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Topic: Gas compression heat pump

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	Gas compressor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume.
		As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of a gas, whereas the main result of a pump raising the pressure of a liquid is to allow the liquid to be transported elsewhere.
		Centrifugal compressors — a vaned rotating disk or impeller in a shaped housing forces the gas to the rim of impeller increasing the velocity of the gas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gas_compressor (1290 words)

	Heat pump - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Heat pumps are realized through several physical effects, but they are classified depending on their applications (driving energy, source and sink of heat, or a heat pump which is basically a refrigeration machine).
		Commercial heat pump technologies are currently in a stage of rapid improvement: the COP for commercially available heat pumps has risen in the last 5 years from 3 to 4 and even (in a few cases) 5.
		Because a ground-source heat pump draws heat from the ground (usually from groundwater), which below a depth of about 8 feet is at a relatively constant temperature year round, its COP is higher than for an air-source heat pump and its COP is constant year round.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Heat_pumps (1229 words)

	Heat pump
		Finally gas compression heat pumps using the Stirling cycle are commonly used to liquefy air in order to produce liquid nitrogen, oxygen, argon, etc. for industrial purposes.
		The gas is then pumped to the other side (the compressor) where it is compressed into a liquid, causing it to release its heat.
		The result is that on the end of the pump where the heat is dumped, we get the heat that was pumped from one side to the other plus the amount of heat that corresponds to the electrical power we used to run the engine (100 joules per second).
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/he/Heat_pump.html (574 words)

	Geothermal Heat Pumps.
		A heat pump is a machine which causes the heat to flow in a direction opposite of its natural tendency or "uphill" in terms of temperature.
		One of the most important characteristics of heat pumps, particularly in the context of home heating/cooling, is that the efficiency of the unit and the energy required to operate it are directly related to the temperatures between which is operates.
		In heat pump terminology, the difference between the temperature where the heat is absorbed (the "source") and the temperature where the heat is delivered (the "sink") is called the "lift." The larger the lift, the greater the power input required by the heat pump.
	www.soundgt.com /pumps.htm (754 words)

	Dry Vacuum Pump Systems
		The suction gas into the inlet of pump is compressed by rotation of rotors and transferred to the peripheral gas passage in just the outside of the casing.
		Then, the gas is divided into two portions, one portion is flowing into the back flow gas port of the 1st stage through the peripheral gas passage and another portion flows into the inlet of the 2nd stage.
		Heat radiation is carried out in the peripheral gas passage so that the compression heat produced in the casing is always removed to the outside of the casing while the casing is kept at an appropriate warm temperature.
	www.steriletech.com /dry-vacuum-pump-systems.htm (655 words)

	Air Source Heat Pump Water Heaters
		Since HPWHs have efficiencies greater than 100%, water heating efficiency for a HPWH is described by the coefficient of performance or COP, instead of using the term "efficiency." The water heating COP is the ratio of the useful water heating output to the electric energy input.
		The basic functional components of a heat pump water heater are the evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion device, as shown in Figure 1.
		Heat is transferred by the flow of refrigerant (currently HCFC-22 or HFC-134a), taking advantage of the large amount of heat absorbed and released when the refrigerant evaporates and condenses.
	cipco.apogee.net /ces/library/hpwhtrs.asp (1926 words)

	Portable chemical hydrogen hydride system - Patent 6544400
		Pumps may also be used with the inlet of the pumps located within the fuel-absorbing wick to make the pump effective in any position.
		The hydrogen gas 12 separates from the fuel 7 in the larger diameter of the reaction capillary tube 40.
		The gas pressure vent also serves the purpose that if this system is running on capillary pressure, driving the pressure of the produced hydrogen 12 the pressure of the void 36 may be set by the exterior pressure outside of the vent 37.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6544400.html (11322 words)

	Heat pump (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A heat pump moves energy in the form of heat from one point to another.
		Heat pumps are realized through several physical effects.
		Refrigerators, Air Conditioners and heating system are all common applications of heat pumps.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/h/he/heat_pump.html (110 words)

	Isentropic Compression or Expansion
		A pump, shown in green on the figure, is used to increase the pressure of the rocket.
		From the definitions of the specific heat coefficients, the specific heat at constant pressure cp minus the specific heat at constant volume cv is equal to the gas constant R:
		During the compression process, as the pressure is increased from p1 to p2, the temperature increases from T1 to T2 according to this exponential equation.
	exploration.grc.nasa.gov /education/rocket/compexp.html (757 words)

	Natural Gas Heating and Cooling
		Researchers at the BTC are involved in R&D that will lead to the commercialization of a new generation of advanced absorption cycle heat pumps and chillers for residential and commercial space conditioning.
		Heat pumps in use today are electrically driven, operating on the conventional vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, taking heat at a lower temperature and releasing it at a higher temperature.
		A major advantage of the heat pump over conventional furnaces is that it can deliver more than one unit of output energy per unit of input energy.
	www.ornl.gov /sci/btc/apps/natgashc.htm (334 words)

	Vacuum Pump Theory by SIHI -- Condit Company
		In a round pump body (A), a shaft mounted impeller (B) is positioned at a point eccentric to the centerline of the pump body.
		When pumping action is achieved, the gas mixture being handled is introduced to the impeller through the suction port (H), in the intermediate plate (E), causing a vacuum at the pump suction.
		The result is the compression of the gas mixture until it reaches the discharge port (J), located in the intermediate plate (K).
	www.conditcompany.com /sihitheory.shtml (308 words)

	Graham DRYFLO Dry Vacuum Pumps run without working fluids such as steam or water (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Gas at the same pressure as the exhaust port, but cooled to a lower temperature, is drawn into the pumping chamber.
		This gas mixes with the suction gas and causes the compression.
		The gas then goes through a cooler, part is transferred to the next stage, with the remainder returned via the re-cool port.
	www.graham-mfg.com /dpoverview.html (433 words)

	nash_elmo - Chemical (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The combination of heat and vacuum separates the crude oil into different components based on their boiling temperature.
		This application differs from vent gas recovery in that the vapors recovered are of a relatively fixed composition rather than a variable mixture.
		A single stage compressor system then compresses the gas for condensation and storage as a pressurized liquid.
	www.nash-elmo.com /english/industries-nash_elmo/chemical-vacuum-pumps-compressors.cfm?MainMenu=NavIndustries&TierMenu=TierChemical (507 words)

	HEAT - The Wiggle Wiggle Dance, - The Atomic Dance That Keeps Us Warm
		In the ordinary sense, heat is the measure of vibration between atoms in a molecule.
		LATENT HEAT: The additional heat required to change the state of a substance from solid to liquid at its melting point, or from liquid to gas at its boiling point, after the temperature of the substance has reached either of these points.
		It is possible to "Pump Heat" from one place to another, even if the destination is at a higher energy level than the source.
	www.hbci.com /~wenonah/new/heat.htm (1077 words)

	Heat Transfer & Thermodynamics engineering - temp of compressed nitrogen gas
		The liquid cryogen fluid is pumped at the desired pressure (usually 2,000 - 3,000 psig) and vaporized on its route towards the ultimate steel cylinders by a heat exchanger that is cooling the in-coming air feed.
		The only heat generated by this process is that of the expanding steel walls of the cylinders - but this is easily dissipated to the surrounding atmosphere before the termination of the "fill".
		The pump delivers Liquid Nitrogen (LIN) at the designated discharge pressure and passes it through a heat exchanger, where the liquid is vaporized with incoming feed air to the air separation cold box.
	www.eng-tips.com /viewthread.cfm?qid=130156&page=1 (1075 words)

	Geothermal Heat Pump Consortium, Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		heat exchanger that uses superheated gases from the heat pump’s compressor to heat water.
		As refrigerant is pumped through the loop, heat is transferred directly through the copper to the earth.
		Temperate water from the bottom of the well is withdrawn, circulated through the heat pump’s heat exchanger, and returned to the top of the water column in the same well.
	www.geoexchange.com /about/how.htm (2907 words)

	Mesoscopic Heat-Actuated Heat Pump
		An absorption heat pump is similar to a vapor-compression device except that compression is accomplished in the absorption heat pump through the use of a thermochemical compressor.
		When fuel, batteries for fan and pump power, and an air-cooled heat exchanger are added to the mesoscopic heat-actuated heat pump, the complete system weight is projected to be between 3.7 and 5.0 kg for an 8-hour mission.
		A correlation was developed between the four variables and heat pump COP using a regression analysis for all variables, cross products of the variables and squares of the variables.
	www.pnl.gov /microcats/aboutus/research/mesoheatpump.html (670 words)

	Methanol Reforming Based Hydrogen Gas Generator \| Hydrogen Gas Generator \| Products \| Airox Nigen Equipments
		This mixture is passed through evaporator, metering pump and then to super heater.
		The liquid from condensation and separation is the mixture of methanol and water, which are returned back to the feedstock tank for reuse.
		The reformed gas enters a set of PSA system, which separates all impurities through the adsorption and separation in one time.
	www.airoxnigen.com /hydrogen.htm (274 words)

	Non Electric Gas Powered Fluid Recovery Pump
		The Clark Reliance Non-Electric Fluid Recovery Pump provides substantial operating economies in the transfer of high temperature liquids such as condensate from a low point, low pressure, or vacuum to an area of higher pressure or elevation.
		The Clark Reliance Non Electric Pump is specifically designed to remove condensate under all operating conditions and provides the unique opportunity to solve all condensate handling problems.
		The pump is a self-contained unit using steam or other pressurized gas as its motive power.
	www.nciweb.net /non-electric-pump.htm (734 words)

	Heat Pumps
		A comprehensive, yet reader-friendly source of information about modern heat pump technology, as well as the vapor-compression refrigeration system on which it is based, Heat Pumps is the perfect choice for future service technicians.
		Subsequent chapters enable readers equipped with a basic understanding of how heat pumps operate to launch directly into detailed examination of the electrical circuits of the vapor-compression refrigeration system as well as the operation of individual system components.
		In addition to gaining exposure to different heat pump system configurations (including the increasingly popular geothermal system), dedicated troubleshooting chapters provide abundant opportunities to gain practice in applying the seven steps required for successful completion of every service call.
	www.electrical-contractor.net /The_Store/DE/Heat_Pumps.htm (544 words)

	FUEL
		I was surprised that the sugar did not dissolve in the gas but it was a pain in the neck to clean it all out.
		If the pump is driven by the cam (and I believe it is) it is possible but unlikely that the cam lobe is worn too much to allow it to pump properly.
		The ether that is added to the gas this time of year (supposedly to reduce CO emissions) is resulting in the deterioration of fuel lines seals and gaskets in older vehicles.
	www.willystech.com /faqs/Breakout/fuel.html (4874 words)

	IFE - High temperature compression/absorption heat pump
		The operation of the compression/absorption heat pump can effectively be tailored to the heat sink and heat source temperature fluctuations since the mixture’s component composition can be changed.
		The heat pump system is designed to simultaneously deliver heat at 95 °C and cooling at 5°C using waste heat of 50 °C as heat source, with a COP of 3.4.
		When the high temperature heat pump is used in the industrial market, the pay back time is expected to be from 2-5 years.
	www.ife.no /departments/energy_systems/projects/cahp?set_language=en&cl=en (515 words)

	PRESS RELEASE Encore Announces Letter of Intent with Valerus Compression Services, LLP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Valerus is a gas-handling specialist with technical and operational expertise in reciprocating and rotary gas compression for the pipeline industry.
		The MPG is also predicted to cost-effectively benefit the Oil Industry, generating new profits from old wells by harnessing the hydrothermal heat contained in the vast amounts of hot water produced by many of the world's oil and gas wells.
		Currently this produced hot water is a liability to oil or gas well owners because of the cost to pump and dispose of this wastewater back into injection wells.
	www.marketwire.com /mw/release_html_b1?release_id=113436 (644 words)

	Hydrocarbons Technology - YORK Process Systems - Process Refrigeration and Gas Compression Systems
		It can be supplied in a "bolt up" base configuration for direct connection to gas turbines, as complete drivelines, or as part of a total refrigeration system.
		First developed in 1955, the YORK M multistage centrifugal compressor is now operating in more than 3,500 installations worldwide (including more than 800 in hydrocarbon refrigeration and heat pump applications).
		Units are operating both onshore and offshore with motor, steam, and gas turbine drivers.
	www.hydrocarbons-technology.com /contractors/compressors/york (546 words)

	Wrenching with Rob--Chemical Soup: The Meaning of Gas.
		This important--but often overlooked--factor is described by the amount of heat required to vaporize the fuel, described by the 'enthalpy of vaporization' (H), or 'heat of vaporization' of the fuel.
		For two-strokes a fuel that vaporizes, drawing a maximum amount of heat from the engine, is essential--the small variations in horsepower produced by different fuels is only of second ary concern.
		The power obtained from pump gas is therefore often identical to that of racing fuels, and the only reason to run racing fuels would be detonation probl ems, or, since racing fuels are often more consistent than pump gas--which racers call "chemical soup"--a consistent reading of the spark plugs and exhaust pipe.
	www.motorcycle.com /mo/mcnuts/rt-fuel1.html (1113 words)

	DE Thermally Activated Technologies: Projects
		The GAX heat pump is up to 40% more efficient in heating than existing technologies, requires less maintenance, and uses environmentally friendly refrigerants.
		The GAX heat pump provides a major jump in energy efficiency in the heating mode, but not in the cooling mode, so it is marketable primarily in the middle and northern United States.
		The objective of this project is to develop commercially viable thermally activated residential and light commercial cooling and heating appliances capable of using natural gas, propane, or on-site-generated exhaust heat as a primary energy source.
	www.eere.energy.gov /de/thermally_activated/projects.html (1323 words)

	HEAT SIPHON® Scroll Compressor Option
		Heat Siphon is available in three basic sizes: 2.25HP, 3.25HP and 5HP.
		Heat Siphon is also available in 220 volt 50/60Hz three phase models as well as 440 volt 50/60Hz three phase and 380 volt export models.
		Higher Heat Output - Because there is no re-expansion of refrigerant gas during compression, SCROLL Heat Siphons will have a higher heat output at low air temperatures, where piston compressors heat output falls off.
	www.heatsiphon.com /options.html (320 words)

	Rheem Heat Pumps, York Heat Pumps, Lennox Heat Pumps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Generally speaking, the energy efficiency of a heat pump system depends more on the heat pump and system design than on the working fluid.
		Eleven of these compounds show potential as substitutes, and their properties suggest they could be applied for most refrigeration and heat pump applications.
		Ammonia is not yet used in high-temperature industrial heat pumps because there are currently no suitable high pressure compressors available (40 bar maximum).
	www.hannabery.com /hp101_2_pg4.shtml (1379 words)

	Compression Ratio for Pump Gas - Car Forums and Automotive Chat
		The problem is that the motor was previously running Alcohol so the compression ratio is somewhere between 12:1 and 14.5:1.
		08-25-2003, 09:50 AM I would not recommend running AV gas, although AV gas has a very high octane rating it is also a very slow burning fuel, it is designed to run in low compression engines at a constant rpm, the reason for the higher octane is the altitude.
		Running AV gas is a car engine will result in a very slow burn or flame front, power will be low, and overheating will often result from the delayed ignition.
	www.automotiveforums.com /t122895.html (1719 words)

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