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Topic: Gauge theory

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	NationMaster.com - Encyclopedia: Gauge theory
		The importance of gauge theories for physics stems from the tremendous success of the mathematical formalism in providing a unified framework to describe the quantum field theories of electromagnetism, the weak force and the strong force.
		Gauge theories became even more attractive when it was realized that non-abelian gauge theories reproduced a feature called asymptotic freedom, that was believed to be an important characteristic of strong interactions—thereby motivating the search for a gauge theory of the strong force.
		Note that although gauge theory is dominated by the study of connections (primarily because it's mainly studied by high-energy physicists), the idea of a connection is not essential or central to gauge theory in general.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Gauge-theory (7878 words)

	Gauge theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Gauge theories are a class of physical theories which are based on the idea that symmetry transformation s can only be performed locally.
		Gauge theories became even more attractive when it was realized that non-abelian gauge theories reproduced a feature called asymptotic freedom, that was believed to be an important characteristic of strong interaction s - thereby motivating the search for a gauge theory of the strong force.
		This theory, now known as quantum chromodynamics, is a gauge theory with the action of the SU(3) group on the color triplet of quark s.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Gauge_theory.html (2704 words)

	Gauge theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This theory known as the Standard Model accurately describes experimental predictions regarding three of the four forces of nature and is a gauge with the gauge group SU(3)XSU(2)XU(1).
		Gauge theories became even more when it was realized that non-abelian gauge reproduced a feature called asymptotic freedom that believed to be an important characteristic of strong interactions - thereby motivating the search for gauge theory of the strong force.
		This theory now known as quantum chromodynamics is a gauge theory with the of the SU(3) group on the color triplet of quarks.
	www.freeglossary.com /Gauge_transformation (1956 words)

	Gauge theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Gauge theories are a class of physical theories which are based on the idea that symmetry transformations can only be performed locally.Most physical theories are described by Lagrangians which are invariant under certain transformations, when the transformations are identicallyperformed at every space-time point - they have global symmetries.
		The importance of gauge theories for physics stems from the tremendous success of the mathematical formalism in providing aunified framework to describe the quantum field theories of electromagnetism, the weak force and the strong force.
		This theory, known as the Standard Model, accurately describes experimental predictions regarding three of the four fundamental forces of nature, and is a gauge theory with the gauge group SU(3)XSU(2)XU(1).
	www.therfcc.org /gauge-theory-23208.html (1445 words)

	Gauge theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most physical theories are described by Lagrangians which are invariant under certain transformations, when the transformations are identically performed at every space-time point—they have global symmetries.
		Identifying the "charge" e with the usual electric charge (this is the origin of the usage of the term in gauge theories), and the gauge field A(x) with the four-vector potential of electromagnetic field results in an interaction Lagrangian
		Infinitesimal gauge transformations form a Lie algebra, which is characterized by a smooth Lie algebra valued scalar, ε.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gauge_theory (2458 words)

	Gauge - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Boost gauge, a gauge used in conjunction with turbo- super-chargers.
		Gauge (knitting), the number of stitches in a given length.
		Gauge transformation, a member of a group of mathematical mappings used in physics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gauge (229 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The corresponding gauge bosons are the photon of electromagnetism and the W and Z bosons of the weak force.
		The first of these, gauge theory of gravitationWeyl's gauge theory of gravitation, was immediately shot down (on a postcard!) by Einstein himself, who pointed out to Hermann Weyl that in his theory, hydrogen atoms would have variable size, which they do not.
		Gauge theoryGauge theory is a generalized version of the equivalence principle of general relativity.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/g/gauge-theory.htm (1318 words)

	Gauge theory
		This theory, known as the Standard Model, accurately describes experimental predictions regarding three of the four fundamental forces of nature, and is a gauge theory with the gauge group SU(3) ×; SU(2) ×; U(1).
		In 1983, Simon Donaldson used techniques developed in gauge theory (instantons) to show that the differentiable classification of smooth 4-manifolds is very different from their classification up to homeomorphism, and exhibited exotic differentiable structures on Euclidean 4-dimensional space.
		There are reps which transform covariantly pointwise (called by physicists gauge transformations of the first kind), reps which transform as a connection form (called by physicists gauge transformations of the second kind) (note that this is an affine rep) and other more general reps, like for example the B field in BF theory.
	www.mcfly.org /en/Gauge_theory (1908 words)

	Lattice gauge theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Instead of a vector potential as in the continuum case, the gauge fields variables are defined on the links of the lattice and correspond to the parallel transport along the edge which takes on values in the Lie group.
		To calculate a quantity (such as the mass of a particle) in lattice gauge theory, it should be calculated for every possible value of the gauge field on each link, and then averaged.
		Lattice gauge theory is a particularly important tool for quantum chromodynamics (QCD).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lattice_gauge_theory (686 words)

	Learn more about Gauge theory in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In physics, gauge theories are based on the idea that symmetry transformations can only be performed locally.
		If we have a principal bundle whose base space is space or spacetime and structure group is a Lie group G, then, the space of smooth (although in physics, we often don't deal with smooth functions) sections of this bundle forms a group, called the group of gauge transformations.
		In the theories of the electroweak interaction and quantum chromodynamics of the Standard Model of particle physics, the Lagrangians of bosons, which mediate interactions between fermions, are invariant under gauge transformations.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /g/ga/gauge_theory.html (478 words)

	American AntiGravity - Dr. Ning Wu's Gauge-Theory of Gravity
		In the general theory of relativity, gravity is treated in a novel manner: it is considered as the geometry of space-time.
		But in quantum gauge theory of gravity, gravitational force is considered to be a kind of physical interactions, and the concept of curved space-time is only a convenient and equivalent description of the classical effects of gravitational interactions.
		The basic of gauge theory of gravity is the physics picture, and quantum gauge theory of gravity is established in the physics picture of gravity.
	www.americanantigravity.com /ning-wu-article.shtml (4595 words)

	Lattice gauge theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In lattice gauge theory, the spacetime is discretized and replaced by a lattice with lattice spacing equal to
		Lattice gauge theory is a method to deal with gauge theory that is useful for...
		Topological Quantum Field Theory, a Progress Report A brief introduction to Topological Quantum Field Theory as well as a description of recent progress made in the field is presented.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Lattice_gauge_theory.html (1693 words)

	Gauge theory - InformationBlast
		Most physical theories are described by Lagrangians which are invariant under certain transformations, when the transformations are identically performed at every space-time point - they have global symmetries.
		Gauge theories became even more attractive when it was realized that non-abelian gauge theories reproduced a feature called asymptotic freedom, that was believed to be an important characteristic of strong interactions - thereby motivating the search for a gauge theory of the strong force.
		In 1983, Simon Donaldson used techniques developed in gauge theory (instantons) to show that the differentiable classification of smooth 4-manifolds is very different from their classification upto homeomorphism, and exhibited exotic differentiable structures on Euclidean 4-dimensional space.
	www.informationblast.com /Gauge_symmetry.html (873 words)

	Vacuum Gauge Theory
		Your indicator is a vacuum gauge, calibrated in inches of mercury.
		But with a testing vacuum gauge, many more diagnostics are possible, since the air rushing into an engine is affected by many things, and a jumpy needle can tell a lot.
		A turbo-boost gauge has a vacuum half and a boost half, thereby being able to show either negative or positive pressure.
	www.earlycuda.org /tech/vacuum1.htm (726 words)

	Definition of Lattice gauge theory
		In lattice gauge theory, the spacetime is Wick rotated into Euclidean space, discretized and replaced by a lattice with lattice spacing equal to $a .$
		Random configurations (values of the gauge fields) are generated with probabilities proportional to $e^{-\beta S}, where S is the lattice action for that configuration and \beta is related to the lattice spacing a .$
		To find the value of the quantity in the continuous theory this is repeated for various values of $a and extrapolated to a=0 .$
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Lattice_gauge_theory (581 words)

	Re: Lattice Gauge Theory
		The 3D Ising LGT with gauge group Z_2 is definitely not, since it is dual to the 3D Ising model which does have a phase transition.
		Kogut: "The lattice gauge theory approach to quantum chromodynamics" Rev.
		Polykov wrote two papers in 1979-1980 about a formulation of gauge theory as a non-linear sigma model in loop space, and in 1981, he came up with the Polyakov action of string theory.
	www.lns.cornell.edu /spr/2003-08/msg0052902.html (568 words)

	Review 0240
		Stephen, a professor of physics at the Utah State University, examines in depth the so-called "Gauge Theory", where, according to the author, we will find the seeds of a mathematical theory of consciousness and the forces related to it.
		Thus, the latter proposes to unify the four forces recognising an unified symmetry related to them, whereas the former already impulsed this search for a Theory of the Whole 5000 years ago, and not only of the physical world, but also of what is inmaterial, as is consciousness.
		It is the difficulty of this interpretation, in which some explanations are lacking, which moves us to look for the answer in the human brain, in the mind and in the conscience.
	www.amazings.com /sbb/reviews/review0240.html (305 words)

	PhilSci Archive - Holism and Structuralism in U(1) Gauge Theory
		In the first part of the paper the framework of fiber bundle gauge theories is briefly presented and the interpretation of local gauge symmetry will be examined.
		In the second part, an ontological underdetermination of gauge theories is carved out by considering the various kinds of non-locality involved in such typical effects as the Aharonov-Bohm effect.
		The analysis shows that the peculiar form of non-separability figuring in gauge theories is a variant of spatiotemporal holism and can be distinguished from quantum theoretic holism.
	philsci-archive.pitt.edu /archive/00001831 (223 words)

	$3.6 Million Super Computer to advance Physics research
		Lattice gauge theory is an advanced supercomputing technique that aims to advance understanding of the fundamental forces of nature.
		Detailed mathematical theories, referred to as quantum field theories or gauge theories, successfully describe the first three of these forces, but understanding of the theories is incomplete.
		The calculations are performed using a four- dimensional grid (or lattice) to represent space-time, which gives rise to the expression "lattice gauge theory".
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2000-06/AU-MSCt-1506100.php (628 words)

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