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	Gayageum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A gayageum is a traditional Korean zitherlike string instrument, with 12 strings, although more recently variants have been constructed with 21 or other numbers of strings.
		The gayageum is supposed to have been made by King Gashil, of the Gaya confederacy, around the 6th century.
		The sanjo gayageum is believed to have evolved in the 19th century with the emergence of sanjo music, literally scattered melodies, a musical form involving some improvisation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gayageum (456 words)

	Windows on Asia
		They include the gayageum (12-string zither) and the geomungo (six-string zither), both presumed to have originated before the sixth century; the three string and three bamboo instruments of the Unified Silla Kingdom; court instruments of the Joseon Dynasty; and numerous others that are still being played.
		The sanjo gayageum is used in folk and improvisatory musical pieces such as sanjo (solo music with drum accompaniment) and sinawi (improvisational ensemble music).
		The jeongak gayageum is used in chamber music such as Yeongsan-hoesang (mass at the sacred mountain) or to accompany lyric songs.
	www.isp.msu.edu /asianStudies/wbwoa/eastasia/SouthKorea/music.html (3009 words)

	Korean Musical Instruments - Silkthread
		The Gayageum is one of the representative Korean native stringed instruments with the Geomungo.
		It is said that Gayageum was made by King Kasil in the Kaya Kingdom around the 6th century and then it has been developed by Wu Ruk in the time of King of JinHoong in the Silla dynasty.
		The Gayageum is employed in three different types of music: for Sanjo- Gayageum which is completed in relatively recent time; for Pungryu-Gayageum which is the original one.
	www.personal.psu.edu /users/m/r/mrb280/assignment7/silkthread.html (882 words)

	Korean music - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Instruments include the changgo drum set against a melodic instrument, such as the gayageum or ajaeng.
		The 12-string zither (gayageum) and the six-sting zither are part of the string fold instruments.
		The two-string fiddle and the seven-string zither is part of the string T'ang.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Music_of_Korea (766 words)

	:: Culture & Art in KOREA :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is said that Gayageum was made by King Kasil in the Kaya Kingdom around the 6th century and then it has been developed by Wu Ruk in the time of King of Jinhung in the Silla dynasty.
		The Gayageum is used not only in ensemble music such as Gayageum-byeongchang but also as solo such as the Gayageum-sanjo.
		The Hyang-bipa was regarded as one of the representative string instruments with the Gayageum and Geomungo in the Silla period.
	www.culture-arts.go.kr /english/contents/con1_2-3.html (1235 words)

	Korean Traditional Performing Arts Association
		The thumb, index, middle and ring fingers of the right hand pluck the strings, while the index and middle fingers of left hand touch the strings of the left side of the moveable bridges to control the pitches.
		In recent time, the musicians have developed the various types of modernized gayageum expanding its size and adding more strings, designed to employ the wide range of pitches and expressions.
		The six-stringed zither, geomungo, was created by the famous musician Wang San-ak of the Koguryo period (B.C. 668), and has long been the most honored of Korean instruments, with its majestic deep sounds, enjoying a prestige among the scholarly class.
	www.ktpaa.org /instruments.html (1045 words)

	KBS GLOBAL
		Gayageum became the lifelong passion for Master Hwang Byung-ki (69), who conveys the emotions of the present era through the millennium instrument.
		His masterpieces, including “Woods” (1962), the first traditional gayageum composition, “Chinhyangmoo” (1974), which revives the art of the Silla period, “Silk Road” (1977), and “Maze” (1975), which embodies his artistic talent and venturing spirit, are the ones that made today’s Master Hwang.
		The biggest reason he chose gayageum was because he believed he loved this instrument more than anyone else in Korea.
	english.kbs.co.kr /society/people/1337691_11774.html (881 words)

	UN DAY- Programme
		Kim Hae-suk (Gayageum) • BA and MA from Seoul National University; Professor at Korean National University of Arts.
		Performed by the solo gayageum, a12-stringed plucked zither, with a Western string quartet, Shin Gwandong Byeolgok is inspired by the folk song Jeongseon Arirang, which is widely sung in the eastern region of the Republic of Korea.
		In the Gayageum Byeongchang, a performer plays the gayageum while singing a short segment of pansori, or epic vocal.
	www.un.org /events/unday/2002/programme.htm (1149 words)

	hk in seoul (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Both are about the gayageum, a 12-stringed zither that has the same place in Korean traditional court music as the violin in western chamber music/orchestras.
		The guy basically revolutionized the concept of traditional music by composing entirely new pieces for the gayageum - before, pieces were handed down from master to pupil with changes occuring slowly and organically, or through improvisation on the core melody.
		This guy decided to compose entirely new songs for the ancient instrument (the first documented gayageum player performed for a king in the Silla dynasty in 551), so is really venerated in music.
	www.heleninseoul.blogspot.com /2002_11_03_heleninseoul_archive.html (3111 words)

	`Stairway to Heaven' to be played by Gayageum - fondation privée 'europa korea' private foundation - europe corée - ...
		In the case of `Hispanic Dance,' we arranged the song from its jazz style to bossa nova to better adapt it to the gayageum,” the quartet's leader Ki Sook-hee said.
		The group was formed in May 2003 on the suggestion of their teacher Hwang Byoung-ki, a master gayageum player and professor emeritus of the university.
		As long as the performance touches a string in the audience's hearts, we will play any kind of music, be it rock, classical or jazz,” she added.
	korea.be /content/view/1141/151 (487 words)

	Korean Musical Instruments
		The stick is made of a peeled branch of forsythia painted with pine resin.
		The player places the Gayageum on his knee and plays or plucks with one hand while pressing the strings with the other hand.
		The Gayageum produces a clear and graceful sound, used for solo performance or ensemble.
	www.zofona.com /korean-musical-instruments.html (289 words)

	House of World Cultures \| glossary
		There are two kinds of Gayageum: Pungyu Gayageum (also called Beopgeum), and Sanjo Gayageum.
		The Gayageum has 12 silk strings supported by 12 movable bridges.
		The strings are plucked with the fingers to produce a clear and delicate tune.
	www.hkw.de /en/programm2005/performing_arts_aus_korea/_performing_arts_aus_korea/texte_1/Glossar.php (387 words)

	Jazz News :: Korean master performs with NYC locals in a Lunar New Year fusion jazz concert
		Nicknamed the “Master of Improvisation” by the Korean press, gayageum master In Young Baek will bring his uniquely eclectic mix of traditional and contemporary Korean music to New York City in celebration of the Lunar New Year.
		Listeners will be treated to a singular concert of contemporary Korean music and fusion jazz, as Baek performs as a soloist and then joins the Hyeseon Hong Ensemble for an exciting jazz jam session at the end of the concert.
		Rami Seo and Haerina Park, both accomplished gayageum soloists, will offer a piece for gayageum duo that was arranged especially for this concert.
	home.nestor.minsk.by /jazz/news/2005/01/2202.html (196 words)

	Photo Gallery of Korean Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The main Korean string instrument, in use for over a thousand years, is a kind of horizontal harp called a gayageum.
		Unlike any Western instrument, it lies flat on the floor and is plucked by a musician kneeling next to it.
		The gayageum has 12 strings, but later versions have 15 or 25 strings.
	www.eden.rutgers.edu /~gounkim/553/music.html (453 words)

	hk in seoul
		I was stupid last night and went to a gayageum concert instead of going home and resting like a good convalescent.
		The gayageum is a 12-stringed zither, and the composer (who also played) did some interesting avante garde stuff with it, including a piece with a singer where the singer laughed and cried for a minute, read the newspaper, made white noise, and generally did everything except sing.
		So after I figured out that okay, Maestro Hwang wants to show us that the gayageum is versatile and can be beaten like a drum, and made to sound like white noise, and can evoke joy and tears and distress, I was ready for some very non-avante garde, pretty music.
	heleninseoul.blogspot.com /2002_11_24_heleninseoul_archive.html (3008 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		More than 30 musical instruments were used during the Three Kingdoms period, and particularly noteworthy was the hyeonhakgeum (fl crane zither), which Wang San-ak of Goguryeo created by altering the seven-string zither of Jin Dynasty China.
		The 12-string gayageum is still played in modern Korea.
		Goryeo followed the musical tradition of Silla in its early years, but came to have more diversified genres later.
	www.wingtravel.com /english/view.php?id=eng_music&no=1 (840 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Asia / South Korean musician Yi dies at age 67 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Students called him "a real model of Seonbi," or the disciplined and well-mannered intellectual class of the old royal Korean Joseon Dynasty.
		Yi produced about 300 pieces of music, and helped reshape the "gayageum," a traditional Korean instrument with nine strings, into the one with 21 strings to broaden its tones.
		His name was put on record in 2001 along with 30 other Korean musicians in the New Grove Dictionary of Music, an encyclopedia named after British musician Sir George Grove that lists 3,000 important music figures worldwide.
	www.boston.com /news/world/asia/articles/2003/09/26/south_korean_musician_yi_dies_at_age_67 (224 words)

	koreatips.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gukak is actually Korean traditional classic music which is performed by these instruments: Geomungo, Gayageum, Daegeum, Janggu, Buk and others.
		Gukak was created in response to Korea's many invasions and resistances and arouses interest with its fast tempo.
		The Gayageum is a good representative of Korean stringed instruments.
	www.koreatips.net /english/culture/instrument.html (657 words)

	Asiana Airlines - Travel Planner : Travel Guide - GoCity
		String instruments include the twelve-stringed zither (gayageum), the six-stringed zither (geomungo), the seven-stringed bowed zither (ajaeng) and the two-stringed fiddle (haeguem).
		By giving visitors an opportunity to perform on instruments and in dances, the center helps deepen people's understanding of traditional Korean performing arts and develop a sense of familiarity and affinity for Korea.
		Educational courses that teach traditional dance and how to play traditional musical instruments such as the gayageum (12-stringed zither) and the janggu (hour-glass drum) are offered to visitors.
	uk.flyasiana.com /travelplanner/travelplanner_sightseeing_experiencetours.asp (877 words)

	The Seoul Times
		The best of the Korean national music or traditional Korean music will be heard at a theater in the posh Cheongdam-dong area, southern part of Seoul on the eve of Chuseok Holidays or Korean version of American Thanksgiving Day.
		Hwang Byung-Ki, a maestro of gayageum, a 12-stringed traditional Korean harp used for gukak or Korea's classical music, and four other top-notch musicians of guak will perform at Agua Club near Cheongdam Elementary School.
		The Auga Club is normally used for such modern musics as hip-hop and reggae for young generations.
	theseoultimes.com /ST/db/read.php?idx=2406 (442 words)

	Events: Gayageum] - Welcome to Seoul Selection - Shop for Korean Cultural and Intellectual Products(Books, Movies DVD, ...
		If you want to listen to Gayageum, a 12-stringed traditional Korean musical instrument, please come the National Folk Museum at 3 p.m.
		Although Gayageum is acknowledged as an instrument played exclusively in traditional Korean music, you will find that it can also be played in Western music.
		The traditional Gayageum has 12 strings, but a reworked 25-stringed one will be used for the ensemble.
	www.seoulselection.com /events_read.html?cid=2836&area=home (102 words)

	Strathmore - Events & Tickets - Calendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The musicians of Chung-Ang University are on a tour of the United States to foster world unity in the light of the terrible sufferings experienced by Americans.
		The performance fuses Korean traditional music: Gayageum concertos, folk songs, pansori (musical drama), with Western orchestra to create an ambience of honor, peace, and unity.
		This synthesis is realized through a nine-part concert that allows the audience to experience both laughter and sadness.
	www.strathmore.org /eventstickets/calendar/view.asp?id=1204 (372 words)

	KOTUR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		While staying in Seoul, Korea this September, Michael spent time at the Geum Hyeon Traditional Music School and met internationally renowned Kim Young Dong who is Korea’s most famous traditional music artist.
		Upon meeting Michael, Kim Young Dong called together his top three students and they gave a private performance of traditional songs featuring the daegeum (similiar to a flute), the ajang (cello) and the gayageum (Korea’s equivalent of the zither.) Afterwards, Kim Young Dong gave Michael private instruction on the gayageum.
		In Korea, traditional music is performed not so much as entertainment but to allow for a refinement of the mind.
	www.kotur.net (300 words)

	2004 Byung-Ki Hwang (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Professor Byung-Ki Hwang, since his debut in modern Korean Gayageum with his work "The Forest" in 1962, has played a pivotal role in both the transmission and modernization of traditional Korean music.
		Hwang first took the international stage as a composer and performer at the Festival of Music and Art of This Century, held in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1965.
		During the ensuing decades he has held numerous Gayageum performances in the United States, Europe, Japan, Southeast Asia, New Zealand and Australia.
	www.hoamprize.org /english/prize/medalist/04_a_hbk.html (286 words)

	KBS GLOBAL
		The New York Korean Culture Center said on May 23 that it will organize the concert at the Alice Tully Hall of the Lincoln Center on June 10 in cooperation with the Korean Music Foundation.
		Gayageum musicians Seo Ra-mi and Park Herina will play a duet using the 25-string gayageum, while bass-baritone Cho Kyu-hee, who mostly sings in Europe, will perform with Manhattan Music School professor and pianist Lee Hye-suk.
		The purpose of the concert, which is in its fourth year, is to help Korean-American musicians establish a presence in the mainstream American music world and present audiences with the opportunity to enjoy their superb performances.
	english.kbs.co.kr /society/events/1352583_11777.html (338 words)

	Scoop: Sounds Korean (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This free event will feature Postcards from the Camp, by Cecilia Heejeong Kim, a socio-political work for amplified string quartet and video about the Korean ‘comfort women’, women who were used as sex slaves by the Japanese during the Second World War.
		Two works for the Korean gayageum zither, will be performed by Korean virtuoso Yi Ji-Young.
		The concert begins with a demonstration of traditional Korean instruments, the gayageum zither and changgo drum.
	www.scoop.co.nz /stories/CU0403/S00131.htm (1403 words)

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