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Topic: Gemini program

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	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gemini spacecraft 6A and 7 rendevous in orbit.
		Gemini was the third manned spaceflight program undertaken by the United States of America, though it was completed before the second such program (Apollo).
		Gemini was originally seen as a simple extrapolation of the Mercury program and thus early on was called Mercury Mark II.
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/g/ge/gemini_program.html (314 words)

	Project Gemini - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The original intention was for Gemini to use a paraglider instead of a parachute, and the crew to be seated upright controlling the forward motion of the craft before its landing.
		The Gemini program was managed by the Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas, under direction of the Office of Manned Space Flight, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C, Dr. George E. Mueller, Associate Administrator of NASA for Manned Space Flight, served as acting director of the Gemini program.
		The Gemini Program was conceived after it became evident to NASA officials that an intermediate step was required between the projects Mercury and Apollo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gemini_program (1832 words)

	Gemini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gemini is a program that compares two circuit netlists and reports whether they are exactly the same, pinpointing differences if there are any.
		Gemini is typically used to determine whether a VLSI circuit layout is correct by comparing the wirelist extracted from the layout to the specification wirelist.
		Gemini is a program based on a well-known graph isomorphism algorithm that is very efficient for comparing circuits encountered in practice.
	www.cs.washington.edu /research/projects/lis/www/gemini/gemini.html (852 words)

	Spaceflight :Project Gemini
		This photograph of the Gemini 7 spacecraft was taken from the hatch window of the Gemini 6 spacecraft during rendezvous and station keeping maneuvers at an altitude of approximately 160 miles on December 15, 1965.
		Gemini 1 made 64 orbits and confirmed that the Titan II launch vehicle and the spacecraft were compatible.
		The Gemini VI flight, scheduled for launch on October 25, 1965, was scrubbed when the Agena target spacecraft with which the crew had planned to rendezvous and dock exploded during its launch.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/SPACEFLIGHT/gemini/SP18.htm (1912 words)

	On The Shoulders of Titans - Summing Up
		Those areas that yielded most stubbornly were aired at Gemini and Apollo executive meetings attended by NASA administrators and their staffs and company presidents and their aides - the people in charge who could bring pressures and resources to bear to fix thrusters, fuel cells, Agenas, or other recalcitrant systems.
		The rapid succession of Gemini missions demonstrated that it was truly a second generation spacecraft, and the length of its missions - 330 hours on Gemini VII - allayed major medical concerns over man's ability to adapt to and function in space.
		Gemini started at $531 million to build what was supposed to be an improved Mercury and wound up costing $1.147 billion to cover a program that included many new developments.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/SP-4203/sum.htm (2927 words)

	Gemini
		Gemini was to have continued to fly into the 1970's as the return capsule of the USAF Manned Orbiting Laboratory program.
		One of the major objectives in the program would be a test of orbital rendezvous, in which the two-man spacecraft would be launched into orbit by the Titan II and attempt to rendezvous with an Agena stage launched by an Atlas rocket.
		Gemini Project Office (GPO) reported that it was investigating the use of a parasail and landing rocket system to enable the Gemini spacecraft to make land landings.
	www.astronautix.com /project/gemini.htm (10097 words)

	NOAO Gemini Science Center Introduction
		The NOAO Gemini Science Center (NGSC) at NOAO is the gateway for the U.S. astronomical community to the international Gemini Observatory Project.
		The Gemini project is a multi-national collaboration to provide twin 8 meter astronomical telescopes utilizing new technology to produce some of the sharpest views of the universe ever.
		The Gemini North Telescope on Mauna Kea is nearing completion, and science observations began during the summer, 2000, with two visiting instruments, an adaptive optics imager on loan from the University of Hawai'i and a 10-20 micron imager/spectrometer from the University of Florida.
	www.noao.edu /usgp/outreach/intro.html (963 words)

	Gemini -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Gemini (Latin: “Twins”) program was preceded by the Mercury series of one-man spacecraft and was followed by the Apollo series of three-man spacecraft.
		The Gemini program was chiefly designed to test the ability of astronauts to maneuver their...
		Gemini, Latin for “twins,” lies between Cancer and Taurus north of the celestial equator—the imaginary line formed by the projection of the Earth's equator into the sky—and is visible from both the...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9036343 (845 words)

	GEMINI SPACECRAFT MODEL HOME PAGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		GEMINI's primary purpose was to demonstrate space rendezvous and docking - techniques that would be used during APOLLO, when the lunar lander would separate from the command module in orbit around the Moon, then meet up with it again after the astronauts left the lunar surface.
		GEMINI would have to move forward, backward and sideways in its orbital path, even change orbits.
		GEMINI gave U.S. astronauts their first real experience with living and working in space.
	vesuvius.jsc.nasa.gov /er/seh/geminic.html (680 words)

	McDonnell Gemini Spacecraft (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Project Gemini, which used a two-man spacecraft, bridged the gap between the Mercury program, the first tentative steps into space, and the Apollo program, which landed men on the moon.
		Gemini's primary objectives were to investigate the problems of long-duration spaceflight, to develop techniques for rendezvous and docking with target vehicles, and to conduct extravehicular operations.
		Two of these, Gemini 6 and 7, were simultaneous so that the capsules could rendezvous in space and orbit in close formation.
	www.wpafb.af.mil /museum/space_flight/sf4.htm (134 words)

	The Gemini Program, Jupiter51.com
		On January 3, 1962 the program was officially designated Gemini, named after the third constellation of the zodiac, featuring the twin stars Castor and Pollux.
		All of the major objectives were met except for the land landing which was canceled from the Gemini Program in 1964, but the precision control necessary to achieve the land landing objective was demonstrated.
		The Gemini Program was an intermediate step between the Project Mercury and the Apollo Program.
	www.calgarycoin.com /jupiter51/gemini.htm (268 words)

	Gemini
		Titan 2 Gemini - The Titan 2 ICBM was used for launch of the Gemini manned spacecraft.
		Gemini Control Panel - Gemini control panel - closeup of the pedestal controls between the two astronauts.
		Gemini Variants - Modest modifications of Gemini proposed by McDonnell Douglas as a follow-on to the basic program (927 x 723 pixel version).
	www.friends-partners.org /partners/mwade/project/gemini.htm (9838 words)

	Gemini Program (USGP)
		The images were unveiled at the dedication of Gemini North, one of the largest telescopes in the world, near the summit of Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawaii.
		For U.S. astronomers, the gateway to Gemini is the U.S. Gemini Program, a division of the National Optical Astronomy Observatories (NOAO).
		Gemini North, one of the largest telescopes in the world, was dedicated today while some of the sharpest infrared images of the universe ever obtained by a ground-based telescope were released by the U.S. Gemini Program.
	www.xs4all.nl /~carlkop/gemnorth.html (1044 words)

	NOAO Gemini Science Center
		The NOAO Gemini Science Center (NGSC), a division of NOAO, is the gateway for the US astronomical community to the 8.1-meter International Gemini Observatory telescopes.
		The instrument left Tucson on October 24 on its way to be mounted on the Gemini South telescope on Cerro Pachón in Chile, where it arrived on October 27 (see bottom image).
		NOAO is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.
	www.noao.edu /usgp/usgp.html (256 words)

	Space history: Gemini Program space history - Gemini missions spaceflight
		Project Gemini was a transitional step between the pioneering Mercury Program and the actual landing a man on the moon.
		The main objectives of the ten Gemini missions spanning a period of 20 months from 1965 to 1966, were to learn how to "fly" a spacecraft by 1) maneuvering it in orbit and by 2) rendezvousing and docking with other vehicles, which were essential skills for the later Apollo missions.
		One of these missions, Gemini VIII, nearly killed the man who would go on to be the first person to walk on the moon, Neil Armstrong.
	www.thespaceplace.com /history/gemini2.html (170 words)

	Big Gemini
		Big Gemini would land on dry lake beds or airstrips on skids, as were used on the X-15 and were planned for the X-20 and basic Gemini.
		By the end of 1966 NASA's Gemini program was nearing its conclusion and the design phase of the USAF Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) project was nearly finished.
		However the Gemini B re-entry module conical structure would be extended to 154 inches (3.91 m) diameter (the same as the Apollo service module) to provide a large passenger compartment.
	www.astronautix.com /craft/bigemini.htm (2145 words)

	NASM--Apollo to the Moon--Food in Space: Gemini Program Food
		Dehydrated, freeze-dried, and bite-sized foods coated with gelatin or oil to prevent crumbling, were introduced during Project Gemini.
		Gemini and Apollo food was prepared and packaged by Whirlpool Corporation in conjunction with the U.S. Army Laboratory in Natick, Mass., and NASA.
		Freeze-dried Gemini meals could be re-hydrated by inserting the cold water gun into a food package.
	www.nasm.si.edu /galleries/attm/food.2.html (142 words)

	Gemini Astronomical Positioning System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Gemini System is currently available for the German Equatorial Mounts GM-8, G11, Titan and HGM-200 produced by Scott Losmandy and the MI-250 by Mountain Instruments.
		Gemini starts up in the serial command precision mode that was active at shutdown.
		MS Windows® Gemini Control Program for Remote Control, including setup of the Gemini, choosing startup mode, manual control, scripted GoTo operations, down- and uploading modelling parameters,...
	www.docgoerlich.de /Rene.html (1521 words)

	Gemini astronaut autographs, space memorabilia, NASA astronaut autographs, space collectibles, astronaut autographed ...
		Project Gemini was a transitional step between the pioneering Mercury Program and the actual goal of landing a man on the moon.
		One of these missions, Gemini VIII, nearly killed the man who would go on to be the first man to walk on the moon, Neil Armstrong.
		Gene Cernan chronicles his involvement in the space program including his nerve-racking spacewalk to his last words as the last man to leave the moon.
	www.thespaceplace.com /Gemini.html (367 words)

	Apollo Guidance Computer and Other Computer History
		It supports the totality of this assessment of the space program and the portents for the future made in mid-l96l was a strategic decision largely confirmed by subsequent events bringing across-the-board space competence to the United States.
		It is the intent of the Gemini Project to build upon the experience gained from Mercury so that most of the energies of the new program can be devoted to the solution of the problems associated with achieving its primary mission objectives and not have to fight its way through a swelter of old problems.
		Under program control, the clock rate can be varied to match the real-time needs of each task, thus minimizing drain on the primary power supply and extending component life through reduced dissipation.
	klabs.org /richcontent/Misc_Content/AGC_And_History/AGC_History.htm (10441 words)

	Gemini Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Gemini program involved the first American launch of a two-person crew.
		Although the Gemini missions were limited in both capability and time, they established several critical requirements for extra-vehicular activity.
		This critical fact laid the foundation for the numerous EVA's which were to follow during the Apollo program.
	paperairplane.mit.edu /16.423J/Space/SBE/eva/EVA/gemini_program.htm (311 words)

	TheSpaceRace.com - The Gemini Program
		The Gemini Program was intended to be an intermediate step between Mercury and Apollo.
		The Gemini spacecraft carried two astronauts and it was the first spacecraft to use a hydrogen fuel cell to generate electricity.
		By the time the Gemini Program ended in 1966 the Americans were catching up with or even surpassing the Russians in the space race.
	www.thespacerace.com /gemini (233 words)

	John F. Kennedy Space Center - Gemini Overview
		The Gemini Program was conceived after it became evident to NASA officials that an intermediate step was required between Project Mercury and the Apollo Program.
		A brief summary of the Gemini flight results reveals how successful the Gemini Program was.
		All of the major objectives were met as well as many other objectives assigned to each mission, with the exception of land landing which was canceled from the Gemini Program in 1964.
	www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov /history/gemini/gemini-overview.htm (351 words)

	AURA - U.S. Gemini Fellowship Program
		Carlos Donzelli from Argentina is the recipient of the U.S. Gemini Fellowship Award for the 2004-2005 cycle.
		The U.S. Gemini Fellowship is carried out in partnership with the NOAO Gemini Science Center under funding from the National Science Foundation and provides research support for up to two years.
		U.S. Gemini Fellowships provide South American students and educators from Argentina, Brazil, and Chile with opportunities to study, conduct independent research, work, and teach in the United States at universities and similar research institutions of their choice, including CTIO and the NOAO Gemini Science Center.
	www.aura-astronomy.org /f/usgfp.asp (236 words)

	Gemini Program
		The program was designed as a bridge between the Mercury and Apollo programs.
		The general objectives of the program included: Long duration flights, testing of the ability to maneuver a spacecraft, achievement of rendezvous and docking of two vehicles in Earth orbit, conduct experiments in space operation outside of a spacecraft, active control of reentry to achieve a precise landing, and onboard orbital navigation.
		This mission was originally designated Gemini 6 and scheduled for launch on October 25, 1965, but was cancelled when the Agena target vehicle failed to go into orbit an hour earlier.
	burro.astr.cwru.edu /stu/20th_close_gemini.html (740 words)

	ABC News: NASA's Longest-Serving Astronaut to Retire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He flew in the Gemini, Apollo and space shuttle programs.
		His first mission was in 1965 as a pilot of the first manned flight of the Gemini program.
		He went on to command the Gemini 10 in 1966, followed by his orbit of the moon in the Apollo Command Module in 1969.
	abcnews.go.com /US/wireStory?id=310366&CMP=OTC-RSSFeeds0312 (338 words)

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