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	Gemini Observatory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Gemini telescopes were built and are operated by a consortium consisting of the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Chile, Brazil, Argentina, and Australia.
		This partnership is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), and the headquarters of the observatory are located in Hilo, Hawaii.
		The Gemini Observatory's international headquarters is located in Hilo, Hawaii at the University of Hawaii at Hilo's University Park.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gemini_Observatory (393 words)

	APOD: 2003 September 9 - A Gemini Sky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is dusk and Gemini North, one of the
		Gemini dome is not transparent -- it only appears so because it rotated during the exposures of this image.
		Gemini North's twin, Gemini South, resides in Cerro Pachn,
	antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov /apod/ap030909.html (192 words)

	Origins: Library: News: Story of the Universe
		Gemini scientists believe that the outflow is likely occurring symmetrically around the star - a second giant-sized expanding nebula to the left of the star is hidden from view by a dense and extensive disk (or torus) of material encircling AFGL 2591.
		Gemini North recently began science operations and Gemini South is scheduled to begin scientific operations in August 2001.
		The Gemini Observatory is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (NSF).
	origins.jpl.nasa.gov /library/story/072301-a_old.html (617 words)

	AURA - Our Astronomy Centers
		GEMINI OBSERVATORY - The Gemini Observatory is an international partnership to operate twin 8.1-meter telescopes, one on Hawaii's Mauna Kea and the other on Chile's Cerro Pachon.
		NATIONAL SOLAR OBSERVATORY (NSO) - The mission of the National Solar Observatory is to advance our understanding of the Sun in its astrophysical context as a star, as the driver of conditions in interplanetary space, in its influence on the terrestrial atmosphere, and in its role in long-term climate change.
		The NIO is a partnership between NOAO and the Gemini Observatory.
	www.aura-astronomy.org /wwa/oac.asp (445 words)

	Space Today Online - Deep Space Astronomy - Gemini South Observatory in Chile
		The Gemini South Telescope, perched at a height of 8,895 feet atop the desolate peak of Cerro Pachón Mountain in the Andes mountain range in Chile, officially opened its eyes on Jan. 18, 2002.
		Gemini North and Gemini South can make observations at the same time with each looking at an ara of the sky that is not visible to the other.
		The Gemini mirror was fused in a lab in the United States from 23 metric tonnes of ultra-iow expansion glass.
	www.spacetoday.org /DeepSpace/Telescopes/GeminiSouthChile.html (654 words)

	Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) is a complex of astronomical telescopes and instruments located at 30.169 S, 70.804 W, approximately 80 km to the East of La Serena, Chile at an altitude of 2200 meters.
		The principal instruments are the 4 meter Victor Blanco reflecting telescope, and the 4.1 meter SOAR telescope, dedicated in April 2004.
		One of the two 8-meter telescopes comprising the Gemini Observatory is co-located with CTIO on AURA property in Chile.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cerro_Tololo_Inter-American_Observatory (192 words)

	LNA - GEMINI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Gemini Project is an international partnership to build two 8-meter telescopes, one on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, and one on Cerro Pachon, Chile.
		Detailed studies require the Gemini combination of wavelength coverage, angular resolution and sensitivity to probe matter distributions and distinguish the signatures of microlensing and variable substructures within lensed sources.
		Excellent images and superb IR performance will allow Gemini to reach the farthest known galaxies, explore their structures and stellar content, and provide the key to understanding the relation between stellar populations, chemical enrichment history, and the dynamical history of present day galaxies.
	www.lna.br /gemini/gemini_e.html (760 words)

	A stellar debut for Gemini Observatory's online image gallery
		Gemini North GMOS image of the “Fireworks Galaxy” NGC 6946 which straddles the boundries between the constellations of Cepheus and Cygnus.
		The first, taken by the Gemini North telescope atop Mauna Kea on the big island of Hawaii, was made public on New Year's Eve, 2004, and shows the face-on spiral galaxy NGC 6946 ablaze with galactic fireworks.
		Gemini is an international partnership managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-01/nsf-asd010605.php (758 words)

	Spirit of Aloha - Aloha Airlines' in-flight magazine with information on Hawaii vacations, Hawaiian island maps and the ...
		This image of the central region of the Trifid Nebula was taken by the Gemini North 8-meter telescope on Mauna Kea, June 5, 2002.
		Of all the information I gathered visiting Gemini Observatory today, what first leaps to mind is the Redshift Desert-not a place, but a time, an era when most of the stars supposedly formed, when the Universe was somewhere between 3 billion and 6 billion years old.
		Recently, the Gemini North telescope on Mauna Kea (an identical telescope, Gemini South, is located on a mountaintop in Chile-thus the name Gemini, like the twins in the sky) broke through the barrier and looked into the blind spot.
	www.spiritofaloha.com /features/0304/space.html (2020 words)

	Gemini Observatory Welcomes The New Year With Galactic Fireworks
		Astronomers at Gemini Observatory are ushering in the New Year with a striking image that dazzles the eye with stellar pyrotechnics.
		Gemini Cuts Deep Into Galactic Core With Release Of First Data (October 17, 2000) -- The first scientific observations from the Gemini North telescope provide a dramatic glimpse into the elusive core of the Milky Way, including an intriguing bow-shock from a star as it plows into a...
		The image of the face-on spiral galaxy NGC 6946 is ablaze with a colourful galactic fireworks display fuelled by the births and deaths of multitudes of brilliant, massive stars.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/01/050111181528.htm (921 words)

	Gemini Observatory celebrates historic first for observational astronomy
		The Gemini telescopes are located on both sides of the equator to provide complete sky coverage for astronomers within the seven-country Gemini partnership.
		The Gemini Observatory provides the astronomical communities in each partner country with state-of-the-art astronomical facilities that allocates observing time in proportion to each country's contribution.
		The Observatory is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the NSF.
	www.govertschilling.nl /nieuws/archief/2002/0201/020118_gemini.htm (599 words)

	International Gemini Observatory officially launched - National Research Council Canada
		The Gemini Observatory, as the combination of the north and south telescopes is known, incorporates new technologies that allow large, relatively thin mirrors under active control to collect and focus both optical and infrared radiation from space.
		Gemini provides the astronomical communities in partner countries with observing time in proportion to their country's contribution to the partnership.
		Dramatic early science images from Gemini as well as images of the observatory facility and dedication ceremony along with other media resources are available at http://astra.hi.gemini.edu/media/GSDedication/.
	www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca /newsroom/news/2002/gemini02_e.html (675 words)

	SPACE.com -- New Images From New Telescope: Gemini South Goes Live
		Both observatories sit on high mountains known for clear air that is relatively free of the water vapor that obscures observations from lower elevations.
		The capability of Gemini North, which has been operational since 1999, was illustrated earlier this month when astronomers announced the telescoped had helped discover a brown dwarf star orbiting surprisingly close to a larger, normal star.
		Gemini South is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with National Science Foundation, which oversees the observatories.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/astronomy/gemini_south_020118.html (645 words)

	SPACE.com -- Gemini Observatory photographs sharp views of objects at center of our galaxy
		As the name suggests, Gemini Observatory is a twin-telescope system, with identical large telescopes thousands of kilometers apart to look at the northern and southern skies.
		Gemini North, as the Hawaii telescope is known, is currently being commissioned and will begin regular scientific use early next year.
		Its twin, Gemini South, is being built on Cerro Pachon in central Chile.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/astronomy/gemini_observatory_001017.html (807 words)

	JS Online: Computers help bring telescopes into focus
		At observatories such as the W.M. Keck Observatory and the Gemini North Observatory in Hawaii, new systems were installed and tested in November.
		Gemini is a public observatory, funded through the National Science Foundation and by six other nations.
		Keck, a private observatory funded by California Institute of Technology and the W.M. Keck Foundation, is in the process of integrating a massive $6 million laser with an adaptive optics system already in place.
	www.jsonline.com /news/gen/dec02/101837.asp?format=print (1543 words)

	Cover Pages: Gemini Observatory Project
		The Gemini project "is a multi-national effort to build twin 8.1 meter astronomical telescopes utilizing new technology to produce some of the sharpest views of the universe ever.
		XML DTD for the Gemini 8m Telescope extensions and constraints
		To ensure that all the National TAC-recommended proposals are transmitted to Gemini Observatory in a common format, XML (extensible markup language) has been adopted for encoding the proposal information.
	xml.coverpages.org /gemini.html (701 words)

	Newswise
		Gemini North and its partner, Gemini South in Chile, are among the largest, most advanced telescopes in the world.
		Gemini North is expected to start scientific operations by mid-2000, and Gemini South, on Cerro Pachon in northern Chile, about a year later.
		The Gemini Observatory Project is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA), a non-profit consortium of 29 U.S. institutions and five international affiliates.
	www.newswise.com /articles/view?id=GEMINI.NSF (660 words)

	Serendipitous Science: Canadian Student's Contest Essay May Prompt A Closer Look at Stellar Birthplace \| SpaceRef - ...
		The contest was sponsored by Gemini Observatory, the H.R. MacMillan Space Centre, the Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics (HIA) from the National Research Council of Canada, and the University of British Columbia.
		Gemini Observatory is a cooperative partnership between seven countries -- Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Argentina, Brazil and Chile.
		Gemini Fellow Dr. Kathy Roth, the astronomer in charge at the observatory the night of the Trifid imaging, made the decision to switch to a much more detailed study of the nebula.
	www.spaceref.com /news/viewpr.html?pid=8710 (1038 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Telescopes catch-up with Hubble
		The new Gemini telescopes, equipped with advanced instruments, are producing images of deep space that rival the HST's.
		The Gemini Observatory comprises two large telescopes - one in the Northern Hemisphere and one in the South.
		Bryan Miller of the Gemini Observatory says: "Although the images are spectacular, the instrument is primarily a spectrograph and that is where its capabilities are most significant for scientists."
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/low/sci/tech/3038800.stm (327 words)

	Gemini Observatory Celebrates Historic First
		NSF provides nearly 50 percent of the Gemini project costs on behalf of the United States and serves as the executive agency for the partnership.
		The Gemini Observatory is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc.
		Early discoveries from Gemini North, dedicated on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, in 1999, include surprising conditions surrounding a supermassive fl hole at the core of an active galaxy, and regions of gas and dust circling stars where early planetary systems might be forming.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2002/01/020121091243.htm (674 words)

	The Chronicle: Daily news: 10/24/2002 -- 01
		When astronomers travel to an observatory, it's often "luck of the draw" whether they can accomplish what they signed up months earlier to try, says Peter Michaud, public information and outreach manager for the new Gemini Observatory.
		The Gemini Observatory is the result of a collaboration involving seven countries -- Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Britain, Canada, Chile, and the United States -- and more than 4,000 scientists from those countries.
		But with one night's use of the Gemini Observatory valued at $32,000, he says, it is critical to have the most efficient system for scheduling its use.
	chronicle.com /free/2002/10/2002102401t.htm (1319 words)

	Bill Keel's Telescope Life List - Gemini Observatory
		The Gemini project culminated in the construction of two 8-meter, infrared-optimized telescopes spanning both hemispheres and the whole sky.
		The Gemini instrument complement is still growing, delayed by a crisis involving the near-IR spectrograph and loss of a multiobject spectrograph with the destruction of Australia's Mt. Stromlo Observatory in a wildfire.
		Even when adaptive optics are not in use, the Gemini system pays a lot of attention to the wavefront and image quality, keeping the optical train actively aligned and focused.
	www.astr.ua.edu /keel/telescopes/gemini.html (629 words)

	Scientific American: Gemini Observatory Probes Galaxy’s Churning Core (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Astronomers using the Gemini North Telescope on Hawaii's Mauna Kea report that they have created a three-dimensional movie of a powerful, active galaxy located some 70 million light years away.
		The benefit of using the advanced Gemini telescope, the scientists say, stems from its capacity for capturing and refining light.
		Gemini scientist Jean-Rene Roy compares the shockwave-type effect the enormous jets inflict on the galaxy's surrounding gaseous disk to that of "a huge wave smashing onto a galactic shoreline."
	www.sciam.com /print_version.cfm?articleID=000C8FF5-FF1A-1CCF-B4A8809EC588EEDF (384 words)

	Gemini Observatory - Directorate Staff (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Matt Mountain is the Director of the Gemini Observatory.
		Between joining Gemini in November 1992 and assuming the Directorship in December 1994, Matt was the International Project Scientist, chairing the International Gemini Science Committee and providing scientific leadership to the Project.
		Before joining Gemini, Matt was working at the Joint Astronomy Centre in Hawaii in charge of a program for implementing active and adaptive optics on the UKIRT Telescope.
	gemini.ast.cam.ac.uk /people/directorate.html (637 words)

	01.07.2002 - With new adaptive optics at Gemini Observatory, astronomers discover edge-on protoplanetary disk in ...
		This press release is being issued concurrently by the Gemini Observatory, UC Berkeley, the Harvard-Smithsonian CfA and NSF's National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO).
		The Gemini North telescope is located at Mauna Kea, Hawaii, and the Gemini South telescope is at Cerro Pachon in central Chile.
		The Gemini Observatory is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/2002/01/07_optics.html (970 words)

	Sowing An Information Garden: Gemini's Home-Grown Catalog
		Gemini is a multinational organization with two main telescope sites, one in Hawaii and a twin in Chile.
		The JAC is a neighboring observatory that had a library but no librarian to manage it, and it had grown a bit out of control.
		Ruth Kneale is the observatory librarian for the Gemini Observatory in Tucson, Arizona; Hilo, Hawaii; and La Serena, Chile.
	www.infotoday.com /cilmag/feb02/kneale&aspin.htm (2196 words)

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