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	EDSITEment - Lesson Plan
		The Gawain manuscript is filed near the bust of Nero, so it was referred to as “ms Cotton Nero Ax..” The “A” stands for the shelf on which it sits and the "x" stands for its position among the other manuscripts on the same shelf.
		Gawain's adherence to courtesy and the rules of courtly love, his devotion to the Madonna, and his oath of knighthood are all tested.
		Gawain discovers, then, that the tests of the hunt and the beheading game were of the same ilk, created to test the honor and integrity of Arthur's knights.
	edsitement.neh.gov /view_lesson_plan.asp?id=601 (2846 words)

	Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
		Gawain, nephew of the famed Arthur of the Round Table, is depicted as the most noble of knights in the poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.
		Gawain, bound to chivalry, is torn between his knightly edicts, his courtly obligations, and his mortal thoughts of self-preservation.
		By portraying Gawain as noble and honorable, the poet is able to shock the audience with actions that are uncharacteristic of a chivalrous knight.
	www.geocities.com /tmkallday/gawain.html (1052 words)

	GradeSaver: ClassicNote: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Study Guide - Full Summary and Analysis
		Although Gawain pretends not to be bothered by the upcoming Quest, all the lords and ladies are silently sorrowful that a knight as worthy as Gawain must go to his doom by receiving the exchange blow from the Green Knight.
		Gawain as a character drives his strength from his belief in Christian and chivalric values, and the shield is the perfect representation of this, protecting him from physical dangers while serving as a reminder of his spiritual and moral beliefs.
		Gawain's fear of mortality is obviously linked to his impending meeting with the Green Knight, and this is where the poet so masterfully connects this story about Gawain in the castle with the larger framework of the first, more imposing story about Gawain and the Green Knight.
	www.gradesaver.com /classicnotes/titles/gawain/fullsumm.html (10662 words)

	Sir Gawain and the Green Knight_The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell
		While his host arises early to course the hills on the hunt, Gawain lingers in bed as the sun lengthens on the walls, enduring patiently and steadfastly refusing (all but for a kiss) the delicious attentions of the host's beautiful wife.
		Gawain is found lying in bed during the hours when, if in battle, he would be the strongest.
		An illustration from the Gawain MS Cotton Nero A.x at the British Museum: the Green Knight (decapitated) at King Arthur's Court.
	www.uidaho.edu /student_orgs/arthurian_legend/hunt/gawain.html (610 words)

	Lili Arkin, "The Role of Women in _Sir Gawain and the Green Knight_"
		However, the poet never intends to present a world where women are powerful; rather, these women constitute a metaphor for other anti-social forces and dangers outside the control of feudalism and chivalry which a medieval world genders female because of a set of biblical and classical models which establish anything subversive as feminine.
		Unwittingly, Gawain has entered into another bargain, but now Gawain's bargain is with a woman rather than a man, and his ability to please her with his talk is being tested rather than the other bargains which test his loyalty, valor and truthfulness.
		The poet demonstrates that his actions weaken the feudal system by showing that the consequence of his acceptance of the girdle is that he must then conceal it from his host and in the process break his agreement with Bertilak.
	www.chss.montclair.edu /english/furr/arkin.html (5070 words)

	Banana Enterprises presents "'Pearl', 'Sir Gawain and the Green Knight', and Christianity" by Damian T. Lloyd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Gawain does mention in passing St. Julian (774) and St. Peter (813), but is otherwise free of the host of saints that populate Catholic mythology, and "whose heroism is regularly invoked by other religious texts," (Watson 309).
		Gawain realizes, of course, that this might be just the thing he needs to survive his upcoming encounter with the Green Knight, and accepts the girdle.
		Gawain returns to Camelot, where he relates his adventures, confesses his shame, and vows to wear the green girdle for the rest of his life as "þe laþe and þe losse þat I la3t haue / of couardise and couetyse" (2507-8).
	www.bananaenterprises.com /portfolio/essays/FogShroudsChannel.html (2518 words)

	Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
		And when Gawain returns to human society at the end of the poem, it is with a sense of unease, having realized the power of Nature in comparison to his human beliefs.
		Gawain is the very embodiment of chivalric values, yet his encounter with the seductive Lady Bertilak forces a crisis in the chivalric value system: should he honor the requests of the noble lady or remain faithful to his lord?
		The Pentangle is often a pagan symbol; thus Gawain' s shield, with the Pentangle on one side and the Virgin Mary on the other, comes to represent the dual pagan/Christian nature of the poem.
	faculty.winthrop.edu /kosterj/ENGL512/sggknotes.htm (12249 words)

	The Gawain Poet, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The unknown author of "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight", is considered to be the author of "The Pearl", as well as "Patience" and "Purity", since they are preserved in the same manuscript.
		One of Arthur's Knights, Gawain is on a quest, ostensibly to find the Green Knight and adhere to his deal (his sentence); because a mans word was supposed to match with his actions.
		Gawain's adventure occurs in several parts; the first in King Arthur's Court, the second the journey to find the Green Knight, third the temptation within the magical castle of Sir Bercilack, fourth the Green Chapel, and then his return to Camelot.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/medieval_authors_retired/51264 (636 words)

	Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
		Very little is known of the anonymous author of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, but most scholars agree on two facts: he lived during the fourteenth century, and he lived in the area of England known as the Northwest Midlands (present-day Lancashire, Derbyshire, and Yorkshire).
		Gawain is filled with beautiful passages describing nature in all her seasons, and a familiarity with the country is immediately evident frozen waterfalls, storms, dewy leaves are all illustrated in a strikingly realistic fashion.
		But this rural, educated poet was evidently not famous enough to preserve his name.
	www.eng.fju.edu.tw /English_Literature/englit_1/gawainauthor.htm (594 words)

	Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: Introduction.
		Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a Medieval English romance in the Arthurian tradition.
		The anonymous author is today called alternately "The Pearl Poet," after the poem Pearl in the same manuscript, or "The Gawain Poet." The same author is also thought to have composed the other two poems in the manuscript, Cleanness and Patience.
		So Gawain sets out to find the Green Knight, and undergoes many trials to his ideals and virtue, as compared with Beowulf who has to fight Grendel and his dam to save his people.
	www.luminarium.org /medlit/gawainintro.htm (445 words)

	Natural Imagery in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight -- Essay at LiteratureClassics.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Gawain was alone in his voyage to seek the Green Knight, as we are alone to seek and find the truth, the way, the light of Jesus Christ.
		Gawain travels through “a deep forest, incredibly wild” (740), a place of mystery, he does not know where he will find himself next, just like us on our lives, as we do not know what will happen next.
		As “Gawain rides in the world’s wilderness” (2479), away from the Green Knight, he wears the green belt, a sign that he realizes his faults and failings just like when we are done our journey, we should know ours too.
	www.literatureclassics.com /essays/634 (1033 words)

	SparkNotes: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: Key Facts
		Once the Green Knight survives the blow, Gawain has a year and a day before he must seek out the Green Knight to receive the return blow, which will almost surely mean his own death.
		At the castle, Gawain’s courtesy, chastity, and honesty are all tempted.
		Gawain admits his breach of contract in having kept the green girdle and promises to wear the girdle as a banner of his weakness.
	www.sparknotes.com /lit/gawain/facts.html (679 words)

	Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Summary & Essays - Unknown
		The Gawain poet is part of a movement known as the “alliterative revival” of the thirteenth century.
		The Middle English of the Gawain poet is, perhaps, roughly as close to modern English as the Dutch language.
		Gawain is mentioned in Geoffrey of Monmoth’s History of the Kings of England as Arthur’s nephew and as the greatest of British warriors.
	www.enotes.com /sir-gawain (2425 words)

	Middle English Poetry
		The four poems, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Pearl, Patience and Cleanness are clearly the product of an extremely competent and mature poetic genius, and Sir Gawain (at least) is a recognized element of all English Literatures courses world-wide.
		The most significant edition (of the last of the poems, Sir gawain) was the edirion by J.R.R. Tolkien and E.V.Gordon in 1925, with later revisions and a second edition edited by Norman Davis in 1967.
		Gawain, the longest, is likely to take about 2 minutes.
	catterall.net /ME (569 words)

	Sir gawain the green knight
		Given that the style and dialect of this poetry are so awkward, it must be presumed that the poet was writing for an audience which could at least comprehend his dialect, and from that it has been assumed that he was a locally-based poet writing for a local audience.
		In other words, the poet led his hero from through hundreds of miles across a deserted winter landscape and set the central events of the poem, ie the trials and testing of Gawain in the castle of Sir Bertilak or the Green Knight, in his own back yard.
		Significantly the Welsh version of Gawain's name, Gwalchmai, means Hawk of May which does seem to tie Gawain very closely to the young Lord of the Greenwood, particularly as various mediaeval romances make it very obvious that Gawain was considered to be the foremost lover of women from amongst the knights of Arthur's court.
	www.whitedragon.org.uk /articles/gawain.htm (2937 words)

	Gawain website (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Here Gawain is the perfect knight; he is so recognized by the various characters in the story and, for all his modesty, implicitly in his view of himself.
		To Gawain these are important, but he seems to set an even higher value on his courage and integrity, the two central pillars of his manhood.
		The character of Sir Gawain is relatively fixed by tradition; he cannot act very differently from the way he does.
	csis.pace.edu /grendel/proj2b/other.html (604 words)

	Department of English - Fields of Study - Medieval - Courses
		This course studies four poems which seem to have been written by the same, late fourteenth-century author: the ironic romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, the long lyric elegy Pearl, and the biblical poems Cleanness and Patience.
		Although the poems are written in at least three different genres, they share a similar poetic language, and similar thematic and imagistic resonances.
		For example, aesthetics and morality are treated as the same thing in the passage from Pearl quoted above, where the ‘makeles perle' is at once the pearl of salvation, the pearl of heaven, and the poem itself, which is also ‘endeles rounde, and blythe of mode'.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~english/fields/medieval_90cg.html (517 words)

	CliffsNotes::Sir Gawain and the Green Knight:Book Summary and Study Guide
		On the basis of their similarities in style, language, and theme, all four are believed to be by the same poet.
		The Cotton Nero manuscript was most likely produced by a copyist, not the poet, and there is no way to determine how many copies away from the original it is. The manuscript itself dates around 1400, and scholars have dated the composition of the poems anywhere from about 1350 to 1400.
		The poet was a contemporary of the famous Geoffrey Chaucer, who wrote the Canterbury Tales, and both poets wrote in an older form of English known as Middle English.
	www.cliffsnotes.com /WileyCDA/LitNote/id-173,pageNum-1.html (1023 words)

	SparkNotes: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: Context
		All the poems except Sir Gawain and the Green Knight deal with overtly Christian subject matter, and it remains unclear why Sir Gawain, an Arthurian romance, was included in an otherwise religious manuscript.
		Sir Gawain and the Green Knight was written in a dialect of Middle English that links it with Britain’s Northwest Midlands, probably the county of Cheshire or Lancashire.
		Sir Gawain and the Green Knight’s adapted Old English meter tends to connect the two halves of each poetic line through alliteration, or repetition of consonants.
	www.sparknotes.com /lit/gawain/context.html (684 words)

	Gawain Poet
		Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Stylistic and Metrical Study.
		Weiss, Victoria L. "The 'Laykyng of Enterludez' at King Arthur's Court: The Beheading Scene in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight." In Haymes 1986.
		Wilkin, Gregory J. "The Dissolutions of the Templar Ideal in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight." English Studies 63 (1982): 109-21.
	www.unc.edu /~jwittig/51/51bib/ggk.htm (309 words)

	Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Bibliography
		Hanning, Robert W. "Sir Gawain and the Red Herring: The Perils of Interpretation." Acts of Interpretation: The Text in Its Contexts, 700-1600: Essays on Medieval and Renaissance Literature in Honor of E. Talbot Donaldson.
		Hoffman, Elizabeth A. "A Re-Hearing of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight." Proceedings of the Illinois Medieval Association 2.
		Kelly, Robert L. "Allusions to the Vulgate Cycle in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight." Literary and Historical Perspectives of the Middle Ages: Proceedings of the 1981 SEMA Meeting.
	faculty.uca.edu /~jona/second/ggkbib.htm (5745 words)

	Search results for "gawain poet" :: American Poems
		This was a Poet -- It is That Distills amazing sense From ordinary Meanings -- And Attar so immense From the familiar species That perished by the Door -- We wonder it was not Ourselves Arrested it -- before -- Of Pictures, the Discloser -- The...
		I had sex with a famous poet last night and when I rolled over and found myself beside him I shuddered because I was married to someone else, because I wasn't supposed to have been drinking, because I was in fancy hotel room I didn't...
		XVII My poet, thou canst touch on all the notes God set between his After and Before, And strike up and strike off the general roar Of the rushing worlds a melody that floats In a serene air purely.
	www.americanpoems.com /search/gawain_poet (1420 words)

	"Introduction" to Sir Gawain and The Green Knight by John Gardner
		Gawain's success, both physical and moral, is not unblemished.
		Gawain has nothing to give her, she asks him to accept a rich ring,
		Gawain arms himself for the trip to the Green Chapel, his gear is
	vc.ws.edu /engl2410/2001/CriticalPaper/SirGawain2.htm (2672 words)

	Arthurian Romance I: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Study Questions)
		Recall SGGK is thought to be by the same author as The Pearl; this unknown author is therefore referred to as both the "Pearl Poet" and the "Gawain Poet." Know period when this poet was active (see headnote to SGGK, NA 156).
		He aspires to win her love by proving his worthiness, chivalric merit, etc. through "love service"--doing her will and trying to help her and be worthy of her regardless of her treatment of him.
		Consider that Gawain, Arthur's nephew, is a distinctly ENGLISH hero; Lancelot du Lac is a FRENCH knight.
	cla.calpoly.edu /~dschwart/engl512/sggk.html (971 words)

	Web Resources for Pearl-poet Study: A Vetted Selection
		This is a scholarly text and results from a painstaking transcription of the manuscript; as presented here interleaved with a slightly antiquated translation (chosen, no doubt, primarily on the basis of its copyright status) it is not at its best, but could still prove a valuable resource for scholarship.
		The translation's chief virtue may well be that it is out of copyright, but Weston was one of the most prominent romance scholars of her day and her work here is at least satisfactory in giving the outline and much of the detail of the Middle English text.
		Hoffman, Elizabeth A. "A Re-Hearing of 'Sir Gawain and the Green Knight'." Essays in Medieval Studies 2 (1985): 66 - 85.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~scriptor/cotton/blog.html (1854 words)

	The Gawain Poet
		The anonymous poet of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is generally thought to have written three other poems--Pearl, Patience, and Purity--and perhaps to have written the anonymous St.
		The Pearl Poet: Good resources on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, including links to the Middle English text and to several translations; includes some material on Pearl, as well.
		The Sir Gawain Room: Useful summary of the poem, with some analysis of selected passages.
	english.edgewood.edu /eng259/the_gawain_poet.htm (273 words)

	Approaches to Teaching Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
		Like other books in the Approaches to Teaching World Literature series, Approaches to Teaching Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is divided into two parts.
		Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and a Course in Literary Criticism
		A Graduate Seminar in the Gawain Poet and the Alliterative Revival: A Stylistic Approach to Gawain
	www.mla.org /store/CID5/PID76&pdetails=1 (477 words)

	Arthurian Romance I: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Study Questions)
		While medieval romances are frequently episodic -- that is, they relate a series of adventures undergone by a person or persons seeking to fulfill a specific quest -- the best romances are carefully constructed: adventures are not randomly chosen, and details tend to "count," adding to the meaning of the work as a whole.
		To borrow a phrase from Chrétien de Troyes (in the Prologue to Erec and Enide), the Pearl Poet has succeeded in combining seemingly random stories of adventure into a bele conjointure, a beautifully ordered composition, through his poetic artistry and craft.
		SGGK is thought to be the work of the same poet who produced the beautiful and moving dream vision The Pearl.
	cla.calpoly.edu /~dschwart/engl203/sggk203.html (1030 words)

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