		The Garifuna soon discovered that the land to be cleared for planting was extremely difficult to clear, and the rainy season was soon to begin.
		Perhaps, this same ability to accept change and make it Garifuna, instead of turning their backs to the modern world in order to preserve the old, will be their deliverance to the new Garifuna of the twenty-first century.
	www.planeta.com /planeta/00/0003garifuna.html (1180 words)

	Authentic Garifuna Music
		Garifuna culture is especially confusing because of its historical identity as a cultural mixture of African and Amerindian influences as well as the additional "mixing" that has been occurring
		Until recently most of the Garifuna people in Belize lived in small villages, where everybody knew their neighbors, and their community was composed of people that they knew personally.
		The dügü is a Garifuna healing ceremony in which an entire extended family comes together to heal social rifts and the physical ailments they cause.
	www.belizeanjourneys.com /features/garifmusic/newsletter.html (1098 words)

	CD Baby: AURELIO MARTINEZ: Garifuna Soul
		Garifuna Soul was recorded by Ivan Duran and Gil Abarbanel in a relaxed atmosphere at Sandy Beach Resort in beautiful Hopkins village.
		Garifuna is a unique creole mix of indigenous and African tongues.
		Garifuna Soul is a sweetly rousing selection of songs laced with layered percussion, conversing guitars and gutsy singing occasionally jazzed up by a bit of sax or electric textures.
	cdbaby.com /cd/aurelio (1060 words)

	Garifuna People - Complete information about Toledo District in Southern Belize
		Though commonly referred to as "Garifuna", the people are properly called "Garinagu" and the culture and language are "Garifuna".
		The Garinagu are recent arrivals to Belize, settling the southern coast of Belize in the early 19th century.
		Central to the Garifuna community is the belief in and respect for the ancestors.
	www.southernbelize.com /hist_garifuna.html (869 words)

	Garifunas, Honduras
		The Garifuna, who are also known as the Black Caribs or the Garinagu, are the descendants of Caribs Indians and Black African slaves who were shipwrecked on the island of St. Vincent.
		The Garifuna are a proud culture, with a unique religion (which, though many confuse the two, is not voodoo) and their own vibrant style of dress, art and craftsmanship.
		As tourism and travel continue to flourish in Honduras, it is of the utmost importance that this culture be preserved, for the Garifuna are as vital to the area as the dwindling rainforests and endangered species that call the country home.
	www.alfatravelguide.com /english/hn/garifuna.asp (926 words)

	Garifuna
		Garifuna is a name for the people "of the cassava clan," Karifuna.
		The burial feast is known as "Beluria" and is a nine-day devotional ceremony to the Dead, which culminates in drumming, dancing and feasting.
		The religion of the Garifuna is a combination of Catholicism, African and Indian beliefs.
	emuseum.mnsu.edu /cultural/mesoamerica/garifuna.html (1618 words)

	Garifuna - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The Garifuna or Garífuna are an ethnic group in the Caribbean area, descended from a mix of Amerindian and African people.
		The most common version of how 'Black Caribs' came to be states that in 1635, two Spanish ships carrying slaves to the West Indies from what is now Nigeria were shipwrecked near the island of Saint Vincent.
		A less common version of 'Black Carib' origin is that pre-Columbus African explorers intermingled with the indigenous population (refer to "They Came Before Columbus" by Ivan Van Sertima).
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/g/a/r/Garifuno.html (453 words)

	The Garifuna Journey
		Garifuna dominate the southern towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga as well as the villages of Seine Bight, Hopkins, Georgetown and Barranco.
		Garifuna are mostly employed as teachers or civil servants and are known as remarkable linguists and students.
		November 19th is a national holiday in Belize to commemorate the arrival of the Garifuna to Belize.
	www.seinebight.com /garhistory.htm (3402 words)

	The Garifuna / Black Caribs
		The history of the Garifuna (or Garifune) begins before the year 1635 on the island of St.
		The Garifuna culture is very strong with great emphasis on music, dance and story-telling and with its own brand of religion consisting of a mix of Catholicism, African and Indian beliefs.
		Because of their difference and independence, over the years the Garifuna have been feared and discriminated against by Guatemalans and variously accused of devil-worship, polygamy, voodoo and speaking a secret language.
	www.mayaparadise.com /garifune.htm (717 words)

	Food Garifuna: Vibrant, Soulful, African World Music at Global Rhythm - The Destination for World Music
		The Garifuna were in the news recently when accounts of the automobile accident that killed hip-hop diva Lisa Lopes mentioned sheâd been vacationing in a Garifuna village in Honduras.
		As traditional as the drums were, equally archetypal were the cooking implements theyâd brought, like a grater devised for âgrateringâ coconut only (the Belizean Garifuna use the English Caribbean neologism, âto graterâ), made of a slab of wood shaped gently into a figure eight and embedded with small, sharp pebbles.
		Much of the afternoon was spent with Pierre, here for many years but with a good part of his heart still home, communing with the Garinagu over similarities between the culture of West Africa and the lost homeland of a people who know only that their ancestors originated somewhere in the West.
	www.globalrhythm.net /Food/GarifunaVibrantSoulfulAfrican.cfm (1851 words)

	Garifuna community delivers for homeland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Garifuna people gained public attention in 1990 when a fire at the Happy Land Social Club in the borough killed 87 people, many from this ethnic group.
		Ventura and others said the 100,000 Garifuna people in Honduras are marginalized by the government because of their heritage and skin color.
		The oldest Garifuna families here said the first to come to the United States were merchant marines employed by American companies in the 1950s.
	www.jrn.columbia.edu /studentwork/bronxbeat/2001/041601/garifuna0416_01.shtml (845 words)

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