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Topic: Gemcitabine

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	Gemcitabine: Encyclopedia of Cancer
		Gemcitabine is a drug that is used to treat advanced stages of pancreatic, lung, and other cancers.
		Gemcitabine has activity against metastatic bladder cancer and recurrent ovarian cancer, and further clinical trials are underway.
		Gemcitabine is being evaluated for its effectiveness in the treatment of uterine, stomach, laryngeal and hypopharyngeal, and colon and rectal cancers.
	health.enotes.com /cancer-encyclopedia/gemcitabine (757 words)

	Product Label
		Gemcitabine was synergistic with cisplatin in the Lewis lung murine xenograft.
		Gemcitabine induced forward mutations in vitro in a mouse lymphoma (L5178Y) assay and was clastogenic in an in vivo mouse micronucleus assay.
		Gemcitabine was negative when tested using the Ames, in vivo sister chromatid exchange, and in vitro chromosomal aberration assays, and did not cause unscheduled DNA synthesis in vitro.
	www.accessdata.fda.gov /scripts/cder/onctools/labels.cfm?GN=gemcitabine (3107 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Gemcitabine (Systemic) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Gemcitabine interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are eventually destroyed.
		Studies in mice and rabbits have shown that gemcitabine causes birth defects and death of the fetus, as well as problems in the mother.
		Gemcitabine may lower your body's resistance, and there is a chance you might get the infection that the immunization is meant to prevent.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/203038.html (1553 words)

	Gemzar Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients - Gemcitabine Hcl - RxList Monographs
		(gemcitabine HCl) is a nucleoside analogue that exhibits antitumor activity.
		Gemcitabine HCl is a white to off-white solid.
		Vials of Gemzar contain either 200 mg or 1 g of gemcitabine HCl (expressed as free base) formulated with mannitol (200 mg or 1 g, respectively) and sodium acetate (12.5 mg or 62.5 mg, respectively) as a sterile lyophilized powder.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic/gemcitab.htm (152 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Cytotoxic effects of Gemcitabine-loaded liposomes in human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma ...
		Gemcitabine is a new fluorinated nucleoside analogue provided with a potent anti-tumour activity, tested in vitro and in vivo against a variety of solid malignancies [3-6].
		The amount of gemcitabine entrapped in liposomes was determined as a difference between the amount of drug added during liposome preparation and the amount of the entrapped drug present in the supernatant.
		In the last years, gemcitabine has emerged as a very potent anti-tumour drug and it is currently used, alone or in combination, in the treatment of patients with different malignancies, including ovarian, pancreatic, non-small cell lung and other cancers [3-6].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2407/4/63 (2682 words)

	s000329c - Pancreatic Cancer - Gemcitabine Therapy
		The results with gemcitabine: indicated that evaluation of new chemotherapeutic agents in pancreatic cancer should not be limited to the evaluation of: response rates; single agent gemcitabine not only showed higher response rates than 5FU, but also resulted in clinical: benefit for the patients.
		However, recent: clinical data have shown that gemcitabine produces similar results in terms of response rate and survival, with more: acceptable toxicity, so that the quality of life was judged to be better than with fluorouracil.
		Clinical studies with gemcitabine have demonstrated anticancer activity in pancreatic: cancer; non-small-cell lung cancer; breast, bladder, and ovarian cancers; and small-cell lung cancer.
	www.emory.edu /WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch99/s000329c.html (5740 words)

	Gemcitabine Approved for Pancreatic Cancer
		Gemcitabine is the first new treatment for pancreatic cancer to be approved in several decades.
		Gemcitabine significantly prolonged survival (median survival was 5.7 months with gemcitabine and 4.2 months with 5- FU) and improved disease-related symptoms (pain, weight change, disability).
		Gemcitabine is currently under investigation for the treatment of several additional types of cancer, including ovarian cancer.
	pharminfo.8media.org /pubs/msb/gemcit.html (512 words)

	Gemcitabine [Gemzar]
		Gemcitabine has been shown to be a potent radiosensitizer, and this property has been used to downsize LMS tumors in chemoradiation regimens.
		Gemcitabine hydrochloride is a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside, and is an antineoplastic agent.
		Gemcitabine works in a specific part of the cell cycle, at the beginning of [the G1-S border] and during [the S phase] the DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle.
	www.bctonline.com /~dwhiting/lms/chemo52gem.htm (4634 words)

	Gemcitabine : by Ray Sahelian, M.D. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Gemcitabine is used to treat cancer of the breast, pancreas.
		Gemcitabine should be administered with caution in patients with underlying cardiac disease.
		Gemcitabine is already approved in the United States for lung, pancreatic and breast cancers and is approved outside the United States for ovarian cancer.
	www.raysahelian.com /gemcitabine.html (1855 words)

	Gemcitabine and Radiation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In this trial, gemcitabine demonstrated a small but significant improvement in overall survival and increased the proportion of nine-month survivors from 6 percent with 5-fluorouracil to 24 percent.
		Gemcitabine usually is well-tolerated, although significant toxicities have been reported including thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, asthenia, fever, nausea and vomiting.
		Since gemcitabine has some activity in pancreas cancer and may enhance the activity of radiation, Ellis Fischel has joined its investigational resources with those of the Fox Chase Cancer Center and the University of Michigan to help identify the appropriate dosing, schedule and activity of gemcitabine with radiation therapy before attempted surgical resection.
	www.ellisfischel.org /oncreview/noDate.shtml (907 words)

	Frequently Asked Questions About the Mistletoe-Gemcitabine Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A commercially available drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration, gemcitabine is commonly used as a treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and gynecological cancers.
		Gemcitabine is given intravenously (through a vein) on day 1 and day 8 of a 21-day cycle.
		Gemcitabine is not given during the third week.
	nccam.nih.gov /mistletoe/faq.htm (1613 words)

	ACS :: Cancer Drug Guide: gemcitabine
		Gemcitabine belongs to a general group of chemotherapy drugs known as antimetabolites.
		Gemcitabine is given as an injection in a vein over 30 minutes.
		Gemcitabine can decrease your white blood cell count, especially 10 to 14 days after the drug is given.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/CDG/content/CDG_gemcitabine.asp (702 words)

	Camptosar (Irinotecan)/Gemcitabine Combination Shows Promising Survival Rate in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This combination treatment demonstrated a one-year survival rate of 27 percent, which is greater than that reported with gemcitabine alone in previous studies of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (15 percent and 18 percent one-year survival rates, respectively).
		The Phase II study, consisting of 45 patients, evaluated the efficacy and safety of irinotecan combined with gemcitabine in patients with previously untreated unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer.
		Gemcitabine is a chemotherapeutic agent with demonstrated activity in pancreatic cancer and is considered the standard of care for this disease.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/214d0e.htm (673 words)

	Pancreatic cancer - gemcitabine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		People with advanced or metastatic (when the cancer has spread to other parts of the body) pancreatic cancer may be treated with gemcitabine as a first line treatment if they have a Karnofsky performance score of 50 or more.
		Gemcitabine should not be used for people with pancreatic cancer who are suitable for surgery that may cure their cancer, or those who have a Karnofsky performance score of less than 50.
		Gemcitabine should not be used as a second line treatment for people with pancreatic cancer, because there is insufficient evidence to support this practice.
	www.nice.org.uk /ta025 (235 words)

	Clinical Trial: Intrathecal Gemcitabine to Treat Neoplastic Meningitis
		Gemcitabine is an investigational drug for treatment of neoplastic meningitis (cancer that has spread to the lining of the brain and spinal cord).
		Following the first dose of gemcitabine we would like to draw special blood and spinal fluid samples to help us learn how much of the drug is in the blood and spinal fluid.
		In addition to intrathecal gemcitabine, patients may receive other chemotherapy, not given directly into the fluid surrounding the brain and spine, as recommended by their doctor for the treatment or prevention of cancer outside the lining of the brain and spinal cord.
	clinicaltrials.gov /ct/show/NCT00074607 (1127 words)

	Gemcitabine: Mesothelioma Chemotherapy drugs
		Gemcitabine is a clear liquid administered by an infusion that usually takes no longer than half an hour.
		Some patients will experience a temporary effect on their liver and/or kidney functions, but these effects are unlikely to be noticed by the patient, and both liver and kidney will generally return to normal at the end of treatment.
		Gemcitabine may cause a mild treatable rash in some patients but again this symptom is temporary.
	www.mesothelioma-cancer-treatment.com /pages/gemcitabine.html (545 words)

	Irinotecan Combined with Gemcitabine, 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Cisplatin (G-FLIP) is an Effective and ...
		with 5-FU bolus and infusion, leucovorin, gemcitabine, and oxaliplatin
		Gemcitabine and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer.
		Gemcitabine combined with continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil in advanced and symptomatic pancreatic cancer: a clinical benefit-oriented phase II study.
	theoncologist.alphamedpress.org /cgi/content/full/6/6/488 (3254 words)

	Malignant Mesothelioma Treatment: Gemcitabine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A chemotherapy agent, gemcitabine has demonstrated activity against mesothelioma cell lines “in vitro” (in test tubes and other artificial environments).
		The effect of using gemcitabine alone to treat malignant mesothelioma patients is unclear, however.
		The University of Chicago researchers felt that additional mesothelioma studies should involve combining gemcitabine with other chemotherapy agents such as pemetrexed (Alimta™) or vinorelbine.
	www.mesotheliomasite.com /news/news_031502_gemcitabine.htm (304 words)

	Lung Cancer Online: Treatment Agents & Regimens: gemcitabine (Gemzar)
		Clinical practice guideline for the use of gemcitabine in non-small cell lung cancer.
		Factsheet describes gemcitabine (also known as Gemzar), how it is given and some of its possible side effects.
		Thought to be a case of radiation recall phenomenon, cessation of gemcitabine and and systemic steroids are recommended for management and symptomatic relief.
	www.lungcanceronline.org /treatment-agents/G/gemcitabine.html (396 words)

	Gene therapy improves gemcitabine effects in experimental glioma model
		As gemcitabine is an anticancer agent with established efficacy, use of gene therapy to increase its enzymatic activation was hypothesised to offer potential improvements in chemo- and radiotherapy efficacy.
		Although the combination of gemcitabine and radiotherapy had a pronounced synergistic effect, with 60% of animals tumour-free after 100 days compared to 0% on monotherapy, increased dCK levels did not impact on tumour growth or survival.
		Experiments with C6 and 9L rat models are ongoing to further probe the promising increase in chemo- and radiosensitising effects of gemcitabine observed in response to elevated dCK levels.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-10/foec-gti103105.php (1173 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Gemcitabine Hydrochloride
		Gemcitabine is in a class of drugs known as pyrimidine analogs; it slows or stops the growth of cancer cells.
		The length of treatment depends on the types of drugs you are taking, how well your body responds to them, and the type of cancer you have.
		The most common side effect of gemcitabine is a decrease in the number of blood cells.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a696019.html (447 words)

	Gemcitabine - Gemzar(TM) single agent Pancreatic cancer chemotherapy regimens - The Doctors Lounge(TM)
		Abstract: Improvements in survival and clinical benefit with gemcitabine as first-line therapy for patients with advanced pancreas cancer: a randomized trial.
		The survival rate at 12 months was 18% for gemcitabine patients and 2% for 5-FU patients.
		Improvements in survival and clinical benefit with gemcitabine as first-line therapy for patients with advanced pancreas cancer: a randomized trial.
	www.thedoctorslounge.net /oncology/regimens/pancreas/gemcitabine.htm (365 words)

	Gemcitabine + Platinum Combination
		The combination of gemcitabine + platinum (either cisplatin, carboplatin, or oxaliplatin) is the most important drug combination introduced for the treatment of solid tumors in the past 15 years.
		In our experience, gemcitabine + platinum combinations are the most synergistic drug combinations in solid tumors which we have ever tested.
		Gemcitabine combined with cisplatin as first-line treatment in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a phase II study.
	www.cecilyadams.com /gemzar.htm (1100 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Gemcitabine in combination with EGF-Receptor antibody (Cetuximab) as a treatment of ...
		Gemcitabine is a promising agent, which has shown efficacy in biliary tract cancer.
		Gemcitabine is administered as single agent or in combination with other cytotoxic partners.
		As a recent phase II study indicates, that EGFR-targeted therapy in combination with gemcitabine might improve the outcome in pancreatic cancer [6], we initiated an experimental course of gemcitabine in combination with EGFR antibody (cetuximab) for a patient suffering from unresectable CC.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2407/6/190 (2813 words)

	Capecitabine and Gemcitabine help battle pancreatic cancer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The median survival for gemcitabine alone and gemcitabine and capecitabine was 6 months and 7.4 months respectively but 1-year survival rates were 19% and 26% respectively.
		The investigators concluded there was a significant improvement in overall survival by the addition of capecitabine to gemcitabine over gemcitabine alone in advanced pancreatic cancer with acceptable levels of toxicity.
		Dr Ian Chau from the Royal Marsden Hospital, UK, commented, "The combination of gemcitabine and capecitabine confers a survival advantage over standard gemcitabine monotherapy and may be considered as a new standard of care in advanced pancreatic cancer.
	www.news-medical.net /?id=14268 (520 words)

	Combined Modality Therapy of Gemcitabine and Radiation -- Pauwels et al. 10 (1): 34 -- The Oncologist
		Radiosensitization of mouse sarcoma cells by fludarabine (F-ara-A) or gemcitabine (dFdC), two nucleoside analogues, is not mediated by an increased induction or a repair inhibition of DNA double-strand breaks as measured by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
		Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin for pancreatic cancer: From the laboratory to the clinic.
		Alternating gemcitabine and cisplatin with gemcitabine and radiation in stage IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
	theoncologist.alphamedpress.org /cgi/content/full/10/1/34 (7207 words)

	Thermal Therapy for Cancer: WB-TT + Cisplatin + Gemcitabine + Interferon Protocol - A
		This study is for patients with one of a variety of measurable, inoperable cancers including gastric, liver, lung, head and neck cancer as well as melanoma and cholangioma, whose pre-testing demonstrates that they have met the eligibility requirements.
		Cisplatin, gemcitabine and interferon are the only chemotherapy drugs that are used in this treatment plan.
		A second dose of gemcitabine chemotherapy is given, usually by the patient's own oncologist, a week after the fever-range whole-body hyperthermia/gemcitabine treatment.
	www.uth.tmc.edu /thermaltherapy/WBHGemCisI.html (631 words)

	Gemcitabine
		Gemcitabine is an intravenous (IV) medication that is usually given in a dose based on body surface area.
		Gemcitabine interferes with how cells divide, which stops the growth of the cancer cells.
		Gemcitabine should be administered only under the supervision of a medical oncologist.
	www.webmd.com /hw/cancer/tw9431.asp (262 words)

	CFS: Gemcitabine Remains Best Approach For Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		As Dr. Rothenberg sees it, there are three ways to improve the efficacy of gemcitabine: modify the dosing and delivery method; combine it with other chemotherapy agents, or; replace it with more effective but similar compounds.
		Similarly, although phase II trials combining gemcitabine with other agents have not significantly increased overall patient survival, some have increased the duration of progression-free survival.
		He is particularly enthusiastic about an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group's (ECOG) phase III randomized trial comparing a 30-minute infusion of 1000 mg/m2 gemcitabine to a 150-minute infusion of 1500 mg/m2 gemcitabine to a 30-minute infusion of 1000 mg/m2 gemcitabine plus 100 mg/m2 oxaliplatin.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/222f72.htm (491 words)

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