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	Gas Meters
		Originally gas meters did not "know" the temperature of the gas flowing through them, so it was required to keep them in a consistent temperature range to keep the gas measurement consistent/accurate.
		Gas is typically colder than the air temperature in the summer and warmer than the air temperature during the winter.
		Our natural gas utility clients are also able to extend the value of the information Itron systems provide to deliver new rates and services, improve distribution system planning and maintenance, and to improve the accuracy of forecasting and nominations to more precisely manage supply and demand in today's increasingly volatile natural gas market.
	www.energytechpro.com /Demo-RES/Mechanical_Systems/Gas_Meters.htm (1804 words)

	fuel flow meters
		The ultrasonic time-of-flight gas flow meter is based on measurement of contra propagating ultrasonic pulses, in which the transit time of the sonic signal is measured along one or more diagonal paths in both the upstream and downstream directions.
		The flow of gas causes the time for the pulse traveling in the downstream direction to be shorter than for the upstream direction, and this time difference is a measure for the rate of the gas flow, see Fig.
		Generally, ultrasonic flare gas meters utilize transducers are mounted with the front centre point flush with the inner pipe wall for all pipe sizes from 6" to 72", see Fig.
	www.flowmeterdirectory.com /flowmeter_artc/flowmeter_artc_02021401.html (3441 words)

	Thermal gas flowmeter comprising a gas quality indicator patent invention
		The gas meter is operated, in the case of a non-combustible gas mixture, with calibration in mass or standard volume units (l/min) and, in the case of a combustible gas mixture, with calibration in energy units (kWh).
		Embodiments concern inter alia: measurement of a gas parameter (λ, α, c, η) of the gas or determining the gas type; gas quality sensor with an identical construction to thermal flow sensor; measuring intervals lengthened in the case of non-combustible gas and shortened in the case of combustible gas.
		The gas meter is therefore calibrated for calibration purposes during storage or when out of operation as mass flowmeter or, with additional density measurement, as volume flowmeter and for measuring or metering purposes as energy meter.
	www.freshpatents.com /Thermal-gas-flowmeter-comprising-a-gas-quality-indicator-dt20060817ptan20060179936.php (1738 words)

	About Your Meter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Your gas meter is a measuring device, which keeps track of how much gas you’ve used.
		New England Gas Company is responsible for maintaining and repairing its meters, to ensure accuracy and safe operation.
		If you have any doubts about someone who claims to be a New England Gas Company meter reader or service employee, obtain the meter reader's identification number from his or her badge and call us for verification.
	www.negasco.com /home/meter.php (365 words)

	Customer Gas Meter \| PNM
		For meter set locations near an operating window, PNM requires that the riser must be 36” from the operating side of the window.
		Meters may be set under a fixed non-operating window.
		The meter shall not be placed directly under a down spout due to the fact that the regulator could freeze if saturated with water during cold months.
	www.pnm.com /customers/construx/gas_meter.htm (187 words)

	Equitable Gas - Automated Meter Reading
		Equitable Gas is installing automated meter reading (AMR) equipment on natural gas meters for Pennsylvania customers to help record your energy usage more efficiently.
		Once the transmitter has been installed on your meter, we will be able to accurately and efficiently read your meter from a specially equipped vehicle.
		Meter readers will not be in your yard, and you no longer have to make arrangements for special meter reading access for cases such as indoor meters or locked fences.
	www.eqt.com /equitable_gas/amr.asp (468 words)

	Determining gas-meter accuracy
		Accurate metering of natural gas is more important than ever, so the Gas Research Institute (GRI) has sponsored the Metering Research Facility (MRF) at the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, Tex. The MRF evaluates and improves the performance of orifice, turbine, diaphragm, and ultrasonic meters as well as gas-sampling methods.
		Each of them captures gas in a large tank; by measuring the time over which the gas is collected and weighing it, the mass flow rate can be determined to an accuracy of about ±0.1 percent.
		Gas samples are routinely taken from pipelines to calculate the value of the gas, but extraction and transport methods may cause errors.
	www.memagazine.org /backissues/march97/features/gasmeter/gasmeter.html (408 words)

	City of Long Beach, CA - How to read your meter
		Since each compartment fills with just the same amount of gas every time, the measuring is very accurate and because one compartment is emptied as another is being filled, the flow of gas to your range or heater is smooth and uninterrupted.
		Natural gas is metered in hundred cubic feet- CCF and is sold to our customers in therms.
		The CCF registered by the meter are multiplied by the BTU rating of the gas to determine the number of therms billed.
	www.longbeach.gov /commercial/utility/read_meter.asp (546 words)

	Columbia Gas of Virginia - How to read your meter
		Your gas meter is an instrument that records, carefully and accurately, the amount of gas that enters your home.
		The meter measures the gas flowing through it and then records this flow of gas in the numbers on its dials.
		Take our meter reading test to see if you are ready to read your own gas meter.
	www.columbiagasva.com /my_account/how_read_meter.htm (320 words)

	METER READING
		Meter readers refuse to enter the easement and the utility company refuses to file a suit to enjoin such interference.
		The placement of fences around the gas utility easement is such an obstruction of the easement that the gas utility company may properly enjoin by court action.
		There is no court decision that would sustain a mandamus against the utiltiy company to move the meter onto private property, or even to move the meter onto private property in which the owner has granted a specific easement to the utility for that purpose.
	home.earthlink.net /~laanderson/gasmeter.htm (2030 words)

	Nashville Gas - FAQs
		The gas piping on the downstream side is then inspected in accordance with local codes.
		If a gas main is within close proximity of the new building, we will generally install a service line at no charge.
		Transportation service is when a customer purchases their own gas (commodity), arranges to have it delivered to Nashville Gas' city gate, and Nashville Gas delivers it to the customer's meter.
	www.nashvillegas.com /commercial/faqs (856 words)

	SEMCO ENERGY GAS COMPANY - Residential: Billing
		One factor is the amount of gas used (or estimated to have been used) during the billing period.
		If you read your meter on the day you receive your bill; you should find the reading you obtain to be somewhat higher than the one we used for billing.
		The dials on the gas meter register the amount of gas used in units of 100 cubic feet.
	www.semcoenergygas.com /resident/billing.html (1972 words)

	Clocking gas meter
		While a ‘fixed orifice’ timing chart can be used on low pressure (residential) gas meters, high pressure (commercial/industrial) gas meters require that a correction factor be used to convert this reading into standard cubic feet (SCF) based upon the gas pressure at the meter.
		The reality of using this method to determine actual Btu input is that occasionally gas meters have been found to not be accurately measuring the quantity of gas passing through the meter.
		Additionally, often meters are not located in close proximity to the boiler room which increases the amount of time and effort required to perform this procedure.
	www.bacharach-training.com /referpage/clocking_gas_meter.htm (318 words)

	Meter Reading
		The amount of electricity and gas you use is measured by meters which record kilowatt hours (kWh) for electricity and hundred cubic feet (Ccf) for gas.
		Basically, a meter is a small device with dials, which is located inside your home or on an outside wall, usually near the place where the utility service enters the building.
		With some electric meters, a note on the meter will tell you that to get an actual reading, you must multiply the reading obtained from the dials by a special number called a "meter multiplier" which is shown on the face of the meter.
	www.dps.state.ny.us /meter.html (960 words)

	Types of gas meters and how to read them
		These gas units need to be multiplied by approximately 31.3 to convert from the units used according to the meter or bill into kilowatt-hours.
		All meters used in the UK have to be approved and verified by Ofgem and meet certain accuracy limits before they can be used for billing.
		The owner of the meter has to ensure that the meter is accurate and if there is any dispute from either the consumer or the supplier as to the accuracy of a meter reading then Ofgem will provide a service to test and certify the meter.
	www.gas-guide.org.uk /meters.html (830 words)

	NETL: Oil & Natural Gas Projects
		The objectives of this project are to test ultrasonic meters for storage applications and to develop and test a prototype for a low-cost, inferential, energy flow rate meter for use within the natural gas storage infrastructure.
		Currently, natural gas flow rate is measured by orifice, turbine, and ultrasonic meters, whereas energy content is determined by a gas chromatograph.
		The ultrasonic meter has the potential to significantly reduce gas measurement costs at storage facilities since: (1) the number of meters and valves is reduced (as compared to orifice or turbine meter installations) because of its bi-directional capability and rangeability, and (2) maintenance costs should be substantially lower because there are fewer moving parts.
	www.netl.doe.gov /technologies/oil-gas/NaturalGas/Projects_n/TDS/Storage/STOR_A_33033UltrasonicMeter.html (1368 words)

	Piedmont Natural Gas - Automated Meter Reading - Overview
		Since 2005, Piedmont Natural Gas has converted many of our gas meters over to an Automated Meter Reading (AMR) system, a project we plan to complete in 2007.
		Your gas service is not interrupted by the installation and there is no charge for the procedure.
		Meter readers will not be in your yard, and you no longer have to make arrangements for special meter reading access for cases such as locked fences.
	www.piedmontng.com /eprise/main/piedmontng/amr/amrMain (360 words)

	Turning Your Gas Off
		The main gas service shutoff valve is located outside and can normally be found near the gas meter on a section of gas service pipe coming out of the ground.
		In these cases, the gas service shutoff valve can be located outside on a section of gas service pipe next to the building, near the gas meter, or in an underground box located in the sidewalk.
		If there are multiple meters serving gas to multiple units within a building, there are individual gas service shutoff valves for each unit near each of the gas meters, and a master valve for the entire building where the gas pipe comes out of the ground.
	www.pge.com /safety/gas_electric_safety_home/gas_safety/turning_gas_off (660 words)

	Intermountain Gas Company - How To Read Your Meter
		Your gas meter provides a very accurate measure of the amount of gas you have used.
		This meter reading is used to generate your gas bill.
		To determine how much gas you use in a particular billing period, read your meter on the date indicated on the 2006 Annual Estimated Meter Read Schedule and subtract your previous read (from your most current gas bill) to find the difference.
	www.intgas.com /aboutbilling/meterread.html (178 words)

	Gas Measurement Equipment Approved for Billing Purposes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Orifice meters shall be permissible in applications where the uncertainty of the orifice meter is less than 1.0% for all historical and/or expected sustained demand levels of gas flow.
		Calculation of flow through the orifice meter shall be performed as specified by AGA 3 using “real-time data” for differential pressure, static pressure, and flowing temperature.
		Orifice bore diameter and meter tube diameter shall be used in calculating flow as specified by AGA 3.
	www.psc.state.md.us /psc/gas/diaphragmmeters.htm (897 words)

	Reading Your Gas Meter
		To read a metric gas meter, read the numbers from left to right just as you would a car odometer.
		You may have an imperial gas meter, which has four dials in a row numbered in opposite directions, which measures gas in units of 100 cubic feet.
		If you are not able to allow Union Gas access to the premise, we can arrange a convenient schedule to read your gas meter.
	www.uniongas.com /home/youraccount/meterread.asp (386 words)

	Gas Meter Cabinets - Hide Gas Flow Meters with Gas Boxes, Meter Boxes, Gas Meter Cover at American Gas Products
		Gas Meter Cabinet can also be adapted to match the look of your home!
		While the Gas Meter Cabinet does not address all problems, it does get the gas meter up off of the ground, and that alone is a significant accomplishment.
		By placing the gas meter inside a cabinet, you now can utilize the space on the side of the house, an area that previously was not accessible.
	www.americangasproducts.com /Default3.html (425 words)

	Meter Protection
		To ensure the safe and efficient operation of natural gas equipment, Questar Gas reminds homeowners to keep snow from burying exhaust and intake vents, and from piling up on natural gas meters.
		All natural gas appliances, such as furnaces and water heaters, vent combustion byproducts to the outside, and many of these appliances get their combustion air from the outside.
		Significant accumulation of snow on the meter should be carefully cleared away to ensure its proper operation.
	www.questargas.com /AboutNaturalGas/EnergyTips/meterprotect.html (224 words)

	Flickr: Gas Meters
		I've yet to see two gas meters that are alike.
		Gas meters are the quintessential industrial object -- functional, strange, and rusty and crusty.
		Eventually gas meters will be replaced by something digital and sterile.
	www.flickr.com /groups/gasmeters (278 words)

	How to read your meter from the Athens Utilities Board
		Your meter is read monthly, and your consumption is determined by subtracting the previous month’s reading from the current month’s reading.
		Your gas meter measures the amount of cubic feet of natural gas you use in a given month.
		Well-maintained gas meters have proved to be over 99 percent accurate.
	www.aub.org /cs_meters.php (579 words)

	Southwest Gas Corporation - How to Read Your Gas Meter
		Although our meter readers read more than one million meters each month, they are still able to maintain an accuracy rate of 99.98 percent.
		Your gas meter is read from a row of four to six dials, such as those shown below.
		While the number of dials on your meter may vary, the procedure for reading them is the same.
	www.swgas.com /residential/howto/meter.php (586 words)

	Reading Your Gas Meter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Your gas meter is an accurate automatic measuring instrument.
		Your gas meter is read monthly, and your consumption is determined by subtracting the previous month's meter reading from the current month's reading.
		The part of a meter that shows the amount of gas used is called an index.
	www.nagd.com /meter.htm (293 words)

	Columbia Gas of Ohio, Your Business, New Business Services
		Gas Pipeline Installation Standards (Plumbers Guide), Materials Manual, and Meter Setting Drawings are available at on this website.
		If your construction is located within an area requiring a city inspection prior to gas service being established in the building, a city building inspection sticker or report needs to be available at your site prior to requesting a gas meter being set.
		If your construction is located outside an area requiring a city inspection prior to gas service being established in the building, a house line with at least one appliance drop must be installed before you contact Columbia Gas for a meter.
	www.columbiagasohio.com /business/services (1135 words)

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