Gender binary - Factbites

Gender binary - Factbites
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Topic: Gender binary

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In the News (Sun 27 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Essay
		The binary system of opposites, where there is an unwritten understanding that one is supposed to be ‘better’ than the other fits poorly in any area of the gay community- in the butch who may be attracted to femme, androgynous (gender neutral) or butch the binary theories fit not at all.
		Defining the problematic sex/gender as identification and the way the two terms are assumed to be equivalent and a part of the binary opposition model is, according to Kosofsky Sedgwick a space rather than a binary concept.
		The idea that there was more to life and to gender identity and sexual preference than the black/white, straight/gay, binary opposition was unheard of.
	www.alphalink.com.au /~suevill/Essay.html

	Performing Gender
		For Bordo, this “gender skepticism” is dangerous for feminism; while she acknowledges that the binary gender construction is a cultural phenomenon that manifests itself on sexed bodies, she stresses that a complete dismantling of gender is useless while the binary produces material effects.
		When Butler describes gender as “an identity tenuously constituted in time, instituted in an exterior space through a stylized repetition of acts” (179), she blends the visual metaphors of performance theory with the liminal possibilities of queer theory and the use of “gender” as a concept from feminist theory.
		As in Gender Trouble, when she removes the subject from the body to reveal a continuous performative state, Butler removes the body from materiality in Bodies that Matter to reveal the very constructed “feminine” gender category.
	www.gwu.edu /~medusa/2001/performing.html (2959 words)

	Mechelle Shan Doughty : ABSTRACT & PAPER
		Her renditions of "reality" deconstruct the binary oppositional gender stereotypes, by revealing them to be based on fiction rather than fact.
		Morrison draws on the interplay between this binary oppositional characterization of Jadine and Son and the multiple interpretations that the roles of the trickster, the tar baby and the victim offer to deconstruct and subvert the either/or thinking that would characterize Jadine and Son in terms of either good or bad.
		A second example in which Tar Baby establishes an interplay between this technique of binary oppositional characterization and the metafictional mode of multiple interpretations is illustrated with the narration of Son's thoughts as he hides on the Sea Bird II.
	www.umes.edu /breakbar/doughty.html (2959 words)

	Performing Gender
		For Bordo, this “gender skepticism” is dangerous for feminism; while she acknowledges that the binary gender construction is a cultural phenomenon that manifests itself on sexed bodies, she stresses that a complete dismantling of gender is useless while the binary produces material effects.
		When Butler describes gender as “an identity tenuously constituted in time, instituted in an exterior space through a stylized repetition of acts ” (179), she blends the visual metaphors of performance theory with the liminal possibilities of queer theory and the use of “gender” as a concept from feminist theory.
		She states: “Taken together, the feminist critiques of gendered representations and of the politics of the material body can also be seen as an extended argument against the notion that the body is a purely biological or natural form” (Bordo 33).
	www.gwu.edu /~medusa/2001/performing.html (2959 words)

	Feature Structures
		More formally, this representation shows a structure in which three features (case, gender and number) are used to define morpho-syntactic properties of a word.
		Whether one uses a binary or symbolic value in situations like this is largely a matter of taste.
		Note that, instead of using a symbolic value for grammatical number, one could have named the feature singular or plural and given it an appropriate binary value, as in the following example:
	www.tei-c.org /P5/Guidelines/FS.html (5576 words)

	glbtq >> Special Features >> Kate Bornstein, 1998
		My Gender Workbook is a smart, sassy, and interactive journey of rethinking the limits and breaking down the restraints of the binary man/woman gender system.
		If gender is a matter of degree rather than the either/or binary, which makes us feel inadequate or less than real men or real women, what's the reason?
		As soon as I got into all the questions I'd asked myself about gender (which is all the book is, really), I dug way deep, and writing it became quite a painful process.
	www.glbtq.com /sfeatures/interviewkbornstein.html (5576 words)

	American University Law Review
		The paradigm ultimately cast non-Black people of color in the position of arguing within a binary model of identity formation that they were racially (scopically or biologically) white and hence should be legally white, as well.
		In this sense, it might be more descriptive to label the paradigm as dyadic, rather than binary, in that the designation of race appears to be inextricably linked to the task of configuring whiteness.
		Hudgins makes clear that the black/white paradigm arising from chattel slavery was not merely a set of categories composing a taxonomy, but a set of dynamic juxtapositions with their own internal hierarchy, elaborated through the assignment of rights.
	law.american.edu /journal/lawrev/45/davis.cfm (5576 words)

	~ A Review of Omnigender by Virginia Ramey Mollenkott
		In fact, she argues that this "binary gender paradigm" is oppressive and inflicts grave suffering on many people.
		She honors the experiences of people who do not fit within the traditional binary concept of gender, including individuals who are intersexual, transsexual, or otherwise transgendered.
		Identifying ways in which this paradigm is harmful to people, Mollenkott moves beyond the current gender construct to offer vision of a new, more flexible gender paradigm which she terms "omnigender."
	www.geocities.com /vrmollenkott/omnigender.html (5576 words)

	Reviewing Gender Trouble button by Luran Barry
		Binary Gender Is Such A Fucking Bore sticker
		Binary Gender Is Such A Fucking Bore button
	www.moonrocket.co.nz /catalogue/review.html?ID=710 (434 words)

	CTHEORY.NET > Metal Gender by Steve Dixon
		I do not believe that these merely extend the body's masculinity and/or femininity, but introduce a fundamental new element, which operates directly according to the sociological definitions and understandings of gender I have outlined, but exists outside of the male/female binary.
		Her "hope for a monstrous world without gender" where cyborgs "are suspicious of the reproductive matrix" and instead re-grow their limbs and bodily structures like salamanders [19] signals a Deleuzo-Guattarian 'becoming-animal', but with that transformation a subsequent disappearance of the feminine within the female-cyborg subject.
		According to Simone de Beauvoir and Judith Butler, "gender is a fabrication and true gender is a fantasy instituted and inscribed on the surface of bodies" [1].
	www.ctheory.net /text_file.asp?pick=384 (434 words)

	T Johansson/JA
		However, the traditional binary definition of gender roles and more limited way of looking at our possibilities of constructing different types of identities still have a great influence on the maintainance of boundaries between what is regarded as normal and deviant when it comes to gender and the body.
		Gender is not a natural fact, the various acts of gender contribute to the creation of the idea of gender, and without these acts, there obviously would be no gender at all.
		In gender studies one of the basic assumptions is the existence of a hegemonic masculinity.
	www.alli.fi /nyri/young/1996-3/artikkelJohansson3-96.htm (434 words)

	RECONCEPTUALIZING GENDER AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO LANGUAGE IN COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION, by Michelle Rodino
		Research that considers the relationship between gender and power in language necessarily confronts binary gender, because looking at this relationship means looking at "men" and "women." The binary is always already constructed when one considers women’s oppression in CMC, because women’s oppression has been described in relation to male domination.
		Research that would be most useful for breaking out of gender polarization would look at the ways in which online gender is produced through performance.
		During the time that research on and critiques of gender and language were developing, computers were being touted for their democratizing potential.
	www.ascusc.org /jcmc/vol3/issue3/rodino.html (434 words)

	Essaydirect.com: Does the existence of people of a "third gender" in a number of societies question the existence of a universally dichotomous gender divide ? - Essay
		People of a third gender neither have a sex change to become the other sex of the male/female binary nor are they an inbetween or mixed sex, but instead constitute a totally different category of social person and cultural reality (Herdt 1993:47).
		Gender becomes intelligible through the `heterosexual matrix′ which she defines as `that grid of cultural intelligibility through which bodies, genders and desires are naturalized′ (Butler 1990:151n6).
		Third genders were seen as `cultural niches′ (Herdt 1993:46) for homosexuals in non-western societies.
	www.essaydirect.com /fulltext/etn/7612.html (3014 words)

	tsenft: What is a Feminist Theorist?
		Second, a feminist theorist is someone who perceives current gender systems as functioning in such a way that a basic binary opposition of masculine/feminine remains in place, and in which one ter-- masculine--is privileged over feminine.
		To me, a "feminist theorist" is first, someone who understands gender not as an innate fact of life, but rather as a system of meanings assigned to individuals through a variety of cultural institutions (e.g.
		Feminist theory holds that "gender as a system of assigned meanings" has a direct effect on we understand our bodies, how we live our individual lives, and how our social institutions operate.
	www.livejournal.com /talkread.bml?itemid=9601563 (3014 words)

	Grammar
		The bad news is that verbs are conjugated according to the number and gender of the subject.
		Gender in Arabic (as in all other languages) may not make sense at all, I mean why is a flower and a tree female?
		This is easy until we reach the binary form at which point we meet the metamorphosis of 'h' into 't'.
	www.egyptmad.com /kimo_the_maniac/Grammar.htm (3014 words)

	g37_kibbey.txt
		[Genders] Genders 37 2003 Editorial: Gender and the American Ideology of War by ANN KIBBEY [1] At the huge peace demonstration in London on February 15, one of the larger signs appropriately urged, "Stop Mad Cowboy Disease!" This was, of course, yet another European reference to the Bush administration and its ideology of war.
		As we ought to be aware, the ideology of gender and the ideology of genocidal violence are intertwined in the Western.
		Ideologies of gender become highly coercive when they are taken for granted, when debates about gender are suppressed as unimportant, when they are dismissively cast aside as irrelevant.
	www.genders.org /g37/g37_kibbey.txt (800 words)

	ESIB Equality project
		According to a statement submitted to the university by students who lobbied for the option, the gender-blind hall will "create an environment where student housing is not restricted to traditional limitations of the gender binary...
		Starting in September, Wesleyan University will offer students the option of living in a "gender blind" hall, apparently the first transgender college housing in the nation.
		Students who do not wish to categorize themselves as males or females may choose to live on the designated floor, which will have a capacity of 12 students.
	www.esib.org /wg/equality/gendertranswesleyan.htm (266 words)

	Seeing is Believing
		Such opposition may occur in several forms: religion, race, gender, etc. However, in addition to these demographically-oriented oppositions often exist deeper ideological issues, which are less obvious but equally interesting.
		A closer examination of the opposition often reveals a degree of ambivalence, in which the seemingly incompatible opposites are shown to be functionally equivalent.
		Opposition of this sort is found in 1 Henry IV, The Merchant of Venice, and Othello, respectively a history, a comedy, and a tragedy.
	sevennineteen.dyndns.org:719 /pages/shakespeare.htm (266 words)

	University of Toronto at Mississauga: Why Study Gender?
		Some of the important issues of life revolve around being a man, or being a woman, or inhabiting a post-binary invention of gender.
		It is an asset in all careers that involve gender and equity issues.
		The methods and theories of anthropologists, historians, philosophers, psychologists, sociologists, theologians, and of the language/visual/ performing arts all contribute to the study of Women and Gender.
	www.erin.utoronto.ca /831.0.html (266 words)

	Transcending Gender: Trouble With Marriage Recognition in the U.K.
		A book on law and binary systems of sex/gender classification...
		Transcending Gender: Trouble With Marriage Recognition in the U.K. BlogThis!
		Trouble With Marriage Recognition in the U.K. Elizabeth Bellinger has been happily married for 22 years.
	www.jenburke.com /2004/12/trouble-with-marriage-recognition-in.html (320 words)

	The Third Gender Misconception - Intersex Community Forums Bodies Like Ours
		\r\n This is my FAVORITE anti-Bibliolotry stun-gun for those who are so desperate to cling to their fantasy about sex and gender being an absolute binary that they try to blame their fear/sexism on God:
		The whole "third gender" thing we are reading in their preliminary gasps of discovery is not about whether intersexed people have identities as men or women.
		In one of my early on posts, I mentioned that gender (as I relate to the concept) is not really a continuim between the 2 poles of male and female, but rather a circle, with variations all along.....and rather than adhering to bi-genderism and trans-genderism, the word inter-gendered would be more accurate.
	www.bodieslikeours.org /forums/showthread.php?t=737 (3570 words)

	ipedia.com: Gender-blind Article
		Gender-blind or unisex is the option of either a third choice or no use of sex or gender data in typically binary gender-based services or facilities.
		This allows transgender persons and persons who do not accept gender labels to live in more comfortable settings than may otherwise be possible in single-sex housing.
		Unisex is an older term and some feel it carries the connotation of actually being duo-sex, whereas gender-blind goes against most tenets of heteronormativity, by not looking at gender at all.
	www.ipedia.com /gender_blind.html (230 words)

	Problems with a conception of gender based on binary opposition
		Problems with a conception of gender based on binary opposition
		Same oppositional thinking as patriarchy (Alcaron 352, 353) such that feminism is defined only by its opposition to white men
		Denies the diversity of perspectives and privilege among women (Mohanty 243) based on the osmosis thesis (341) “Unity [is] purchased with silence” (Alarcon 351)
	www.maxwell.syr.edu /maxpages/students/jsjosefs/319pres12/sld004.htm (230 words)

	Annotated Bibliography
		The authors examine the structuring of meaning through binary oppositions in semiotics, cognitive psychology, and deconstructionist theory in an attempt both to link these fields and to locate them in the context of postmodernism.
		Applies insights from cognitive linguistics (primarily Lakoff and Johnson) to a discussion of how two basic, interrelated metaphors, HARD IS COLD and SOFT IS WARM, arising ultimately from everyday embodied experience, help structure perceptions, experiences, and representations of social relations, especially in relation to gender differences.
		Taking the "infant babe" passage in Wordsworth's The Prelude as her prime example, Easterlin argues that psychoanalytical readings of developmental narratives in literary works impose an outdated, distorting pattern that inevitably skews interpretation, which would be better served by models drawn from more recent work in developmental psychology.
	www2.bc.edu /~richarad/lcb/bib/annot.html (230 words)

	talia young binaries
		Our gender binary may have its advantages, but it's important to think about how in some ways, men/women and male/female can be just as complicated and/or ridiculous as black/white, city/country, paper/plastic and here/there.
		We had a binary party where we ate pink and blue sugar cookies, brainstormed binary pairs, and made a pair of signs for each binary.
		We then went around and covered the "men" and "women" signs on all the bathrooms around campus with our binary signs.
	www.sccs.swarthmore.edu /~talia/binaries.html (230 words)

	Practising Gender and Practising Medicine: 'Tradition' and 'Modernity' in Post-colonial Hong Kong
		Not only is this binary opposition accepted as a given and defended as a 'tradition' that cannot be challenged, it also serves as a basis on which gender roles and power in everyday life are assigned and distributed; it defines social identities and thereby naturalises gender power relations.
		In the discussion of gender roles, 'tradition' implies an asymmetrical gender system in which women are suppressed and 'modernity' entails egalitarian gender relations.
		The folk saying, nam chu oi nui chu noi[7] (literally meaning 'men take charge of the outside, women the inside') was often quoted by interviewees to justify their belief of gender differences and to legitimise the gender roles with which that they are familiar.
	wwwsshe.murdoch.edu.au /intersections/issue3/siumi.html (7883 words)

	Peering into the Kaleidoscope: Social, Cross-cultural Perspectives in the Psychology of Women and Gender - Hilary Lips' New Zealand Lectures
		For those of us who have grown up thinking of gender as a fixed, binary concept, it may be difficult to imagine a third gender, or to imagine a society in which an individual's gender is considered fluid or changeable, or to imagine gender as a continuum instead of distinct categories.
		The rewards for doing so are a psychology of women and gender indeed, an entire field of psychology that focuses on the world instead of only a small part of it, and students who are aware that their worldview is not the only one possible.
		Every cultural group has its own version of gender stereotypes: socially shared beliefs that certain qualities can be attributed to individuals, based on their membership in a gender category, and gender role ideologies, prescriptive beliefs about how females and males should behave.
	www.runet.edu /~gstudies/sources/nz/crosaddr.htm (8044 words)

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In the News (Sun 27 Dec 09)