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Topic: Gastrovascular

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Gastrovascular cavity

Pseudocoelom

Diploblastic

Digestion

Coral

Defecation

Abdominal pain

Gastrology

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	Gastrovascular cavity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gastrovascular cavity, as the name indicates, functions in both digestion and the transport of nutrients to all parts of an animal body.
		Organisms belonging to two major phyla, the Cnidaria and the Platyhelminthes, possess gastrovascular cavities.
		The radially symmetrical cnidarians have a sac-like body in two distinct layers, with a jellylike layer between.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gastrovascular_cavity (115 words)

	Coral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Corals are gastrovascular marine cnidarians (phylum Cnidaria) and exist as small sea anemone-like polyps, typically in colonies of many individuals.
		The polyps are interconnected by a complex and well developed system of gastrovascular canals allowing significant sharing of nutrients and symbiotes.
		"(pdf) Gastrovascular Circulation in an Octocoral: Evidence of Significant Transport of Coral and Symbiont Cells".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Corals (2664 words)

	Hydra
		Both column and tentacles are highly contractile and, by expelling gastrovascular fluid from the mouth, a hydra can shrink to a fraction of its previous volume.
		Hydra will only rarely be spotted in their natural habitats, but if samples of aquatic vegetation are transferred to a clear glass or plastic container, they will often be found in considerable numbers.
		The major stimulant for this response is the common tri-peptide (a chain of 3 amino acids), glutathione.
	www.northern.edu /natsource/INVERT1/Hydra1.htm (1991 words)

	CLASS ANTHOZOA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Anthozoa lack a medusa stage and have complex polyps, with a large gastrovascular cavity partially subdivided by numerous mesenteries and a pharynx (stomodaeum).
		The mesenterial filament is the results of three cord-like thickenings at the free end of the mesentery: a pair of ciliated bands that functions to circulate gastrovascular contents, and a cnido-glandular band that secretes digestive enzymes and also subdues swallowed prey (anthozoans have gastrodermal nematocysts).
		In colonial octocorals there are masses of gastrovascular canals (solenia) that extend from the central gastrovascular cavity, permeate the coenenchyme, and allow direct food sharing among zooids.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /malacology/IZ2005/LabNotes/lab4.htm (4530 words)

	Cnidaria, Laboratory Notes for BIO 1003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		There are no blood vessels to distribute nutrients from digestion, and the gastrovascular cavity extends out into each of the tentacles.
		Aurelia is an example preserved in bioplastic; note the bell shape with a rim of tentacles, central mouth with four oral arms used to capture prey, and four gonads.
		Radial canals extend from the gastrovascular cavity to a ring canal in the margin of the bell.
	darwin.baruch.cuny.edu /bio1003/cnidaria.html (870 words)

	CHAPTER 42 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The products of digestion in the gastrovascular cavity are directly available to the cells of the inner layer, and it is only a short distance to diffuse to the cells of the outer layer.
		The flat shape of the body and the branching of the gastrovascular cavity throughout the animal ensure that cells are bathed by a suitable medium and that diffusion distances are short.
		For animals with many cell layers, gastrovascular cavities are insufficient for internal distances because the diffusion transports are too great.
	www.dennosmuseum.org /~ftank/116s05/Ch42WordLectureOutline.htm (1829 words)

	Phylum Cnidaria-BY255L Invertebrate Zoology
		Note that the gastrovascular cavity is filled with water so it acts as a hydrostatic skeleton.
		Gastrovascular cavity extends into arms, but digestive function is in upper body.
		The layers (epidermis, cellular mesoglea, and gastrodermis) and gastrovascular cavities are connected, but the connection is on top of the limestone exoskeleton.
	www.dpo.uab.edu /~acnnnghm/BY255L/BY255L-Cnidaria.htm (471 words)

	BookRags: Digestive System Summary
		One of the first steps toward a complex digestive system in animals, and the processing of larger prey, is the evolution of a gastrovascular cavity, a digestive sac with a single opening to the external environment.
		The gastrovascular cavity serves as a protected space for extracellular digestion inside the animal, and at the same time allows distribution of the digested material to most cells of the body.
		Following extracellular digestion in the gastrovascular cavity, the digestion products from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are taken up by cells lining the gastrovascular cavity, where digestion is completed intracellularly.
	www.bookrags.com /research/digestive-system-ansc-02 (1240 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In hydrozoans, the layout of the gastrovascular system in space is the morphology of the colony.
		Identifying the relevant hydromechanical characteristics of gastrovascular flow that signal morphogenetic events is complicated by the dynamic nature of circulation under the control of polyps.
		Our model suggests that polyp oscillations are triggered by the presence of nutrients in the digestive cavity and that the release of nutrients into the colonial gastrovascular system induces unfed polyps to oscillate, thereby generating a colonywide transport of fluid and metabolites.
	www.science.uva.nl /events/NCEAS99/abstract_Dudgeon (697 words)

	Oceanlink \| marine sciences education and fun
		The gut is the gastrovascular cavity, which is used for internal digestion.
		The mussel is now inside the anemones' gastrovascular cavity, and internal digestion is occurring.
		The tentacles are bringing the zoopankton into the anemones' gastrovascular cavity.
	oceanlink.island.net /oinfo/biodiversity/Cnidaria/Anemones.html (512 words)

	Cnidaria
		-Sperm and eggs may be released into the gastrovascular cavity or to the outside of the body.
		The mouth of an anthozoan leads to a pharynx, which is an invagination of the body wall that leads into the gastrovascular cavity.
		The gastrovascular cavity is divided into sections by mesenteries that bear cnidocytes and gonads on their free edges.
	www.snow.edu /~allans/biology1320/cnidaria.html (737 words)

	[No title]
		The Gastroderm The gastroderm is a layer of cells that covers the inner surface, lining the gastrovascular cavity.
		Once the prey is rendered helpless, the cnidarian's tentacles push the food through the mouth and into the gastrovascular cavity.
		Any materials that cannot be digested are passed back out through the mouth, which is the only opening in the gastrovascular cavity, several hours later.
	geology.wcedu.pima.edu /~kruiz/webpage1.htm (935 words)

	Faculty Profile for Richard D. Campbell
		Animal tissues are in a state of balanced mechanical stresses arising from contractility due to the cytoskeletons and extension due to stretching around a hydrostatic chamber.
		The freshwater polyp hydra consists of two epithelia stretched around a hydrostatic gastrovascular cavity.
		Morphogenesis occurs to the extent that these forces and the gastrovascular pressure are out of balance.
	faculty.uci.edu /profile.cfm?faculty_id=2123&name=Richard+D.+Campbell (443 words)

	Cnidaria
		The basic body plan of the cnidarians is a sac-like structure, with an internal cavity called the gastrovascular cavity.
		The gastrovascular cavity has a single opening which serves as both mouth and anus, which is often surrounded by tentacles.
		The body wall has an external cell layer, the epidermis; an internal cell layer, the gastrodermis that lines the gastrovascular cavity; and a layer between the other two, called the mesoglea which may be either cellular, or more often, a cellular.
	www.esu.edu /~milewski/intro_biol_two/lab_9_porifera_cnidaria/Cnidaria.html (771 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		What is the role of the gastrovascular canals in the scyphozoa?
		For the class Anthozoa, Id like you to focus your attention on two aspects of the reading: first of all, the structure of the polyp and secondly the diversity of the group.
		The gastrovascular cavity of an anemone is very complex compared to that of a hydroid like Hydra.
	www.geneseo.edu /~Bosch/InvCh6.doc (332 words)

	GBS AP Bio Chapter 42 Sample Q's
		The tapeworm lacks a gastrovascular cavity and a circulatory system, yet it manages to survive very well in the host's intestinal tract.
		A) Peristaltic movements in the host's intestinal tract replace the need for a gastrovascular cavity in the worm.
		C) Since the nutrients are being predigested by enzymes present in the host's intestinal tract, there is no need for a gastrovascular cavity.
	www.glenbrook.k12.il.us /gbssci/bio/apbio/Review/ch42sapmq.htm (722 words)

	Animal Diversity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		They are the simplest of all the animals, and have only three basic types of cells: epithelial cells, that protect the sponge; collar cells, that process food; and amoebacytes, that carry food from the collar cells to the epithelial cells.
		They have a central gastrovascular cavity, through which water and food flow.
		Flatworms are acoelomate: they have a gastrovascular cavity that is surrounded with muscle tissue, but they have no cavity outside the gastrovascular cavity.
	sciweb.henryford.cc.mi.us /Biology/jacobs/bio131/animaldiversity/Animal_Diversity.html (521 words)

	Cnidarians
		A single opening serves as the entrance to the gastrovascular cavity, within which prey is digested.
		Note that the entire gastrovascular cavity extends through each tentacle.
		General view of the crossection of the body wall showing the the two cell layers and the gastrovascular cavity.
	cas.bellarmine.edu /tietjen/images/cnidarians.htm (541 words)

	Sea Anemone Model 1
		Sea anemones are normally sessile, attaching themselves to hard substrates by sticky secretions from a pedal disc.
		In all anthozoans, the gastrovascular cavity is partitioned by septa, or mesenteries.
		Between the primary septa are secondary septa that do not reach the pharynx as well as very short projections of the wall of the gastrovascular cavity called tertiary septa.
	bioweb.uwlax.edu /zoolab/Table_of_Contents/Lab-3b/Sea_Anemone_Model_1/sea_anemone_model_1.htm (172 words)

	General Characteristics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The gastrovascular cavity acts as a skeleton during muscle contractions.
		Simple sensory receptors are distributed radially around the body, allowing the organism to have an equal response to stimuli from all directions.
		They use the tentacles around their mouth/anus to capture prey and push food into the gastrovascular cavity.
	www.personal.psu.edu /users/j/x/jxf280/Cnidarians.htm (624 words)

	II. Most invertebrates have a gastrovascular cavity or a circulatory system for internal transport (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Adaptations of Diving Mammals OBJECTIVES After reading this chapter and attending lecture, the student should be able to: 1.
		List major animal phyla with gastrovascular cavities and explain why they do not need a circulatory system.
		Using an arthropod as an example, describe the circulation of hemolymph.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /463105.html (184 words)

	Model Systems for Environmental Signaling -- Blackstone and Bridge 45 (4): 605 -- Integrative and Comparative Biology
		by the gastrovascular system of the colony and by an abundant
		The gastrovascular system may generally function in this fashion.
		As a result, the gastrovascular milieu of local signals that
	icb.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/45/4/605 (4730 words)

	animal labs
		Anatomy: polyp and/or medusa, mouth=anus, tentacles, gastrodermis, epidermis, mesoglea, gastrovascular cavity
		Charactors: radial symmetry, diploblastic with gastrovascular cavities, cnidocytes w/nematocysts
		Anatomy: eyespots, ganglia, gastrovascular cavity, pharynx, ventral nerve cords
	web.pdx.edu /~scottn/animals.html (1761 words)

	Hydra
		This slide shows a cross section through the body of Hydra, a small freshwater cnidarian.
		The simple organization of this hydrozoan polyp is reflected in the fact that the body is composed of only two layers, an outer epidermis and an inner gastrodermis which lines the central gastrovascular cavity.
		These two layers are separated by a thin gelatinous layer called the mesoglea.
	bioweb.uwlax.edu /zoolab/Table_of_Contents/Lab-3b/Hydra/hydra.htm (85 words)

	Redox state, reactive oxygen species and adaptive growth in colonial hydroids -- Blackstone 204 (11): 1845 -- Journal ...
		of feeding structures and gastrovascular connections to correspond
		dense arrays of polyps (feeding structures) and gastrovascular
		role of polyps in feeding and generating gastrovascular flow
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/204/11/1845 (451 words)

	[No title]
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		Name an animal that has a gastrovascular cavity.
		What is an open circulatory system, and what function does it carry out?
	courses.washington.edu /bio161/Tolga/Studyquestionsexam4.doc (1051 words)

	[No title]
		Find: epidermis, mesoglea, gastrodermis (dark red), gastrovascular cavity, tentacles, nematocysts, hypostome (mouth).
		Sketch Hydra here: Slide = Obelia hydroid colony (wm Z 690) — Scan/dissecting scope (large) Draw: tentacles, hydranth, nematocysts, hypostome, gonangium, medusa bud, gonopore, and gastrovascular* cavity.
		See text pg 124, Atlas pg 35 for life cycle of Obelia.
	www.wingate.edu /academics/biology/edm/Handouts/ZLab306.doc (735 words)

	EPOB 1220 Study Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Which animal phyla use a gastrovascular cavity for digestion?
		What advantages do complete digestive systems have over gastrovascular cavities?
		This page was last modified: October 3, 2002
	www.colorado.edu /epob/epob1220/stannut.html (119 words)

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