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Topic: Gecekondu

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	Emre Kongar, "A survey of familial change in two Turkish gecekondu areas", in J
		Gecekondu areas grow very rapidly and the lack, or weak enforcement, of master plans in metropolitan areas is the major contributory factor to such a development.
		The gecekondu population of the city consists of about 200,000, most of whom moved into the city more than ten years ago (61 per cent; the comparable figure for Izmir as a whole is 71 per cent).
		It could be said, therefore, that, in terms of size, the gecekondu family in Turkey is quite urbanized, and that this urbanization is probably affected by the level of industrialization in the city in which the family lives.
	www.kongar.org /aen_ge.php (3826 words)

	Oda Projesi \| e
		Open a space for your self.« was the information of the previous advertisement for Iİstanbul and for Karlsruhe we want to add some other things like the gecekondus was originally from İstanbul and that you can make these houses in one night and in any part of the city that suits you.
		The project was to look to the city through gecekondu as not like it is just a house but also a way of thinking and living and adding to the city and to the life.
		To look to İstanbul through the issue of Gecekondu, which is just taken as something illegal that the »others« are making and that the others are harming the city.
	hosting.zkm.de /istanbul/e/projesi (423 words)

	Gecekondu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gecekondu is defined by the Redhouse Yeni Elsözlüğü İngilizce-Türkçe/Türkçe-İngilizce (The New Redhouse Portable English-Turkish Turkish-English Dictionary) as a house put up quickly without proper permissions; squatter's house; a shack of a house, shanty, shack.
		In Turkish gece literally means night and kondu means stayed for the night or camped/bivouacked.
		In English gecekondu is often translated as shanty town.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gecekondu (106 words)

	Gecekondu: Refugee for Iranian Refugees
		I witnessed their daily struggle to survive and at the same time to overcome many obstacles and threats in order to obtain refugee status with the UNHCR and resettle in a third country.
		In Turkish, ``Gecekondus'' means ``built overnight'' and refers to inner-city brick- and mud-houses which are built illegally.
		In one place, refugees were living in the only few houses left which were going to be demolished soon.
	www.irainc.org /text/pub/gecekondu.html (2128 words)

	Deconstructing the Gecekondu
		In that way, we might be able to free the debate from a too systematic assimilation of gecekondu with for example peripheries, urban poverty, or with illegal housing.
		The definition first suggested in 1953 by Fehmi Yavuz could be referred to as a starting point of study: ‘The gecekondu are hastily erected buildings, lacking most of the times elementary comfort conditions, not conforming to construction regulations and being developed regardless the land owner’s rights’3.
		He argues that the gecekondu, which has often been described as a "urban village" should be analysed through more relevant categories, after looking at the daily practices and discourses.
	www.materialien.org /worldwide/turkey/gecekondu/document195.html (1411 words)

	Got Essays? - 100% Free Essays, Need I Say More?
		People build their gecekondus with having rising expectations for their future because they don’t have pessimistic feelings although they live in slums in the lack of even electricity.
		Gecekondu people are negatively labeled (stigmatized) as ‘peasants in the city’, uneducated, uncivilized, uncultured, backwards.
		Gecekondu amnesty/pardoning become possible as gecekondu people play a role in production-having cheap labor potential and also in consumption by buying products which urban people use, in order to show that they can adapt to the urban life.
	www.gotessays.com /essays/3687/index.php (838 words)

	world in the citis
		If the first generation of Gecekondu formed a unique phenomenon of a village-structured self-organised flat procurement programme, which makes social nets and securities for newcomers, then in the second generation every square metre of floor was sold, condensed, increased and urbanised.
		These Gecekondu were without running water and connection to a sewage system, there were no secured streets, which gave the local offices a new task.
		The Gecekondu houses are always built in one night, this is why that is the meaning of this type of houses.
	www.learningfrom.com /kaltwasser.html (1152 words)

	Diyarbakır - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The city is surrounded by a dramatic and fully intact set of fl basalt walls, first constructed in 297, extending in a 5.5 km circle around the old city.
		The dramatic warren of alleyways and old-fashioned tenement blocks which makes up the old city contrast dramatically with the sprawling suburbs of modern apartment blocks and gecekondu slums to the west.
		Diyarbakır boasts numerous medieval mosques and madrassahs, crowned by the 11th century Ulu Cami ("Great Mosque") constructed by alternating bands of fl basalt and limestone.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Diyarbakir (534 words)

	Turkish PM faces big housing challenge
		The Turkish government led by Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan is waging war against the "gecekondu", which generally house people of rural origin who eke out a living in the city, often in menial jobs.
		Although the potentially explosive stand-off between security forces and the inhabitants of an Istanbul squatter area was defused on Thursday when city authorities and residents reached an agreement after nearly three hours of talks, Prime Minister Erdogan faces a long-haul addressing a problem papered over by successive governments.
		A small shop owner living in his premises jammed between two "gecekondu" in the area of Altindag in Ankara, was laconic when asked about the lives of people living in the neighbourhood.
	www.turkishpress.com /news.asp?ID=32468 (664 words)

	women in turkey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The purpose of this project is to examine the role of women in contemporary Turkish society.
		In some cases, this has occurred due to Turkey's rapid transformation from a rural to urban society This is particularly true in the case of carpet weavers and gecekondu women.
		Gecekondus, a phenomena of massive urban migration, provide opportunities for women to take on activities in the public domain, such as working outside the home.
	www.accd.edu /pac/humaniti/1301_tc/xornelas/T.htm (332 words)

	UT Population Research Center
		The above pictures were taken in Sultanbeyli, the largest gecekondu area in Istanbul.
		Gecekondu, the Turkish word for slum, meaning "built overnight," is the tangible symbol of the rural-to-urban migration and rapid informal urbanization processes that have taken place in Turkey since the 1950's.
		Most of the new migrants, who did not have access to formal industrial sector or to existing housing stock, met their shelter needs by occupying empty tracts of state owned land.
	www.prc.utexas.edu /photogallery/turkey-urbanpoor.html (146 words)

	guevenlik (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		They see their security threatened through partly highly politicised Gececkondu and long for a "sanitised" Istanbul after the illegal Gecekondu have been demolished.
		Many security cabins made of plastic are to be found in the city, with security guards sitting in them.
		Opposite this are the arguments of the city planners who are trying to demolish Gecekondu and rehouse people in apartment blocks.
	www.learningfrom.com /koebberling.html (202 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The objective is to review the meanings of a term that emerged half a century ago among social scientists working on Turkey and to provide a critical analysis of its use and abuse.
		From a space of otherness and stigmatization, it became a space of political mobilization as shown by Marie Leray, a political space in itself for Heidi Wedel, that must be connected to gender.
		Respecting the original approach of each discipline, the gecekondu was subjected to various analyses, conforming to the necessary link between theory and field research.
	www.ifea-istanbul.net /noire/EJTS.htm (427 words)

	PROJECTS PREPARED TO BE UNDERTAKEN BY EU CREDITS
		Finance Agreement of the “Basic Education Support Project” that shall be financed by the grant within the framework of European Union Mediterranean Program was signed on 03 November 1999 by the European Commission and by MONE on 04 February 2000.
		General purpose: To increase the level of education in urban, rural and “gecekondu” areas in order to contribute to increasing the life standards and to support the eight-year primary education reform.
		Specific purpose is to increase the average level of formal and non-formal education primarily for women and girls.
	www.meb.gov.tr /stats/apk2001ing/Section_11/4ProjectsPrepared.htm (845 words)

	Turkish Women Who See Death as a Way Out (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		They built cheap houses of mud and concrete along unpaved roads on land nobody wanted at the edges of the cities and continued to have large families.
		Batman's population doubled to 250,000 in the last two decades and the growth was concentrated in small neighborhoods of gecekondu, a Turkish phrase for houses slapped together quickly on vacant land.
		But he also said the government was developing programs to assist women, including a crisis-intervention hot line and reading and writing classes in the gecekondu neighborhoods.
	www.library.cornell.edu /colldev/mideast/batmnt.htm (1525 words)

	Israeli Kurdish Friendship League (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		No longer a third world city advancing towards modernity, Istanbul is increasingly becoming a vast peasant village or Mega Village-- that's how the Turkish media often refers to it.
		Most of these gecekondu structures are initially made of little more than cardboard and plastic, the better ones of hastily stacked breezeblock.
		Stronger buildings will eventually replace many of these houses, and with time, they may even be incorporated into the municipality.
	www.israelkurd.net /gonewrong2.html (385 words)

	Forum des amis de Lutte Ouvrière -> Nalan Türkeli, une femme des gecekondu
		Nalan vit dans un "gecekondu", l'un de ces maisons posées la nuit qui constituent les bidonvilles d'Istanbul.
		Envers et contre tous, elle tient son journal, alors qu'elle se bat chaque jour pour survivre, lutter contre la faim en travaillant en usine ou à ramasser les déchets, mais aussi les bien pensants.
		Apparemment vers 1994 il y a eu une explosion d'un gecekondu tout récent construit sur une décharge (à cause du méthane qui s'était formé).
	forumlo.cjb.net /index.php?showtopic=13244 (853 words)

	Mostra Competitiva (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		She will succeed, even if the emotional and the pity for the life condition in the bidonvilles, will soon leave place to indiference.
		Nalan continuesto move between gecekondu, the houses constructed over night by the homeless, that the next morning risk to be destructed.
		Her oldest son continues to steal birds that he will sell at the market, and is so also willing to kill if the local mob will pay him well enough.
	www.mnemocine.com.br /popoli/mostra.htm (1465 words)

	Turkish Welfare Party (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In the six years I had lived in that city in the late 1960s and early 1970s, I had been privileged to associate with Turks of all social and economic classes.
		But never, whether in a gecekondu (“put up in a night”) squatters’ hut or an elegant Bosporus villa, had I encountered such strict segregation of the sexes as at this social gathering.
		Hospitality was warm and sincere and the table was filled with the traditional goodies of the Turkish cuisine (minus the intoxicating drinks common in less Islamic homes).
	www.aihgs.com /turkishwelfareparty.htm (1750 words)

	Urban Basic Service for Mothers and Children in Peri-urban Neighborhoods (Turkey) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Facilitated by two Health Centre doctors and a Social Worker, the women volunteers took big strides in improving themselves and their immediate environment, while a majority of men remained indifferent.
		The establishment of the Urban Information House (UIH), manned by one Social Worker, has fostered the gecekondu women's access to urban institutions such as hospitals, schools, the governorate and the municipality, from which they are normally intimidated.
		In 1991 an "Intersectoral Committee for the Children of the Gecekondu (Squatter)" was formed and chaired by the governor at the city level.
	www.unesco.org /most/easteur2.htm (900 words)

	Encyclopedia: Gecekondu
		FACTOID # 198: Mozambique has the most active female workforce, and the largest over the age of 65.
		Shanty towns (sometimes called bidonvilles) or the academic term informal settlements, are units of irregular low-cost and self-constructed housing built on terrain seized and occupied illegally â€” usually on lands belonging to third parties, most often located in the periphery of the cities.
		Click here to add NationMaster.com to your list of search engines (requires Mozilla or Firefox)
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Gecekondu (184 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Europe / A1-4
		The other coffee shop, 20 miles to the east on the city’s industrial outskirts, has no name because it was built in an illegal dwelling off the side of a highway.
		The rickety structure was thrown up in the dead of night, like most of the housing and small shops where Turkey’s minority ethnic Kurds scratch out an existence in what are known as ‘‘gecekondu,’’ or night dwellings.
		Hassan Uzoglu, 42, the owner, said he arrived in this area of open sewers, pot-holed roads, and hovels of cinder block and corrugated tin in the late 1980s when his village in southeast Turkey was destroyed during the civil war between the government and a Kurdish separatist insurgency.
	www.boston.com /news/world/europe/articles/2004/12/18/divided_turkey_faces_long_road_to_eu_membership (511 words)

	The Epoch Times \| Book Review: Shadow Cities: A Billion Squatters, a New Urban World
		Here too, the people periodically improve on their houses, till their makeshift dwellings begin to look like charming little country cottages with red tile roofs, gardens in front, and shade trees for sitting under in the warm season.
		What’s even more surprising is that the original gecekondus did not tumble down during the earthquakes.
		The houses that did crumble were the copycat versions built by developers.
	english.epochtimes.com /news/5-4-10/27739.html (1025 words)

	Asia Times Online - News from greater China; Hong Kong and Taiwan
		The cast of characters - with their long, pointed beards, decorated hats, dark cloaks and fl boots - are all Uighurs: an ethnic subdivision of the Turks who dominated Mongolia in the 8th and 9th centuries.
		The music, still on audio cassettes, is gecekondu arabesk, Turkish pop.
		Most women wear multicolored scarves, but quite a few wear a chador or a thick brown cloth thrown over their heads.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/China/EK01Ad01.html (2392 words)

	THE LOGIC OF CONTEMPORARY TURKISH POLITICS
		The chance of obtaining educational and occupational credentials for a person to gain and sustain a high income lifestyle is more in the metropolitan areas and western parts of the country (Ibid.: Chap.
		Studies indicate that most squatter settlement (gecekondu) dwellers are from peasant origins.
		The WP's two main sources of growing support are in the gecekondu (shanty town) settlements, at the cutting edge of social and cultural instaband in those areas most hardhit by the Kurdish revolt.
	meria.idc.ac.il /journal/1997/issue3/jv1n3a6.html (5854 words)

	New faces of Islam, by Wendy Kristianasen
		Coming to power in 1983, Mr Ozal accelerated this process, recruiting these elements into his own party, increasing their strongholds in the ministries of education and interior (6), and publicly admitting religion as an essential component of Turkish identity.
		Under his liberal policies and economic "opening", the Islamists were able to carve out a parallel society to which they attracted the Anatolian immigrants to the big cities - from the huge numbers of gecekondu (shanty town) dwellers to the growing ranks of businessmen, professionals, intellectuals and the like.
		The deregulation of broadcasting gave Islamists a powerful voice of their own, with various TV channels including the nation-wide Channel Seven.
	mondediplo.com /1997/07/turkey (2973 words)

	The Coming Anarchy - Global Policy Forum - Nations and States
		My guidebook to Golden Mountain was an untypical one: Tales From the Garbage Hills, a brutally realistic novel by a Turkish writer, Latife Tekin, about life in the shantytowns, which in Turkey are called gecekondus ("built in a night").
		Villages are emptying out as concentric rings of gecekondu developments grow around Turkish cities.
		This is the real political and demographic revolution in Turkey and elsewhere, and foreign correspondents usually don't write about it.
	www.globalpolicy.org /nations/future/kaplan7.htm (11131 words)

	Reason: Illegal Cities: Life among the Third World’s squatters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		If a person succeeds in building a home on unoccupied land, eviction requires a court hearing and can be difficult.
		This rule had led to the practice of gecekondu residency, by which an aspiring squatter builds a home-like structure in a single night and then asserts occupancy in the morning.
		Fully half the 6 million residents of Istanbul now live in gecekondu homes.
	www.reason.com /0508/cr.rn.illegal.shtml (1508 words)

	İSTANBUL 'DA 85 BİN GECEKONDU YIKILACAK : İstanbul IMC
		Mesken ve Gecekondu Müdürü Hüseyin Kaya, Kentsel Dönüşüm Projesi kapsamındaki en büyük yıkımı Okmeydanı’nda gerçekleştireceklerini kaydetti.
		2003 yılında yaptıkları araştırmada, kent genelinde toplam 85 bin 423 gecekondu tespit ettiklerini kaydeden Kaya, gecekondulaşmaya karşı geliştirilen proje kapsamında Armutlu, Sarıgöl ve Gazi Mahallesi’ndeki bin 500 gecekondunun yıkımına başlandığını belirtti.
		Pendik Kurtköy’de, "Kentsel Dönüşüm ve Sosyal Konut Üretimi" için 44 gecekondunun yıkılarak yerine Emlak ve İstimlak Daire Başkanlığı-Mesken ve Gecekondu İşleri Müdürlüğü tarafından 193 yeni sosyal konut yapılacağı açıklayan Kaya, Baltalimanı-TEM Bağlantı Yolunda sürdürülen çalışma kapsamında bugüne kadar tasfiye edilip yıkılan gecekondu sayısının 149’a ulaştığını belirtti.
	www.istanbul.indymedia.org /news/2005/07/42811.php (240 words)

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