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Topic: Gas chromatograph

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	CHP - Gas Chromatography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gas chromatography is a chromatographic technique that can be used to separate organic compounds that are volatile.
		A gas chromatograph consists of a flowing mobile phase, an injection port, a separation column containing the stationary phase, a detector, and a data recording system.
		The organic compounds are separated due to differences in their partitioning behavior between the mobile gas phase and the stationary phase in the column.
	www.chem.vt.edu /chem-ed/sep/gc/gc.html (209 words)

	Project Labs - Introduction to Gas Chromatography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gas chromatography is given only the very briefest attention in most chemistry textbooks, yet it is easy to understand in its simplest form and has applications which would be interesting to students.
		In gas chromatography, the stationary phase is generally a non-volatile liquid, which coats an inactive, pulverized, solid material packed within a very long (30 meters!) thin (1/4 of a millionth of a meter!) column.
		For example, the carrier gas is analogous to the water in the petri dish, the injected liquid mixture is analogous to the spot of ink on the filter paper, the long column is analogous to the filter paper, and the computer printout chromatogram is analogous to the colored filter paper chromatogram.
	www.rohmhaas.com /company/plabs.dir/htmldocs/GasChroma.html (1996 words)

	The Gas Chromatograph Experiment
		Gas chromatography is an analytical chemical method for separating chemical substances.
		Gas Chromatography is one of the most important tools in chemistry because of its simplicity, sensitivity and effectiveness in separating components of mixtures.
		Gas Chromatography can be defined as differential migration processes where gases or vaporised sample components are selectively retained by a stationary phase.
	www.chemforlife.org /experiments/gas_chromatography (502 words)

	Gas-liquid chromatography -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A gas chromatograph is a chemical analysis instrument for separating and identifying (Produced by or used in a reaction involving changes in atoms or molecules) chemicals in a sample.
		In a GC analysis, a known volume of gaseous or liquid (additional info and facts about analyte) analyte is injected into the entrance of the column, usually using a micro (A medical instrument used to inject or withdraw fluids) syringe.
		The rate at which the molecules progress along the column depends on the strength of (The accumulation of molecules of a gas to form a thin film on the surface of a solid) adsorption, which in turn depends on the type of molecule and on the column materials.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/ga/gas-liquid_chromatography.htm (804 words)

	Chromatograph removes hydrocarbons in catalyst hydroprocessing - regeneration.
		A gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector is necessary.
		If the gas chromatograph is equipped with a gas injection valve, connect a gas sampling loop of 2 ml or of a higher capacity.
		Alternately, if a gas injection valve is available in the chromatograph, attach a sampling loop of 1 ml capacity and inject the sample through it using a leveling bottle to displace the sample from the sampling tube.
	www.bin95.com /hydrocarbons-chromatograph.htm (1548 words)

	Portable gas chromatograph - Patent 5611846
		Gas chromatographs are disclosed that may be constructed to be portable, light, rugged, fast, sensitive, and to use only utilities (compressed gas and electricity) that are readily available in the field.
		5,048,322 discloses a large volume injection gas chromatographic method in which the temperature of the column inlet and of the analytical column are separately controlled, or in which the temperature of a retention gap and the temperature of the analytical column are separately controlled.
		Gas chromatographs in accordance with the new invention may be constructed to be portable, light, rugged, fast, sensitive, and to use only utilities (compressed gas and electricity) that are readily available in the field.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5611846.html (9185 words)

	Gas Chromatography
		Gas chromatography is not used in the introductory organic chemistry lab, but if you are to continue with more advanced laboratory courses, you will most definitely encounter this invaluable analytical tool.
		The gas must be inert, so as not to react with the sample nor the stationary phase.
		Today's gas chromatographs even allow for computer programs dictating the ramping of the oven temperature to different levels at specific times for precision elution.
	www.umich.edu /~orgolab/Chroma/gaschroma.html (550 words)

	Lincoln Apartments Soil Gas Survey, Port Angeles, Washington -- March and April 1993 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Soil gas, soil, and water samples were collected in the spring of 1993 in the vicinity of Lincoln Apartments, Port Angeles, as part of a leaking underground storage tank system investigation.
		Soil gas samples were analyzed in the field using a portable gas chromatograph.
		Soil gas, soil, and water samples were collected in the spring of 1993 in the vicinity of Lincoln Apartments, Port Angeles, Washington, as part of a leaking underground storage tank system investigation.
	www.ecy.wa.gov /biblio/93e40.html (348 words)

	Gas Chromatography
		Gas chromatography - specifically gas-liquid chromatography - involves a sample being vapourised and injected onto the head of the chromatographic column.
		The choice of carrier gas is often dependant upon the type of detector which is used.
		A non-selective detector responds to all compounds except the carrier gas, a selective detector responds to a range of compounds with a common physical or chemical property and a specific detector responds to a single chemical compound.
	www.shu.ac.uk /schools/sci/chem/tutorials/chrom/gaschrm.htm (940 words)

	[No title]
		Pure vinyl chloride gas certified by the manufacturer to contain a minimum of 99.9 percent vinyl chloride for use in the preparation of standard gas mixtures in Section 7.1.
		Gas mixture standards (50, 10, and 5 ppm vinyl chloride in nitrogen cylinders) for which the gas composition has been certified by the manufacturer.
		These gas mixture standards may be used for 10 days from the date of preparation, after which time preparation of new gas mixtures is required.
	www.arb.ca.gov /testmeth/VOL3/meth106.doc (2316 words)

	Gas Chromatography: Modern GC
		In some instruments, a single microprocessor unit is employed to service the entire chromatograph but this tends to restrict the choice available for the different parts of the chromatograph.
		The first unit, the gas supply unit, provides all the necessary gas supplies which may involve a number of different gases, depending on the type of detector that is chosen.
		In addition the gas supply unit would be serviced by a microprocessor to monitor flow rates, adjust individual gas flows and, when and if necessary, program the mobile phase flow rate.
	www.chromatography-online.org /GC/Modern-GC/rs3.html (394 words)

	ISA \| Real time chromatograph control
		Use of a process gas chromatograph in the FCC unit provides such benefits as regulating the temperature in the regenerator, minimizing the loss of naphtha and gasoline components, and monitoring the C4 and C5 olefins in the reactor.
		Heavy gas oils from the crude unit and vacuum gas oils from the vacuum crude unit feed the fluid catalytic cracking unit in a refinery.
		The instrumentation necessary to accomplish chromatography consists of a supply of carrier gas (commonly helium, hydrogen, or nitrogen), a sample introduction device to inject a fixed volume of sample into the carrier gas stream, a column containing the stationary phase, and a detector.
	www.isa.org /InTechTemplate.cfm?Section=InTech&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=44006 (1198 words)

	Hytec Soil Gas Survey - Tumwater, Washington - December 9-16, 1991 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Soil gas and soil samples were collected as part of a preliminary Site Hazard Assessment on December 9-16, 1991, at the former Hytec fiberglass manufacturing facility in Tumwater, Washington.
		A total of 40 soil gas samples and 12 soil samples were collected and tested to provide information on the extent of on-site soil contamination and potential ground water contamination.
		Soil gas and soil samples were collected as part of a preliminary Site Hazard Assessment (SHA) on December 9-16, 1991, at the former Hytec fiberglass manufacturing facility in Tumwater, Washington.
	www.ecy.wa.gov /biblio/92e42.html (362 words)

	Gas chromatograph Crystall-5000 and UniChrom
		Gas chromatographs "Crystall-5000" is one of the most modern and attractive instruments on world market.
		Since it is chromatograph of similar class, it have price more than twice less than mentioned instrument with same or better characteristics.
		Since the instrument has the same configuration model as Agilent HP-6890, the zone remapping, which is typical for instruments with limited number of gas regulator, is not required, but still possible.
	www.unichrom.com /c5k/c5ke.shtml (271 words)

	Gas Chromatograph Use (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gas chromatographs utilize a flowing stream of gas (carrier gas) as the mobile phase, and an immobilized liquid as the stationary phase.
		As components of the sample pass over the immobilized stationary phase, their rate of flow is reduced relative to that of the carrier gas based on their affinity for the stationary phase.
		In this type of chromatography, affinity of the sample components for the mobile phase is not an issue due to the relative isolation of molecules in the gas phase.
	www.chem.memphis.edu /Instruments/gc.html (419 words)

	Gas Chromatograph
		Column of the gas chromatograph must be encased in a well thermostatted oven because gas chromatography is very temperature sensitive.
		Principle: a metal filament is placed in a gas having a great thermal conductivity, such as helium, and an electric current is allowed to flow through it.
		This is the regression line (trendline for MS Excel) of the graph of peak area vs. known mass of CO -C of a particular sample.
	www.oznet.ksu.edu /ed_agron645/lab/645GCinfo.htm (301 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A microminiature gas chromatograph ({mu}GC) comprising a least one silicon wafer, a gas injector, a column, and a detector.
		The column is a microcapillary in silicon crystal with a stationary phase and is mechanically connected to receive the mobile phase from the gas injector for the molecular separation of compounds in the sample gas.
		The detector is mechanically connected to the column for the analysis of the separated compounds of sample gas with electronic means, e.g., ion cell, field emitter and PIN diode.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=415726 (191 words)

	Experiment 9
		A mixture of known alcohols will be provided to run on the gas chromatograph so that the Tr values may be obtained.
		Turn on the gas chromatograph following the directions which pertain to the type of instrument you are using.
		Steps #1 to #6 will normally have been done for you, since, while the class is doing this experiment, the gas chromatograph is left on day and night.
	members.aol.com /instan403/ex9.htm (550 words)

	ESA Science & Technology: Instruments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		GCMS is a quadrupole mass filter with a secondary electron multiplier detection system and a gas sampling system providing direct atmospheric composition measurements and batch sampling through three Gas Chromatograph (GC) columns.
		The scope of this problem is unusually large, including the determination of noble gas abundance, isotopic ratios, and the identification of high molecular weight organic compounds in trace quantities.
		During the intervals when effluent from the GC columns is expected, the presence of a gas peak at the output, as determined by a measurement of the total abundance of gas with mass greater than the carrier gas, will signal priority status for the source connected to the eluting column.
	sci.esa.int /science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=31193&fbodylongid=736 (821 words)

	Gas chromatograph Crystall-2000M and UniChrom
		Gas chromatographs "Crystall-2000M" is one of the modern and attractive GC instruments on russian market.
		Carrier gas regulators have maximal flow limit of 200 ml/min.
		Gas chromatographs "Crystall-2000M" can be connected to PC via serial port.
	www.unichrom.com /c2km/crys2kme.shtml (309 words)

	ch7-4
		JPL was in the process of evaluating a breadboard model of the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and Martin Marietta's planning for the construction of the upper-atmospheric mass spectrometer breadboard was under way.
		Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in the laboratory were one thing; shrinking the equipment to a size that could be placed on a spacecraft was another.
		Deleted from the design were the Martian gas pump, the onboard carbon dioxide gas system, one control chamber each for the gas-exchange and light-scattering experiments, and related valves, plumbing, and wiring.
	history.nasa.gov /SP-4212/ch7-4.html (7468 words)

	Gas Chromatograph Interpretation and Aromatherapy - article by Dr J. Power
		Chromatographs (gas chromatography) show the relative amounts of the various organic components that make up essential oils.
		Even though a chromatograph may show only a few of the constituents of an oil, one still needs knowledge of many individual substances and their properties to read a chromatograph.
		Below are two chromatographs (with reports) - one is for Lavender Provence and one is for Lavender Dalmatian.
	www.dreamingearth.com /gas_chromatographs.html (640 words)

	Sentex Systems, Inc. (Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas Chromatograph) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Scentograph Plus II portable gas chromatograph is designed to monitor volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from hazardous waste sites and other emission sources.
		The Scentograph Plus II portable gas chromatograph was evaluated in January 1992 at a Superfund site under remediation.
		The Scentograph Plus II portable gas chromatograph was also evaluated during a field study in August 1995.
	www.clu-in.org /products/site/camp/sentex.htm (349 words)

	Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The GC or gas chromatograph is capable of resolving complex mixtures, containing up to one hundred separate components, and then sends each component, one at a time, to the mass spectrometer (MS) for analysis.
		The MS analysis affords measurement of the mass of a molecule and also the masses of fragments generated from molecule decomposition.
		Together the masses generated from the analysis (or mass spectrum) allow one to reconstruct the structure for the molecule, much like one reconstructs a picture from a bunch of puzzle pieces.
	mail.fvcc.edu /~pmartino/gcms.inf.html (163 words)

	Baseline Gas Chromatographs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Model 8550 Gas Analyzer is designed to continuously monitor single or multiple gas components in one or more locations.
		It uses the principles of gas chromatography (GC), an analytical method where a physical separation of the sample components occurs prior to detection.
		The Model 8900 is microprocessor-based, which, along with a variety of detector and gas train options, gives the instrument the flexibility and precision necessary to effectively perform most applications.
	www.baselineindustries.com /product4.shtml (170 words)

	GOW-MAC Instrument Co.
		Excellent separation of a 1% gas standard was obtained on the GOW-MAC Series 600 TCD Programmable Gas Chromatograph utilizing the GOW-MAC #10-955 Micro-TCD, in less than 1 minute.
		Welding supply and specialty gas distributors have recently found it necessary to do their own testing and certification on the gases they provide to their customers.
		The GOW-MAC Series 580 System Gas Chromatograph with our patented Discharge Ionization Detector (DID) is successfully being used to analyze the impurities in bulk gases to the low parts per million level.
	www.gow-mac.com /applications/app_cat.cfm?cat_id=2 (380 words)

	~chamber gas range~ Home Appliances, Articles and News, Parts and Service ~chamber gas range~ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On this humid morning, when the gas chamber was ready for another load, a husky would...
		Bobby Davis was sentenced to die in the gas chamber, but in 1972 the California Supreme Court...
		We produce two types of damper for this range:- a straight damper with the gas chamber in the top of the damper body or the piggy back style where the gas reservoir is on a bracket at the side of the...
	www.applianceclub.com /GasRange4 (2077 words)

	SRI Instruments (Compact Gas Chromatograph) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The SRI Instruments (SRI) line of compact single- and dual-oven, portable gas chromatographs (GC) are economical laboratory instruments designed for on-site analysis of organic compounds.
		SRI GCs accept both packed and capillary columns and may be equipped with multiple injectors and detectors for series or independent operation.
		Results from this demonstration are presented in a peer-reviewed article entitled "Evaluation of Portable Gas Chromatographs" in the Proceedings of the 1993 U.S. EPA/Air and Waste Management Association International Symposium, VIP-33, Volume 2, 1993.
	www.clu-in.org /PRODUCTS/SITE/camp/sri.htm (235 words)

	Title page for ETD etd-04012004-193144
		The development of the gas chromatograph and the recent microFAST gas chromatograph has greatly increased the amounts of data available to the legal system.
		A comparison of the mechanics of a conventional gas chromatograph to the microFAST gas chromatograph reveals that the two machines operate on the same basic theoretical principles.
		Since data produced by a conventional gas chromatograph is readily accepted by the legal system, this same standard of admissibility should be applied to the microFAST gas chromatograph.
	etd.lsu.edu /docs/available/etd-04012004-193144 (292 words)

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