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| | Vitasta Annual Number: A Kashmir Sabha, Kolkata Publication |
 | | The Pishacha languages, including the Shina Khowar group, "occupy a position intermediate between the Sanskritic languages of India proper and Eranian [Iranian] languages farther to the west." These languages, Grierson concludes, are "neither of Indian nor of Eranian origin, but form a third branch of the Aryan stock" (1906). |
 | | A language lives because it has users, and it dies or decays because its users believe that it has no vital uses for them, or its users have gradually shifted to other languages languages that provide access to, functionally and attitudinally, greener pastures. |
 | | This accumulated evidence and research findings have made it possible for Masica, for example, to emphatically assert that Grierson's positions about the Dardic languages are "now definitely obsolete, and incorrect also in its details." These concerns were originally raised by Morgenstierne, among others (see also Ganju 1991, Koul and Hook [eds] 1984 and Toshakhani 1996). |
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