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	Gary L. Francione - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gary Lawrence Francione (1954) is an American law professor at Rutgers University.
		Francione's theory starts with the premise that animals are sentient; he bases this theory on their possession of a central nervous system.
		According to Francione, their status as sentient beings entitles them to a basic right not to be treated as the property of humans, nor to be used for the benefit of humans when it is against their own interest.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gary_Francione (163 words)

	Gary - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The word Gary is a local term used by people in the Midlands of the United Kingdom to refer to a Chav or Townie.
		According to the Social Security Administration, Gary was relatively rare as a given name in the 1900-1920s period (e.g., in the 1910s it was the 677th most frequent name, given to less than 0.01% of the babies born in that decade).
		Gary Barlow, Gary Bartz, Gary Barwin, Gary Bauer, Gary Becker, Gary Bettman, Gary Burghoff, Gary Burton, Gary Busey
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gary (495 words)

	Gary Francione (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gary Francione is a law professor at Rutgers University in the United States.
		Francione, Gennaro Presenta romanzi, racconti, saggi e una biografia dell'autore.
		Gary, G Posters Gary Lineker Posters Gary Sandy Posters Gary Lockwood Posters Gary Coleman Posters Gary Carter Posters Gary Roberts Posters Gary Winick Posters Gary Payton Posters Gary Sheffield Posters Gary Fleder Posters Gary Trousdale Posters Gary Cooper Posters Gary Raymond Posters F.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Gary_Francione.html (313 words)

	Four Legs Good
		Author Gary Francione would like a word with you.
		Rigorous and exacting in print, Francione in person is affable and laughable, single-handedly belying the Animal Rights stereotype.
		Gary Francione, Tue., May 22, 7 p.m., Barnes and Noble, 1805 Walnut St., 215-665-0716.
	www.citypaper.net /articles/051701/list.pickb.shtml (155 words)

	Thinkers
		Gary Francione is a lawyer and law professor who has devoted most of his career to the protection of animals.
		Francione's major complaint is that we show a form of "moral schizophrenia about animals." While "we all agree that it is morally wrong to impose unnecessary suffering on" them, we also impose a great deal of suffering on them, and none of this is actually necessary.
		Francione is on firm ground with respect to entertainment and hunting, but on much less firm ground with respect to scientific experimentation; and eating animals seems to be an intermediate case.
	www.freewebs.com /thinkersnyc/apr02read.html (5168 words)

	Introduction to Animal Rights: Your Child or the Dog?
		Francione is provocative, but his claims about what kind of advocacy ""real"" animal rights advocates can engage in, what tactics will (if any) really succeed in the long run, and his criticisms of some philosophers are often not as carefully defended as they should be.
		Francione's theory of animal rights forces us to make a choice: either we acknowledge that animals are morally equivalent to inanimate objects and we have no moral obligations that we owe them directly, or animals are members of the moral community to whom we have direct moral obligations.
		Francione also makes clear that just as in the case of human slavery, it will not be the legal system that will end the property status of animals; significant social change will have to occur first.
	www.textbooksrus.com /search/BookDetail?isbn=1566396913 (783 words)

	Gary L. Francione -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gary Lawrence Francione (1954) is an (A native or inhabitant of the United States) American law professor at (Click link for more info and facts about Rutgers University) Rutgers University.
		Francione's theory starts with the premise that animals are sentient; he bases this theory on their possession of a (The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord) central nervous system.
		According to Francione, their status as sentient beings entitles to a basic right not to be treated as the (A basic or essential attribute shared by all members of a class) property of humans, nor to be used for the benefit of humans when it is against their own interest.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/ga/gary_l._francione.htm (202 words)

	Prof. G.L. Francione (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gary Francione: No. I argue that all sentient beings should have one right: the right not to be treated as our property--the right not to be valued exclusively as means to human ends.
		Gary Francione: Become a vegan and spend at least one hour of every day educating your family, friends, neighbors, and anyone else who will listen to you about the moral and environmental arguments in favor of veganism.
		Gary Francione: I was recently asked by some animal advocates to write down a set of principles that might be used as shorthand for what I regard as the moral baselines of a real animal rights movement.
	www.animalsrighttolifewebsite.com /prof__g_l__francione.htm (5742 words)

	The SocioWeb: Sociology Books » Introduction to Animal Rights: Your Child or the Dog?
		Gary Francione's thinking on animal rights is at its most refined in this book, which is a terrific blend of law and philosophy.
		Francione argues that if humans are to make good on our claim to take animals seriously, we must also accord to them that one right, which requires the abolition of animal exploitation.
		Francione on the other hand, argues that sentience is the only thing that matters in the determination of whether a being has the basic right to freedom from expoitation.
	www.socioweb.com /sociology-books/book/1566396921 (1106 words)

	AR.net >> Gary Francione and Lee Hall Write Scathing Attack on the Animal Rights Movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Francione and Hall raise some points which this author fully agrees with, but in general they disapprove of the mainstream of the animal rights movement because they do not think it is radicalized enough.
		Francione and Hall agree with and expand on Saunders' criticism that the animal rights movement tends to be inconsistent.
		Francione and Hall also agree with Saunders that Singer does openly advocate infanticide -- as is obvious to anyone who reads his writings on the topic -- and express contempt at those in the animal rights movement who label as "animal enemies" (their term) those who criticize Singer for this and other absurd positions.
	www.animalrights.net /archives/year/2002/000285.html (518 words)

	antiSpe: "An Interview with Professor Gary L. Francione on the State of the U.S. Animal Rights Movement"
		Unlike Regan, who argues that only certain cognitively developed animals have rights, Francione maintains that sentience alone qualifies a being for what he has identified as the one fundamental right: the right not to be the property of another.
		In sum, Francione argues that all sentient beings--and not just the ones that are most "like us"--are necessarily self-aware and have an interest in their lives.
		Francione’s legal and philosophical views are truly original and unique in the movement, and it is our pleasure to present this interview of Gary Francione.
	antispe.de /txt/interviewgaryfrancione.html (5607 words)

	Rain Without Thunder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Francione then proposes a practical program for social and legal change that will incrementally erode property rights in animals and will facilitate the recognition that nonhumans have the right not to be treated instrumentally by humans.
		Francione's book is a major contribution to the literature on applied ethical and jurisprudential theory, as well as an intriguing sociological analysis of a political movement.
		Francione, a well-known legal scholar, writes in a clear and concise manner about how welfarist and rightist views differ in their basic assumptions, and how advocacy for each leads people--who really DO care about nonhuman animals--in vastly different directions concerning the future of nonhumans in a world dominated by humans.
	www.animal-law.org /books/rainad.htm (903 words)

	Society&Animal Forum - Society & Animals Journal
		The stated purpose of Francione's book is to propose and defend the "straightforward and simple" thesis that the reason for this apparent paradox is that nonhuman animals lack legal rights.
		One source of Francione's pessimism might be his overemphasis on the positivist influence upon fundamental legal rights.
		Francione also underemphasizes the degree to which the common law, which has hitherto treated nonhuman animals so poorly, is capable of mending its sorry ways.
	www.psyeta.org /sa/sa4.1/wise.html (1525 words)

	Vegan Blog: The (Eco) Logical Weblog [ Ecology, Environmentalism, Animal Rights, and Education for the Conscious Planet ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Francione also speaks to the matter of putting the philosophy of liberation into practice at the grass roots level.
		Francione discusses the ramifications of advocates' shift from an emphasis on sentience to an emphasis on cognitive ability.
		Then, Francione returns the animal rights movement to the goals we came here to achieve, providing a set of principles that might be used as shorthand for "the moral baselines of a real animal rights movement."
	getvegan.com /blog/2002/07/animal-rights-interview-with-gary.php (452 words)

	Books in Review: Rain Without Thunder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Francione is particularly vexed by PETA’s whoring after entertainment stars in its search for fame and money, especially in using naked women in its anti-fur campaign ("I’d rather go naked than wear fur") and descending to shamelessly pornographic advertising.
		Francione notes that critics from within the movement have attacked the strict rights advocates like himself as "fundamentalists" who are wrecking any possible progress by insisting on an "all-or-nothing" approach.
		Francione’s main purpose in this book is to rally the dispersed animal advocacy movement around his rights thesis and against the welfarism which, he argues, is counterproductive.
	www.firstthings.com /ftissues/ft9710/reviews/derr.html (1409 words)

	Interview with author and lawyer Gary Francione (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		How Francione differs from all other theorists who have gone before him, including Peter Singer, is that his theory does not rest upon cognitive capacity (beyond the ability to feel pain) for possession of this one basic right.
		Francione has often been called "uncompromising" by commentators in the past, but this label somehow suggests a kind of "elitism" which simply is not true.
		We therefore decided to debate Professor Francione, not because we think he is wrong (we don't), but because we wanted to see for ourselves how to work for total abolition when in contrast, up until now, the AR movement hasn't even been able to get something as relatively basic as the Draize test banned.
	www.animal-lib.org.au /more_interviews/francione (3294 words)

	Animal Logic
		Francione sees his task as supplying that two-thirds of our population (and the other third as well) with the logical building blocks to go from point A to point B, with the latter being the commitment to abolish animal exploitation.
		Like Francione, she refers to the dogs as "the kids." (The two have elected not to have children.) They met in York, where Francione had gone in 1976 after graduating from the University of Rochester.
		Francione got his J.D. in 1981 and after clerking for Judge Albert Tate of the Fifth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals in New Orleans, he was recommended by the judge for a plum assignment: law clerk for Sandra Day O’Connor, the newly installed Supreme Court justice.
	www.citypaper.net /articles/090700/cs.cover1.shtml (1959 words)

	AR.net >> Discussion Forum >> Gary Francione on the War Path (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Francione does not shy away from the implications of his belief that all property interests in animals should be abolished,
		Francione's main targets on that count are Peter Singer whose ideas have been "disastrous" for the animal rights movement.
		The odd thing is not that Francione holds such extreme views, but rather that he sincerely believes that the animal rights movement would have a much better shot at achieving its goals if it adhered to his strict abolitionist stance.
	www.animalrights.net /44065 (481 words)

	Tools : Animals, Property, and the Law (Ethics and Action) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gary Francione is a law professor as well as a philosopher, and his legal expertise allowed him to add an essential component to animal rights theory that was missing in the previous literature.
		Francione says that whenever it comes to a showdown between human wants and animal pain, humans, who _do_ have "rights" under the law, almost always win -- because the game is rigged.
		Francione argues his case well -- including a crucial point: he maintains that there isn't anything in current "property"-based animal law that has the effect of conferring rights on animals anyway.
	www.homeremodelingtoday.com /tools/bosch/1566392845 (1189 words)

	The International Institute for Animal Law
		Francione, Gary L., Hunting Hunters, 26 AV 48 (1989).
		Francione, Gary L., The Paradigm of Property, 3 AV 68 (1990).
		Francione, Gary L., and Anna E. Charlton, Vivisection and Dissection in the Classroom: A Conscientious Objection, Jenkintown, PA: American Anti-Vivisection Society (1992).
	www.animallawintl.org /animal_rights_pubs.htm (638 words)

	Rain Without Thunder: The Ideology of the Animal Rights Movement
		Francione shows that using the term "rights" to describe the movement is actually a misnomer - that the movement has instead focused on improving animal "welfare." A rights approach calls for the abolition of animal exploitation, whereas a welfarist approach calls for the better treatment of animals that are exploited.
		But Francione persuasively argues that there is no nexus between the welfarist positions being advanced and long-term abolition, and, moreover, that animal welfare actually reinforces and perpetuates animal exploitation.
		Francione powerfully argues that the animal rights movement has spiraled down into a animal welfare movement--a movement that has failed horribly in the past.
	www.allscoop.com /computer-books/isbn1566394619.html (889 words)

	Response to Gary Francione
		I suspect Francione’s main contribution doesn’t get the (in my view, positive) consideration it deserves because it is often surrounded by false accusations about PETA and Peter Singer (even Tom Regan gets a jab in the interview’s introduction!) and the presentation is often extremely less than optimally clear and concise.
		My sense is that the disagreements between Francione and others are not as deep or “philosophical” as I suspect he thinks they are: for a large part, they are empirical disputes about the efficacy of campaign tactics.
		Gary Francione: I was recently asked by some animal advocates to write down a set of principles that might be used as shorthand for what I regard as the moral baselines of a real animal rights movement [emphasis mine].
	mail.rochester.edu /~nobs/francione.html (5229 words)

	This is Satya \| Chasing Our Tails (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Francione asks why these new welfarists are seeking reform within the very legal system that gives lip-service to animal protection in the form of legal welfarism, yet stands guard over the wealth-building institution of animal slavery.
		Francione not only suggests the methods of rights incrementalism (education, demonstration, protest, and boycotts), but also provides five criteria for determining whether a particular, substantive proposal actually promotes or compromises the basic rights of animals.
		While advocates whom Francione characterizes as "new welfarists" might rightly claim that their approach to animal protection is both reformist and abolitionist, Francione's point is that any compromise and dilution of the rights position is necessarily self-defeating.
	www.montelis.com /satya/backissues/may97/tails.html (793 words)

	COK > The Abolitionist #10: Book Review: Introduction to Animal Rights
		Francione astutely answers that not only would anyone save his own child from the burning house rather than the dog, he would also save his child instead of 12 other children.
		Francione supports this conclusion with actual court cases.
		In Francione's opinion, because animals are considered property, humane reforms have not improved conditions for them, nor will they ever be able to.
	www.cok.net /abol/10/6.php (497 words)

	Vegetarian Times: A modern day Dr. Doolittle - animal rights activist Gary Francione (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Twenty years ago, if you had asked law student Gary Francione his position on animal rights, he probably would have shrugged his shoulders and replied, "They don't have rights." Ask him that same question today, and the answer would be different.
		Francione, often passing the overflow of his staggering caseload to former students, is essentially staffing up the animal-rights movement with his own team of legal eagles.
		His passionate distaste for the status quo won't make him popular in many circles, but Gary Francione is not out to win any popularity contests.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0820/is_n245/ai_20157500 (1086 words)

	Gary L. Francione: Introduction to Animal Rights: Your Child or the Dog? - Køb Bøger: Totaltiorden.dk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gary Francione has published the simplified version of AR --the one that explains the basics of what works (and what doesn't).
		Paring the discussion of our treatment of animals down to basic elements and building his arguments with rigorous logic, Francione makes an overwhelming case that may even convince the casual reader to adopt a change in lifestyle.
		The criticism(s?) of his "all or nothing" stance miss the point - Francione's abolitionist stance provokes all readers to examine the very foundation of their own opinions, and assists animal activists in making coherent arguments for the cause.
	www.totaltiorden.dk /shop/book_details.php/1566396921\|books\|DVM (1422 words)

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