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Topic: Gas to liquid

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	States of Matter
		The motion of solids and the reaction to external forces are described by Newton's Laws of Motion.
		Scientists refer to the large scale motion of the gas as the macro scale and the individual molecular motions as the micro scale.
		A plasma is a fluid, like a liquid or gas, but because of the charged particles present in a plasma, it responds to and generates electro-magnetic forces.
	exploration.grc.nasa.gov /education/rocket/state.html (726 words)

	Garg Scientific Glass Industries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The gas may be dispersed in two ways, either using a stirrer or using a Garg gas-mixing valve which is described in detail Heat may be supplied or removed from the system through the jacket of the reactor or in a heat exchanger in the recycle line.
		Gas is introduced at the base of the column through a gas manifold, or alternatively using a Garg gas-mixing valve, the gas may be recycled if required.
		In the case of the column with variable bubble layer height, the liquid outlets are completely flooded and provided with restrictions which make it possible to adjust the heights of the bubble formation layers independently of the gas and liquid loadings.
	gargscientific.com /gasliquid.htm (1212 words)

	States of Matter
		Liquids and gases are called fluids because they can be made to flow, or move.
		Scientists refer to the large scale motion of the gas as the macro scale and the individual molecular motions as the micro scale.
		A plasma is a fluid, like a liquid or gas, but because of the charged particles present in a plasma, it responds to and generates electro-magnetic forces.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/K-12/airplane/state.html (726 words)

	Gas-liquid chromatography - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), or simply gas chromatography (GC), is a type of chromatography in which the mobile phase is a carrier gas, usually an inert gas such as helium or nitrogen, and the stationary phase is a microscopic layer of liquid on an inert solid support, inside glass or metal tubing, called a column.
		Although the carrier gas sweeps the analyte molecules through the column, this motion is inhibited by the adsorption of the analyte molecules either onto the column walls or onto packing materials in the column.
		Which gas to use is usually determined by the detector being used, for example, a DID requires helium as the carrier gas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gas-liquid_chromatography (2810 words)

	Gas/Liquid Separator for Microgravity
		Liquid is prohibited from exiting the separator through the gas vent.
		When a mixture of gas and liquid enters the separator in the volume between the cones, the liquid is forced to the outside through the holes in the spinning cones and into the cylindrical chamber.
		The gas in the separator forms a distinct core at the center of the inner cone.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/RT2001/6000/6728hoffmann.html (641 words)

	Mauritz - Diffusion Research
		Gas separations, based on selective permeation through polymers, were first commercially utilized by Monsanto Co. in 1977 for the recovery of H2 gas from an industrial gas stream.
		The selectivity of the membrane to specific gas or liquid molecules is subject to the ability of the molecules to diffuse through the membrane.
		In Figure 4, a gas or liquid molecule is depicted as moving through a membrane through the forced rearrangement of the polymer chains.
	www.psrc.usm.edu /mauritz/diffuse.html (1104 words)

	Design of circular liquid or gas pipes software using Darcy Weisbach (Moody diagram) head loss equation
		This is a common assumption in fluid mechanics and is based on the fact that a reservoir has a large surface area.
		Therefore, the liquid level drops very little even if a lot of liquid flows out of the reservoir.
		A reservoir may physically be a lake or a large diameter tank.
	www.lmnoeng.com /DarcyWeisbach.htm (778 words)

	GAS & LIQUID TRANSMISSION PIPELINES \| Infrastructure
		For all natural gas pipeline companies, the total investment in 1998 was $63.1 billion, from which total revenue of $13.6 billion was generated.
		For liquid pipeline companies, the investment was $30.2 billion, from which revenue of $6.9 billion was generated.
		At an estimated replacement cost of $643,800 per km ($1,117,000 per mi), the asset replacement value of the transmission pipeline system in the United States is $541 billion; therefore a significant investment is at risk with corrosion being the primary factor in controlling the life of the asset.
	www.corrosioncost.com /infrastructure/gasliquid/index.htm (317 words)

	Handheld gas, liquid sensors InTech - Find Articles
		While the current technology is too cumbersome for this kind of rapid detection and response, new advances in liquid and gas phase chemical sensing may lead to the development of palm-sized sensing tools that can provide the instant detection needed.
		Gas sensing done this way requires a sample of only one milliliter of gas, compared to few hundreds of milliliters for other techniques using regular multi-pass gas cells, he added.
		As with the gas devices, the quantum cascade lasers vastly increase the sensitivity of liquid phase chemical detection at the surface of this waveguide.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3739/is_200509/ai_n15638403 (465 words)

	Liquid Fuel Metering for Gas Turbines
		The Liquid Shutoff Valve 25 is a three-way valve designed to rapidly shut off all liquid fuel flow and prevent leakage to the turbine.
		The 1907 large liquid fuel valve accurately meters liquid fuel to a gas turbine during acceleration, steady-state operation, and deceleration.
		Woodward's LQ series of liquid fuel metering valves are designed for use on industrial and aero-derivative gas turbine engines in the 1,000 kW to 42,000 kW output power range.
	www.woodward.com /ic/gastur/product2.cfm (458 words)

	Gas to liquids - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gas to liquids or GTL is a refinery process to convert natural gas or other gaseous hydrocarbons into longer-chain hydrocarbons.
		Methane-rich gases are converted into liquid fuels either via direct conversion or via syngas as an intermediate, for example using the Fischer Tropsch process.
		The process may also be used for the economic extraction of gas deposits in locations where it is not economic to build a pipeline.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gas_to_liquid (159 words)

	GAS-Liquid Mass Transfer Application
		Historically, oxygen has been the transferred gas of interest, and the "oxygen uptake rate" (OTR) is a well-known measure of the volumetric gas mass-transfer rate.
		In this case, the synthesis gas is the transferred gas.
		Consequently, microbubble dispersions consisting of almost 70% (by volume) gas are stable enough to be pumped from a small vessel where they are formed into the bioreactor.
	www.egr.msu.edu /biotech/gas.htm (858 words)

	Chevron - Liquid Natural Gas
		The world has enormous quantities of natural gas, but much of it is located in areas far from where the gas is needed.
		LNG is natural gas that has been cooled to -260F, changing it from a gas into a liquid 1/600th its original volume.
		Throughout the process of converting natural gas to and from LNG, stringent safety and security measures are employed.
	www.chevron.com /about/our_businesses/lng.asp (540 words)

	Lasers Key to Handheld Gas and Liquid Sensors
		Tiny liquid phase sensors at strategic points in the city’s water mains detect the chemical as it passes and tell a computer to close down the affected pipes.
		But new advances in liquid and gas phase chemical sensing being made at the Georgia Institute of Technology may lead to the development of palm-sized sensing tools that can provide the instant detection needed to stop such an attack.
		For the gas sensing modules, Mizaikoff and his student Christy Charlton use a photonic band gap hollow waveguide (developed by OmniGuide),essentially a hollow, flexible tube, to both contain very small amounts of the air being sampled and assist in sensing.
	www.physorg.com /news5616.html (1169 words)

	Gases, Liquids, and Solids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Gases, liquids and solids are all made up of atoms, molecules, and/or ions, but the behaviors of these particles differ in the three phases.
		liquid are close together with no regular arrangement.
		Liquids and solids are often referred to as condensed phases because the particles are very close together.
	www.chem.purdue.edu /gchelp/liquids/character.html (156 words)

	Mid-IR Gas and Liquid Cells
		For liquid analysis without dilution and determination of absorption coefficient.
		Liquid Cell, Demountable with Metal Closures and TEFLON Seals (A 145)
		For qualitative and quantitative liquid analysis and flow through measurements.
	www.brukeroptics.com /accessories/catalog/MIR/ir_cells.html (222 words)

	Solid-Liquid-Gas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This shape will determine why things are a solid, a liquid, or a gas.
		Below is an illustration of H20 as a gas, a liquid, and a solid.
		The middle H20 is a liquid or water.
	www.particlemechanics.com /solid_liquid_gas.htm (977 words)

	Gas Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone(GLCC) Inlet Device - NATCO
		The momentum of the process fluid combined with the tangential inlet generates a liquid vortex with sufficient G-forces for bulk gas and liquid separation to rapidly occur.
		Passive Separation: (No active control) Gas and liquid are recombined downstream of the GLCC at an elevation that is the same as the liquid level desired in the GLCC.
		Typical performance levels from the GLCC are 0.5—2.0 gallons of liquid per MMscf in the gas outlet and 0—5% gas in the liquid outlet.
	www.natcogroup.com /Content.asp?t=ProductPage&ProductID=79 (417 words)

	NREL: Nonpetroleum Based Fuels - Gas-to-Liquid Fuels
		Interest in gas-to-liquid (GTL) or Fischer-Tropsch diesel (F-T) fuels has increased in recent years because of their potential to displace imported petroleum.
		GTL fuels are created when gaseous fuels such as natural gas or biogas are converted to liquid fuels that can be refined into gasoline and diesel.
		GTL diesel fuels have been shown to reduce regulated exhaust emissions from a variety of diesel engines and vehicles.
	www.nrel.gov /vehiclesandfuels/npbf/gas_liquid.html (275 words)

	Gas & Liquid Handling
		process vacuum and gas compression with solvent recovery
		Corrosive and abrasive liquids and gases can be very demanding on CPI equipment, reducing service life and increasing maintenance and operating costs.
		Vacuum generation, solvent recovery, gas compression and fugitive emissions control can be addressed with our skid-mounted vacuum and gas handling packages.
	www.ddpsinc.com /GasLiquid.htm (177 words)

	Oxygen Gas Plant India, Liquid Oxygen Gas Plant, Oxygen Plants Factory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Similarly the liquid nitrogen called POOR LIQUID enters into top column as a reflux and it takes away the latest heat of condensing Oxygen and gets vapourised whereas the liquid Oxygen flows down the trays of the TOP COLUMN into the Condenser passes through a SUB-COOLER to a LIQUID OXYGEN PUMP.
		Liquid oxygen pump pumps Liquid Oxygen through heat exchanger no. II and I, where liquid Oxygen gets gasified before filling in Cylinders in the FILLING MANIFOLD.
		The pure bone dry Oxygen gas at ambient temperature and high pressure is filled into OXYGEN CYLINDERS through manifold valves by means of the highly efficient reciprocating LIQUID OXYGEN PUMP.
	www.oxygenplant.net /applarea.htm (447 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Gas-to-liquid technology benefits Singapore's oil industry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The gas-to-liquid process or GTL for short, churns out petroleum products using gas rather than crude oil.
		It has the potential to turn untapped gas reserves into billions of barrels of oil.
		So GTL is now seen as a viable alternative.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/nts52714.htm (346 words)

	Solid Liquid Gas - Intelligent Recordings
		Solid Liquid Gas illuminates some of the darker paths folks fear approaching after the sun sets and mutates across the spectrum of DnB knowns.
		After college, the ideas behind Solid Liquid Gas slowly fermented through a stretch of DJ assignments and frenzied record collecting.
		Both tracks on his debut 12” as Solid Liquid Gas encompassed Keith’s passion for creating something new and energetic for his decks and yours.
	www.silvergirl.com /SolidLiquidGas.html (423 words)

	Liquid and Gas Turbine Flowmeters
		Liquid turbine flowmeters for accurate liquid flow measurement.
		Low flow liquid turbine flowmeters in all PVDF and extreme low flow liquid turbine flow meters up to 5,000 psi in combinations of materials like Teflon, Nylon, Stainless Steel depending on the application.
		Industrial Process Liquid and Gas Turbine Flowmeter - GL and GX Highly accurate, repeatable gas and liquid turbine flow meters for medium to high flow rate applications.
	www.jlcinternational.com /turbine_flowmeters_1.htm (246 words)

	Universal Industrial Gases, Inc. - UIG Gas & Liquid Plants - UCG Industrial Gases ...
		UIG oxygen plants, nitrogen plants, and other industrial gas plants are shipped world-wide, ready for installation, or supplied turnkey, with installation and commissioning by UIG.
		UIG is a worldwide supplier of new air separation plants and reconditioned used plants producing gas and liquid Nitrogen (N2), Oxygen (O2) and Argon for industrial gas users and liquid distributors.
		A designer, manufacturer, fabricator and builder of cryogenic air separation plants and liquefiers; UIG also supplies non-cryogenic nitrogen PSA plants, liquid CO2 plants, cryogenic storage tanks, and provides associated engineering, installation, operation and maintenance services.
	www.uigi.com (406 words)

	LIQUID BOOT® - Gas Vapor Barriers
		Former use as a landfill left residual methane gas contamination in the soil.
		The Environmental Waste Management Association, along with LBI Technologies, Inc, designed a mitigation system which consisted of the LIQUID BOOT® gas vapor membrane system.
		LIQUID BOOT® Approved Applicator, Edgeboro International, spray-applied LIQUID BOOT® gas vapor membrane onto a geotextile fabric under the slab provided an impermeable gas vapor barrier that will keep methane out of the building.
	www.liquidboot.com /gv/cs_cosco_warehouse.php (110 words)

	Solid, Liquid, and Gas Waste (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Definition: Solid, liquid, or gaseous by-products resulting from human biological processes, manufacturing, materials processing, comsumption of goods, or any other human activity.
		1.1.2.4.2.2 Construction Waste: Solid and liquid waste resulting from the construction of new buildings or the demolition of old ones.
		1.1.2.4.2.7 Oil and Gas Waste: All solid, liquid, and gaseous waste resulting from the discovery, extraction, and processing of oil and natural gas.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /iwgsdi/Solid_Liquid_Gas_Waste.html (446 words)

	Liquid Products Home
		specialized for liquid petroleum custody transfer applications, offer modular construction, linear control and low pressure drop, which lower the cost of ownership.
		which are equally at home in either oil or gas environments, offer a range of features that will help increase productivity while reducing costs.
		Systems offer the latest state-of-the-art computer technology combined with decades of gas and liquid measurement expertise for the finest in turnkey metering systems available today.
	www.daniel.com /products/liquid/productlevel1.htm (186 words)

	Industrial air, liquid & gas filters, drinking water filter cartridges & housings - Keystone Filter
		Industrial air, liquid & gas filters, drinking water filter cartridges & housings - Keystone Filter
		Keystone Filter Division is one of the premier custom pleaters and cartridge manufacturers in the United States.
		They are also a major producer of industrial liquid filters and home drinking water filters.
	www.met-pro.com /html/key.htm (69 words)

	Liquid -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics
		A phase of matter which has definite volume but no definite shape.
		Balucani, U. and Zoppi, M. Dynamics of the Liquid State.
		Egelstaff, P. An Introduction to the Liquid State, 2nd ed.
	scienceworld.wolfram.com /physics/Liquid.html (100 words)

	Become.com - Shop results for gas grill liquid propane
		Weber Q 300 Liquid Propane Outdoor Grill - 426001
		For the serious outdoor chef who wants to cook it all on one grill, Weber’s D6 grill has a full 57,600 BTU primary burner, a commercial-grade...
		Professional Series 30 Free-Standing Grill While the original Lynx gas grill was lauded as the finest gas grill ever produced the new line of...
	www.become.com /shop?q=gas+grill+liquid+propane (321 words)

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