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Topic: Gastarbeiter

	Gastarbeiter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		They were called Gastarbeiter, because they were expected to work in Germany for a limited period of time and then return to their country of origin.
		The laws were governed in a way that Gastarbeiters had to extend their working visas (and residency, "Aufenthaltserlaubnis" "Allowance to reside") on a yearly basis.
		Today, the term Gastarbeiter is no longer accurate, but it is sometimes used by right-wing extremists, in conjunction with the demand to expel foreigners and their children.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gastarbeiter (329 words)

	contemporary central and east european art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gastarbeit from the point of view of an artist, can also be seen as any work you have to do in order to support yourself, while artistic creation itself is not usually seen as Arbeit at all.
		I'm not a Gastarbeiter in the afternoon.' This touches on the issue of artists who live from their art within the commercial art gallery system, whether at home or abroad, and are under obligation to constantly produce new work and meet deadlines.
		While the Gastarbeiters were provided with a job and legal status as guest workers, the asylum seeker is a desperate outsider with little chance of acceptance.
	www.reubenfowkes.net /contemporary/article2.htm (904 words)

	Wirtschaftswunder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Apart from these factors, hard work and long hours at full capacity among the population and extra labour supplied by thousands of Gastarbeiter ("guest workers") provided a vital base for the economic upturn.
		This economic policy was known in journalistic circles as the Raab-Kamitz-Kurs, named after Chancellor Julius Raab and his Finance Minister Reinhard Kamitz and aping the German Adenauer-Erhard-Kurs.
		In the 1960s the first Gastarbeiter from Southern Italy and Greece arrived in the country, as more manual labour was required to maintain the economic upswing.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wirtschaftswunder (396 words)

	Untitled Document
		The program was promoted as temporary, "rotational," and mutually beneficial: the guests would work for one or two years in Germany and then return to their home countries with savings and new skills.
		But most unemployed guest workers declined to "rotate" back to their home countries, knowing that as bad as things were in Germany, the job prospects in Turkey or Yugoslavia were even bleaker and the social safety nets less generous.
		Instead, the Gastarbeiter exercised rights accrued from living several years in Germany to arrange for their families to join them, despite efforts by German authorities to discourage such family reunification.
	www.davidson.edu /academic/german/denham/Ger252/Hannah.htm (4872 words)

	e-merge - Ethnic Identity and Gender Roles in Flux, Barbara Franz
		By the end of the 1980s, according to Fassmann and Münz (1996), this group of migrant workers was still employed in low-wage jobs as unskilled or semi-skilled workers.
		Due to seniority, however, Gastarbeiter frequently held the position of fore(wo)man, for example, in the cleaning teams.
		They are not Bosnian women but women from other parts of the former Yugoslavia because Bosnian women traditionally took care of their families and rarely left their home province.
	www.carleton.ca /e-merge/v1_art/v1_fran/v1_fra5.html (1632 words)

	Foreigners In Germany
		Because of the higher birth rate of foreigners, one of every ten births in Germany is to a foreigner.
		However, because recruiting of Gastarbeiter stopped in 1973 at the onset of a worldwide recession, most foreign workers are middle-aged and have lived in Germany for several decades.
		Recruited mainly from a number of countries in southern Europe, Gastarbeiter were not expected to stay beyond the terms of their work permits.
	www.germanculture.com.ua /library/facts/bl_immigration1.htm (752 words)

	'Multiculturalism Difficult In A Democratic Society'
		He added that it had been a mistake that during "the early 1960s we brought guest workers from foreign cultures into the country".
		Mr Schmidt, 85, who was the Social Democratic chancellor from 1974 until 1982, said that the problems resulting from the influx of mostly Turkish Gastarbeiter, or guest workers, had been neglected in Germany and the rest of Europe.
		"They may argue it was a mistake in 1973 when they put a halt on more Gastarbeiter coming in and another in 1974 when they allowed wives and families to join those who were here.
	www.rense.com /general60/fidid.htm (554 words)

	Turken raus!
		The term Gastarbeiter (guest worker) implies that the foreigner is not seen as a permanent fixture in their society.
		The Germans follow the somewhat humorous saying, "Guests are like fish: they stink after three days." The Turkish Gastarbeiter, by adhering to their religiously-based, Islamic culture, have somewhat hindered their own ability to integrate into German society.
		Yet, the policies of the German government as well as their mentality that Turks are not permanent fixtures in German society have not only inhibited the Turks even more from fully integrating into German society but have also contributed to the xenophobic and racist sentiments of the German people.
	www.geocities.com /ivornz/guest.htm (3365 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ethnic Nationalism and Gastarbeiter System This policy framework is underpinned in Germany by strong ethnic conception of nationality which led not only to a denial of being a country of immigration, but to strong restrictions against naturalisation and hostility to multiculturalism.
		The Gastarbeiter recruitment through bilateral agreements first with Italy and then in the 1960s with Spain, Greece, Turkey, Portugal and Yugoslavia was centrally organised by the Federal Labour Office, who screened and selected workers.
		Typically Gastarbeiter migration was turned on and off, with recruitment curtailed in 1975 through the Aliens Employment Act which reduced the level of Yugoslav and Turkish employment by 1985 to half its 1973 level.
	www.ietm.org /docs/1371_46108_2838.doc (17737 words)

	gastarbeiter - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "gastarbeiter" is defined.
		Gastarbeiter : The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language [home, info]
		Gastarbeiter : Deardorff's Glossary of International Economics [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=gastarbeiter (109 words)

	Scotsman.com News - International - Germans cast wider net for work
		FOUR decades ago a guest worker, or gastarbeiter in German, meant a Turk or a Yugoslav who came to labour-short Germany in search of the sort of job locals did not usually want to do.
		They become ethnic German gastarbeiter in Austria or Switzerland or Iceland, embodying the lengthy economic stagnation in the country where gastarbeiter always meant somebody else.
		Anna Hass, a 23-year-old waitress at the large mountaintop Panorama restaurant in the Austrian ski resort of Ischgl, is trained to be a veterinary assistant.
	news.scotsman.com /international.cfm?id=407252005 (563 words)

	Guardian \| Jobless Germans pour into Austria
		However, he is not Austrian but German - one of a growing number of Germans who, unable to find work at home, have left to find employment in neighbouring Austria or Switzerland, often as waiters, bar staff, or even cleaners.
		It was, of course, the Germans who invented the word Gastarbeiter, or "guest worker", to describe the 2 million-plus Turks who came to Germany in the 1960s and 1970s to take on low-paid jobs that the Germans were reluctant to do.
		Now, in a striking reversal of fortune, thousands of young Germans are taking Gastarbeiter-style positions in ski resorts such as Kitzbühel, rather than staying on the dole at home.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5182270-103681,00.html (665 words)

	NEW COMMUNITY (vol 22, no.2, April 1996) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		ermany's new gastarbeiter policy is evaluated in the context of a long tradition of labour recruitment, particularly the last period of active recruitment abroad (1955-1973).
		The new gastarbeiter policy vis-à-vis Central and Eastern Europe encompasses bilateral contracts signed around 1990 and various amendments to German laws.
		What they do not include are the improvements in legal status that have been implemented for the ‘old' gastarbeiter over the years.
	www.ercomer.org /nc/nc22-2.html (1481 words)

	AUTHORITARIANISM AND ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION IN CONTEMPORARY WEST GERMANY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Prejudice against "Gastarbeiter" (immigrant workers) was positively correlated with authoritarian personality, authoritarian attitudes (the F scale), and achievement motivation, but was negatively correlated with neuroticism.
		The scale was originally tested in Australia, but because both Germany and Australia have large populations of Mediterranean immigrants ("Gastarbeiter" in Germany), its potential transferability seemed high.
		As two extra items having specific reference to Gastarbeiter had been specifically included in the questionnaire as a resource for this purpose, replacement of the nondiscriminating items posed no difficulty.
	jonjayray.tripod.com /germauth.html (6332 words)

	Austria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Austrian federal states of Carinthia and Styria are home to a significant (indigenous) Slovenian minority with around 14,000 members (Austrian census; unofficial numbers of Slovene groups speak of about 40,000).
		So-called guest workers (Gastarbeiter) and their descendants also form an important minority group in Austria.
		Around 20,000 Hungarians and 30,000 Croatians live in the east-most Bundesland, Burgenland (formerly part of Hungary).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Austria (3119 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Muslims in Europe: The Workers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As in France, the Muslim guest workers of West Germany - Gastarbeiter - have been adversely affected by the economic slump, yet plan to stay.
		In 1973 they banned new recruitment and imposed certain other restrictions; by 1977 as a result, the number of foreign workers in Germany dropped from its 1973 peak of 2.5 million to about 1.9 million, plus 2 million dependents.
		Some German companies - reluctant to lose hardworking help trained at their expense - point out that without the Gastarbeiter many industries would be hurt.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/197901/muslims.in.europe-the.workers.htm (2716 words)

	05Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Frau Von, as she was most often referred to, played a central part in the students' lives ‘auf der Burg’.
		Gastarbeiter: The post-WWII German economic miracle (Wirtschaftswunder) was fueled by the low cost wages of immigrant workers, referred to as Gastarbeiter (Guest workers).
		Greek maids: As was typical during the 1960’s and 1970’s in West Germany, immigrant workers, called 'Gastarbeiter' performed many of the menial jobs.
	www.stanfordalumni.org /travelswithrico/05Glossary.htm (623 words)

	MILS: News from the FYROM, 96-11-05
		Up to now 37 projects, or 2.5 million DM in loans (of an overall sum of 20 million DM) have been approved by the credit line of 'Almako Banka' established by the German and Macedonian governments, in order to facilitate the funding of small businesses owned by emmigrants who returned to Macedonia.
		Yesterday's press conference at the German Embassy also revealed that the approved loans were chosen among 417 submitted projects, and that only part of those loans would actually go to returned emigrants.
		On yesterday's session the Macedonian government outlined the draft of the Law on Legal Procedures which is - according to official sources - to obliterate the instrumentalization and indoctrination dominant so far, and to standardize Macedonian legal procedures and regulations to European ones.
	www.hri.org /news/agencies/mils/1996/96-11-05.mils.html (2586 words)

	Wienerschnitzel and Doner Kebap
		4 Although the “Gastarbeiter” primarily took jobs that Germans felt were beneath them, Germans began to view them as competition as soon as the unemployment rate began to rise.
		6 The government had evidently decided that the role of the “Gastarbeiter” was to serve as an “economic buffer”: to fill positions and stimulate the economy when times were good, and to suffer unemployment and poverty in place of the Germans when times were bad.
		The first Turkish “Gastarbeiter” who came to Germany worked constantly to make money, at first to send it home, and then later to move their families to Germany and maintain them in a country with such a high cost of living.
	www.wm.edu /so/monitor/spring2001/paper1.htm (5594 words)

	Café Metropole Paris Issue 2.09
		March 1997:- Last week while I was supposed to be having a good time going around Paris feasting my eyes on its treasures and hanging out at the Salon de l'Agriculture stuffing my gob, I was wasting my time worrying about words that are being thrown about with complete disregard for their meanings.
		Nearly thirty years ago I got a job in Munich as a 'Gastarbeiter.' I was one 'guest-worker' out of millions at the time.
		There were Germans who did not like us Gastarbeiters very much and were willing to say so, but most of the Germans I worked with, only wanted us to work as hard as them - or as was often the case - party as hard as them.
	www.metropoleparis.com /backissues/70303209/cafe209.html (824 words)

	Gastarbeiter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		After they were no longer needed in Germany, many of the Gastarbeiters returned to their home countries, although a portion of them chose to stay on and live in Germany, moving their whole families to live with them, as they felt that their prospects of a brighter future were better in Germany.
		These people largely inhabit particular areas of Germany, often grouping together to make villages much like ones from their home lands, whilst working as valued members of the German workforce.
		Problems have sometimes arisen as a result of jealousy from a few German people, who feel that their jobs have been stolen by the Gastarbeiters, however these incidents are uncommon and have never led to any serious problems for these people.
	gosh.ex.ac.uk /jsd201/Gastarbeiter.html (347 words)

	Why are German born players not choosing to play 4 the national team? - BigSoccer
		Relationships between Germans and Turkish "Gastarbeiters" can get very nasty, and I will not tolerate the same nastiness in this forum.
		many "gastarbeiter" who came to germany thought, they just will stay here for some years and will go back home to turkey soon.
		the politc also failed, they missed to force the "gastarbeiter" to learn the german language and permitted them to gather in "ghettos".
	www.bigsoccer.com /forum/showthread.php?t=156860 (1132 words)

	Israeli crimes in broad day light
		A question called to mind by the discussion of the influence of Jewish religion on organ transplanting policy at the bottom of the present letter is whether in the entire history of Israel, a Jewish organ has ever been transplanted into a non-Jew.
		Your relying on the folk legends of your ancestors to renew accusations of Ukrainian "pogroms" in the newspapers under your control, while at the same time ignoring stories such as Israelis murdering a Ukrainian guest worker in order to transplant his heart into a Jew, paints a distorted picture of the nature of Ukrainian-Jewish relations.
		You might consider using your newspaper empire to warn Gastarbeiter in Israel that they stand in danger of losing their lives, the more so if they are young and healthy.
	www.voicesofpalestine.org /outrageous/organtraffic.asp (4476 words)

	Behind The Hidden Mask - Lays A Big Bad Wolf in Sheep's Clothing
		Furthermore, the above claim of a Ukrainian victim of Jewish organ-harvesting is considerably reinforced by the admission below that Gastarbeiter (foreign worker) donors constitute nearly half of all donors, with the claim that family permission for organ harvesting is obtained (in all cases, apparently) being a second detail that does not quite ring true.
		Certainly permission being granted "by telephone" carries an air of informality, and places an obstacle in the path of any investigator attempting to verify that family permission had in fact been given.
		Nearly half the donors during the first six months of 1997 were gastarbeiter whose families overseas gave their consent by telephone — sometimes in return for Health Ministry funding to fly the corpse home.
	www.freewebs.com /behind_the_hidden_mask/news.htm (2217 words)

	Metropole Paris - Secrets of Germany's Success (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The other key to Germany's industrial success is the 'gastarbeiter.' A 'gastarbeiter' is anybody who works in Germany who is not German.
		Many voters in Germany - some of whom are 'gastarbeiters' - will doubtless remember that all of the expensive projects now underway were dreamed up by Chancellor Kohl.
		A collection of photos from my days as a 'gastarbeiter' in Germany are buried in my archives somewhere and if there is any 'echo' to this piece, I will consider rooting them out, to expose the myth of 'German Industry' once and for all, with irrefutable unretouched truth.
	www.wfi.fr /metropole/backissues/71124247/aklasse.html (2266 words)

	EuroQuest EuroBlog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		And this is one of the major contributing factors to what we in Europe now call the multicultural society.
		But we also see the gastarbeiter phenomenon as a thing of the past.
		The numbers haven’t come out yet, but it seems clear that since the European Union expanded from 15 to 25 nations in 2004, thousands of Eastern Europeans have come to the west seeking work.
	euroquesteuroblog.blogspot.com (1763 words)

	A Breath of Fresh Air - Newsweek: International Editions - MSNBC.com
		But Germany's ethnic minorities, led by the country's 2.5 million Turks, have traditionally played little role in the country's cultural life—in part because the first generation long held onto the myth that they would one day return home.
		Now, 40 years after the first Gastarbeiter arrived—and as their ambitious, German-born offspring come of age—that picture is changing fast.
		In Akin's film, the striking Sibel Kekilli plays the early-20s daughter of a traditional Gastarbeiter family in Hamburg who yearns for the social and sexual freedoms of her German peers.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/4522679 (1112 words)

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