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	Learn more about Rio de Janeiro in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Rio de Janeiro ("River of January") is the name of both a state and a city in southeastern Brazil.
		The bay where Rio de Janeiro is located (Guanabara) was discovered by Europeans on January 1, 1502, by a Portuguese explorer Gaspar de Lemos; he named it "Rio" because he thought it was a river mouth rather than a bay.
		Rio de Janeiro was Brazil's capital from 1764 to 1960, when the government was transferred to Brasilia, but remains the second biggest city in the country, after São Paulo.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /r/ri/rio_de_janeiro.html (773 words)

	Gaspar de Lemos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gaspar de Lemos (15th century), Portuguese explorer and captain of the supply ship of Pedro Álvares Cabral's fleet that discovered Brazil.
		Sent back to Portugal with news of their discovery, he was credited by the Viscount of Santarém as having discovered the Fernando de Noronha archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean.
		Although protected by Brazil's environment watchdog (Ibama), Fernando de Noronha is now a famous destination for tourists in Brazil.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gaspar_de_Lemos (118 words)

	Real Estate in Brazil - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
		Gaspar de Lemos; he named it "Rio" because he thought it was a river mouth rather than a bay.
		Favelas, as is the case for the ghettos of New York or Chicago, are often troubled by drug related crime and gang warfare.
		PUC-Rio (http://www.puc-rio.br/) - the Pontifical University of Rio de Janeiro
	realestateinbrazil.com /Rio-de-Janeiro (1379 words)

	Talk:Rio de Janeiro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Estácio de Sá turns up in the story here, rather than at the foundation, as the leader of the Portuguese forces who was mortally wounded in the battle.
		First, the PT article says that Rio de Janeiro was founded by Estácio de Sá (not Mem de Sá) to drive out the French from the region (this is true, and Estácio de Sá was a relative of Mem de Sá).
		I'm am from Rio de Janeiro, and as all other natives from Rio de Janeiro, we all know that Rio de Janeiro was discovered by Gaspar de Lemos.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Rio_de_Janeiro (2076 words)

	WorldTravelGate.net® - The History of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
		Rio de Janeiro was discovered two years later by a Portuguese called Gaspar de Lemos.
		Lemos gave the name Rio de Janeiro because he thought he was in a river Rio, he was actually in a bay, his discovery occurred in the month of January (Janeiro).
		Rio De Janeiro, with 6 forts, was the place where the Gold was loaded in the ships to go to Portugal.
	www.americatravelling.net /brazil/rio_de_janeiro/rio_de_janeiro_history.htm (555 words)

	Brazil - Rio de Janeiro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		From this it was supposed that knowledge of the existence of the island dated from the expeditions which passed near them during Lent in 1500, 1501, or 1502.
		The Viscount of Santarem attributed the discovery to Gaspar de Lemos, the captain of the supply ship in Cabral's fleet, sent back to Portugal in 1500 with the news of the discovery of Santa Cruz (Brazil).
		However, Gaspar's ship did not pass through the area of Fernando de Noronha during Lent; rather, after sailing the coast of Brazil and cutting brazilwood, Gaspar could have sighted the archipelago on June 24, the day of the festival of St. John, whose name he could have given to the island.
	koti.mbnet.fi /epals/Brazil/fernando.htm (151 words)

	Background Info \| Rio de Janeiro Travel Information \| Lonely Planet Destination Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Gaspar de Lemos set sail from Portugal for Brazil in 1501 and entered a huge bay in January 1502.
		However, the victorious French were brought down a few notches when two of their returning ships, filled with gold, were lost in treacherous storms.
		In 1808 the entire Portuguese monarchy and court arrived in Rio, and so it was that the city came to house what was left of the Portuguese Empire.
	www.lonelyplanet.com /worldguide/destinations/south-america/brazil/rio-de-janeiro/essential?a=culture (804 words)

	* Irene's Country Corner * - Brasil - Chronological Events
		Gaspar de Lemos sails for Portugal in order to inform the King the discovery of the new land.
		Under the command of Martim Afonso de Sousa, 400 Portuguese sail for Brazil to explore the coast, expel the French and begin the settlements.
		On October 12, Dom Pedro returns to Rio de Janeiro and is proclaimed the first emperor of Brazil and named Dom Pedro I. On December 1, Dom Pedro I is crowned.
	www.irenescorner.com /home/braziliancorner/chronology (2186 words)

	Fernando de Noronha History
		In 1534, the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago was invaded by the English, and from 1556 until 1612, it was held by the French.
		In 1822, Col. Luis de Moura Accioli assumed command of Fernando de Noronha and the island continued as a part of Pernambuco, its internal affairs administered by Pernambuco's Ministry of War.
		Today, Fernando de Noronha survives on tourism, restricted by the limitations of its delicate ecosystem, and traditional fishing, the catch being returned to the island for local consumption.
	www.noronha.com.br /history.htm (1532 words)

	Rio de Janeiro - Voyager, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The area where Rio de Janeiro is now was reached in January of 1502 by Portuguese explorers in an expedition led by Portuguese explorer Gaspar de Lemos.
		Rio de Janeiro's waterfront and the Morro de Castello, from the Ilha das Cobras in 1919, by Harriet Chalmers Adams
		Rio de Janeiro is also a paradise for rock climbers, with hundreds of routes all over the town, ranging from easy boulders to highly technical big wall climbs, all inside the city.
	www.voyager.in /Rio_de_Janeiro (2806 words)

	Ilhabela
		It is situated 5 km off the coastline of São Paulo, 200 km southwest of São Paulo city and 340 km from the city of Rio de Janeiro.
		The strong winds blowing onto the south face of the Island, cause waves of up to 5 meters, casting the ships onto the razor sharp rocks hidden under the water's surface along its wild coast.
		Out of the dozens of wrecks reported since 1894, the most notable case is that of the Spanish transatlantic steamer Príncipe de Astúrias.
	www.brazadv.com /brazil_tours/ilhabela.asp (457 words)

	Rio de Janeiro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The bay where Rio de Janeiro is (Guanabara) was discovered by Europeans on January 1 1502 by a Portuguese explorer Gaspar de Lemos; he named "Rio" because he thought it was a mouth rather than a bay.
		The city of Rio de Janeiro was on March 1 1565 in honour to King Sebastian.
		Rio de Janeiro was Brazil's capital from 1764 to 1960 when the government was transferred to Brasília but remains the second biggest city the country after São Paulo.
	www.freeglossary.com /Rio_de_Janeiro (1245 words)

	Diving Passport
		Its discovery was attributed to Gaspar de Lemos, captain of Cabral’s supply fleet.
		Fernando de Noronha was administered by the Brazilian Navy until 1981, by the Brazilian Air Force until 1986 and by the High Command of the Armed Forces until 1987.
		In December of 1995, a constitution for the archipelago was promulgated and in March of 1996 the first elections were carried out by the district town council, a representative board that is the local government of the archipelago.
	www.divingpassport.com /destinations/noronha/noronha-history.htm (648 words)

	Portuguese Tours - Tourism info for Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, Carnival, Iguassu Falls, Salvador & Bahia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		On arrival in the month of January, Lemos understandably thought that Rio de Janeiro's bay was the mouth of a river, and named the region accordingly: River of January.
		Rio de Janeiro held its ground until Brasilia was inaugurated as the capital of the republic in 1960.
		It is impossible to ignore the beach when dealing with Rio de Janeiro; it is an integral part of the life of the residents of the city, their playground, their gym, their meeting place and their eating and drinking place.
	www.portuguesetours.com /destination/brazil/index.asp?dest=riodejaneiro_info (2388 words)

	Tomás de Lemos
		Tomás de Lemos fue llamado a Roma después del Capítulo General de mayo de 1600, empezando a actuar públicamente en la Congregación de los Divinos Auxilios del 23 de enero de 1601.
		Tomás de Lemos defendió la nulidad de la profesión de ese religioso por haberla emitido antes de los dieciséis años de edad, pero debía ser considerado como profeso tácito por sus actos positivos en la vida religiosa; esta sentencia fue aceptada por casi todos los consejeros.
		Se dice ahí que pasan por alto a los Padres Tomás de Lemos y Pedro Zaragoza de Heredia, “pues su vida integérrima, sus obras gloriosas y su preciosa muerte se dieron a conocer por separado en unas relaciones breves, impresas, distribuidas por toda la Orden[22]”.
	www.angarmegia.com /tomas_lemos.htm (4415 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pedralvarez Cabral
		He was the third son of Fernao Cabral, Governor of Beira and Belmonte, and Isabel de Gouvea, and married Isabel de Castro, the daughter of the distinguished Fernando de Noronha.
		He must have had an excellent training in navigation and large experience as a seaman, for King Emmanuel of Portugal considered him competent to continue the work of Vasco da Gama, and in the year 1500 placed him in command of a fleet which was to set sail for India.
		The authorities for the voyage of discovery of Cabral are contained in the reports of eyewitnesses, especially in the letter of VAZ DE CAMINHA to King Emmanuel, of which the original was discovered in 1790.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03128a.htm (759 words)

	Gaspar_de_Lemos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Gaspar de Lemos (Seculo XV), Navegador português que comandava um dos barcos da frota de Pedro Álvares Cabral, que descobriu o Brasil em 22 de abril de 1500.
		Partiu de Lisboa em 10 de maio de 1501 e voltou a 7 de setembro de 1502.
		Este fidalgo talvez descenda de família morgada, originária do reino de Leão, que veio a Portugal no reinado de Afonso IV (1325-1357), que recebeu terras e constituiu morgados sob D.
	enciclopedia.tiosam.com /enciclopedia/enciclopedia.asp?title=Gaspar_de_Lemos (602 words)

	Continente Multicultural - Matérias
		The Viscount of Santarém attributed its discovery to Gaspar de Lemos, who was thought to have sighted the island on June 24, 1500 on an expedition in search of the red Brazil wood.
		On February 16, 1504, Fernão de Loronha came to command the lands given him by Dom Manuel I. The islands were twice invaded by the Dutch: in 1628, for two years and in 1635, for 19 years.
		In 1700, the Fernando de Noronha province was returned to the Portuguese crown and became a dependency of Pernambuco.
	www.continentemulticultural.com.br /revista998/materia.asp?m=special&s=5 (232 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		GASPAR, A. (1985) - Escavações arqueológicas na Rua de N. Sra.
		O Salvamento de Bracara Augusta, I Encontro Nacional de Arqueologia Urbana, Setúbal, Trabalhos de Arqueologia, 3, Lisboa, pp.
		LEMOS, F. Entre 1976 e 1996: breve evocação de duas décadas de actividade arqueológica em Braga, Forum, Braga, pp.
	www.walhello.info /search?key=manuel+rui+costa&cache=C00002987475456&vert=1 (270 words)

	Enciclopedia - Rio de Janeiro (ciudad)
		Rio de Janeiro ("Río de Enero") es el nombre del Estado y también de una de las más conocidas ciudades de Brasil.
		La bahía en la que se ubica el centro de la ciudad de Rio de Janeiro (Guanabara) fue descubierta por los europeos el 1 de enero de 1502, por el explorador portugués Gaspar de Lemos; quien la denominó "Rio" porque pensó que se trataba de la boca de un río en lugar de una bahía.
		La ciudad de Río de Janeiro fue fundada el 1 de marzo de 1565.
	www.enciclopedia.com /es/r/ri/rio_de_janeiro__ciudad_.php (180 words)

	Brazil: history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		General Eurico Gaspar Dutra won the presidential election in December that year while Vargas was elected to a seat in the Senate.
		The military junta appointed General Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco head of government for the remainder of the constitutional period, but his mandate was later extended until 1967.
		Collor de Mello, a young politician who had begun his career under the military regime, won the second round with 42.75 per cent to his opponent's 37.86 per cent of the vote.
	gbgm-umc.org /country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=221 (4934 words)

	Deutsch-Brasilianischen Industrie-und Handelskammern Rio de Janeiro
		Salvador was, at that time, the capital of the colony, but the increased importance of Rio’s port ensured that the seat of power was transferred south to the city which would be the intellectual and cultural centre of the country right up until the present day.
		Rio de Janeiro held its ground until Brasília was inaugurated as the capital of the republic in 1960.
		Despite the loss of the diplomatic representations and government offices, Rio de Janeiro, now the t.capital of the State of Rio de Janeiro, remains the cultural and social centre of the country.
	www.ahkbrasil.com /rj/deutsche/historia.asp (535 words)

	Rio De Janeiro
		Rio de Janeiro was discovered two years later by a Portuguese man called Gaspar de Lemos.
		Lemos gave the name Rio de Janeiro because 1.)he thought he was in a river (Rio), he was actually in a bay, 2.) his discovery occurred in the month of January.
		Discovered By: Rio de Janeiro, was discovered on January 1, 1502 by Portuguese navigators who mistook the entrance of Guanabara Bay for the mouth of a river.
	www.east-buc.k12.ia.us /01_02/Cities/RDJ/rdj.htm (557 words)

	Rio de Janeiro - DestinWorld Guide
		In January 1502, Portuguese Explorer, Gaspar de Lemos, mistook the Guanabara Bay for a river and named the region Rio de Janeiro.
		It could well have been called Baía de Janeiro had he known the geography of the land.
		Rio de Janeiro has an abundance of music, culture and art; sand, sea and surf; pleasure, leisure and relaxation.
	www.destinworld.com /destinations/southamerica/brazil/rioindex.htm (220 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Por volta de 1880, o marco foi redescoberto pelos moradores locais, e em 1928 o historiador Câmara Cascudo constatou que a pedra estava sendo destruída aos poucos pelos moradores do vilarejo de Cauã.
		O lugar continua sendo motivo de polêmica até hoje, pois muita gente continua raspando o monumento para fazer o tal chá milagroso.
		Há, também, casos de famílias que depositam ali os ossos de parentes falecidos.
	www.folhadamanha.com.br /10/03/vt27tus.htm (397 words)

	History
		Before hitting land, he claimed the area of Monte Pascoal, later the land was called Terra de Vera Cruz meaning Land of the True Cross.
		Shortly after, another expedition that was led by Gaspar de Lemos in 1501, they were sent to Terra de Vera Cruz by the Portuguese government.
		The name Terra de Vera Cruz was later changed to Santa Cruz meaning Holy Cross, then at last to Brazil meaning brazil wood, tree abundant on the region.
	www.angelfire.com /dc2/brazilataglance/history.htm (259 words)

	Travel: Let your feet follow the beat
		In Rio de Janeiro, mountains seem to burst randomly through the cityscape, as this view from Ipanema Beach shows.
		Rio de Janeiro is a city of co-existing extremes: wealth and opulence adjoin poverty and squalor; sensuality shares space with spirituality; courtesy counterbalances crime.
		In 1962, smitten by the daily passage of a young girl on her way to the beach, Jobim and Vinicius de Moraes sat in the Veloso Bar and wrote The Girl from Ipanema, a song of lust and longing.
	www.sptimes.com /2005/01/09/Travel/Let_your_feet_follow_.shtml (2218 words)

	Sugarloaf / sl09.jpg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Inhabitants of Rio de Janeiro, or Cariocas, love their marvellous city.
		In 1502 Gaspar de Lemos entered a huge bay in January.
		Thinking he had found the entrance to a river, he named the area "Rio de Janeiro," or River of January.
	homepages.wmich.edu /~blaisure/brazil2005/slides/sugarloafslides/pages/sl09_jpg.htm (42 words)

	Brazil - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This expansion reached the slopes of the Andes mountain range and, from north to south, from the Amazon to the Río de la Plata.
		In 1960, the federal capital, previously at Rio de Janeiro, was transferred to the new city.
		Tancredo de Almeida Neves, governor of Minas Gerais, was the chief co-ordinator of the opposition front.
	gbgm-umc.org /country_profiles/countries/bra/History.stm (6014 words)

	Descobrimento do Brasil
		Não era então somente a glória militar ou a busca romanesca de aventuras, ou ainda o desejo de dilatar a fé católica, que impeliam os portugueses às suas grandiosas expedições marítimas, em que singravam "mares nunca dantes navegados", intimoratos aos perigos, insensíveis às provações.
		Após uma longa peregrinação através da Itália, Terra Santa, Egito e vários outros países, teria resolvido permanecer em Gôa, na Índia, ali adquirindo prestígio e vindo a ocupar a função de capitão-mór de uma armada pertencente a um rico mouro na ilha de Arquediva.
		Não tendo conseguido burlar a perspicácia de Vasco da Gama, este depressa forçou-o a confessar que tinha sob suas ordens quarenta navios com instruções de Saboya para, na primeira oportunidade, atacar a frota lusitana.
	www.tryte.com.br /judaismo/colecao/br/livro10/l10cap2.htm (691 words)

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