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Topic: Regulate genes

	ScienceDaily: BRCA2
		BRCA2 is a human gene that is involved in the repair of chromosomal damage and belongs to a class of genes known as tumor suppressor genes.
		BRCA2 -- BRCA2 is a human gene that is involved in the repair of chromosomal damage and belongs to a class of genes known as tumor suppressor genes.
		Gene therapy -- Gene therapy is the insertion of genes into an individual's cells and tissues to treat a disease, and hereditary diseases in particular.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/BRCA2 (1532 words)

	January 15, 2003 Scientists identify hundreds of worm genes that regulate fat storage
		The identified genes were very diverse and included both the expected genes involved in fat and cholesterol metabolism as well as new candidates, some that are expected to function in the central nervous system.
		The challenge now is for scientists to unravel these regulatory pathways and prioritize the relevant genes in animal models, such as the worm and the mouse.
		Some of the newly identified worm fat regulatory genes are predicted to function in its nervous system, as are the human counterparts to these worm genes.
	www.massgeneral.org /news/releases/011503worms.htm (988 words)

	Regulation of gene expression - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Regulation of gene expression (gene regulation) is the cellular control of the amount and timing of appearance of the functional product of a gene.
		Although a functional gene product may be an RNA or a protein, the majority of the known mechanisms regulate the expression of protein coding genes.
		Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gene_regulation (1127 words)

	About NIEHS EGP - Environmentally Responsive Genes
		Cell cycle and cell division genes regulate the ability of a cell to proliferate, grow and differentiate.
		Several genes that control metabolic pathways are crucial determinants of the outcome of exposure.
		Genes regulating metabolism, signal transduction, and apoptosis will also be targeted for resequencing.
	www.niehs.nih.gov /envgenom/egp6.htm (433 words)

	Christopher A. Walsh
		Genes essential for normal human cerebral cortical size can be identified by studying families in which the cortex is congenitally small, a condition known as microcephaly (small brain).
		When GPR56, a gene that encodes a new member of the family of G protein–coupled receptors, is mutated in humans, the frontal lobes are severely malformed, while other parts of the cerebral cortex are relatively preserved, suggesting that this gene is intimately involved in defining the frontal lobes.
		We have identified dozens of genes that differ in their expression between the developing language areas of the human left cerebral cortex and the corresponding regions on the right, and we are studying their effects in patterning the cerebral cortex.
	www.hhmi.org /research/investigators/walsh.html (1162 words)

	Developmental Biology, The Modern Era
		Analyses of expression of specific genes during development have revealed regions of those genes that regulate their expression and have identified proteins in the nuclei of embryonic cells that interact with those regions of genes to mediate their regulation.
		This gene is at least one of the genes that is capable of triggering the events that result in the formation of eyes.
		For example, a group of genes were discovered that are responsible for specifying the defining characteristic of flies (dipterans): a single pair of wings.
	www.ucalgary.ca /UofC/eduweb/virtualembryo/modern.html (2956 words)

	ScienceDaily: Help Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Gene Machine: Cells Engineered To Prevent Sepsis Win Synthetic Biology Competition (November 15, 2006) -- A team of eight undergraduates from the University of Ljubljana in Slovenia won the grand prize earlier this Month at the international Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition at MIT.
		Enzyme Inhibitor Produces Stable Disease In Patients With Advanced Solid Cell Cancers (November 15, 2006) -- Preliminary trials of a MEK enzyme inhibitor have shown that it is capable of producing long-lasting stable disease in patients with advanced solid cancers.
		Gene Silencing Technology Is Quietly Moving Toward The Clinic (November 15, 2006) -- The gene silencing technology showcased in the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is on an amazingly fast track toward use in treating a variety of serious diseases, according to an article...
	www.sciencedaily.com /articles/health_medicine/cancer (1165 words)

	Global Regulatory Functions of Oaf1p and Pip2p (Oaf2p), Transcription Factors That Regulate Genes Encoding Peroxisomal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		mRNA expression of the ORFs that are regulated by Oaf1p and/or the Oaf1p Pip2p heterodimer.
		Isolation of the catalase A gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by complementation of the cta1 mutation.
		The Saccharomyces cerevisiae peroxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase is encoded by the oleate-inducible gene SPS19.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/18/11/6560 (6041 words)

	Researchers identify new genes that regulate aging
		Researchers have identified 23 new longevity genes by screening the genome of Caenorhabditis elegans, a small worm that is used as a model organism in genetics studies.
		For example, the worm's lifespan doubles when one gene is prohibited from working properly, and inhibition of another gene increases the length of life by 20%.
		Genes involved in insulin signaling are particularly interesting because corresponding human genes could potentially play a role in diabetes and cancer, according to senior author Cynthia Kenyon, of the University of California, San Francisco, and her coauthors.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-07/plos-rin072005.php (437 words)

	Sangamo BioSciences—
		Transcription factors are naturally occurring proteins that function within the nucleus of a cell to regulate gene expression.
		The expression of the ZFP TF was regulated by tetracycline.
		However, instead of regulating the expression of the target gene (as with a ZFP TF), the ZFN causes the gene to be cut near the ZFP binding site triggering a repair process and facilitating the incorporation of the corrected DNA sequence into the chromosomal location where the disease related mutation previously existed (fig.
	www.sangamo.com /tech/our_tech_ex.html (1150 words)

	Computational method identifies genes that regulate cell's machinery
		Precise regulation of gene expression (that is, when the genes are activated or deactivated) is crucial to ensure that the right proteins are being made at the right time.
		Understanding the processes that are responsible for this gene regulation is a central question in genetics and molecular biology that has important implications for understanding how cells function and how diseases that involve breakdown in regulatory processes, such as cancer, can develop.
		A typical experiment would measure the gene expression of thousands of genes in dozens of different experimental conditions to see which genes are expressed in each condition.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-05/huoj-cmi050803.php (828 words)

	Berkeley Scientists Find DNA Gold in Genetic Desert
		“Gene deserts may not be home to any genes but they can host DNA sequences that act as long-distance switches to activate far away genes.
		Genes are distributed in clumps throughout the 3 billion DNA bases that make up the human genome.
		He and his co-authors focused on a human gene called DACH1, which is involved in the development of the brain, limbs and sensory organs and resides between two large gene deserts.
	www.lbl.gov /Science-Articles/Archive/JGI-genetic-deserts.html (838 words)

	New genes that regulate longevity
		In an effort to understand the molecular mechanisms that control aging, Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers and their colleagues have now uncovered 10 new genes that regulate longevity in yeast.
		As a result, "ten new genes were identified that are connected to longevity, and six of them are implicated in a single pathway" in the cell's response to nutrition, Fields explained.
		When the gene is mutated, and not working properly, the yeast undergo a starvation response similar to that of calorie-restricted cells - even when nutrients are abundant.
	www.news-medical.net /?id=14557 (766 words)

	Sangamo BioSciences— Technology Platform Overview
		It is the pattern of gene expression that determines the structure, biological function, and health of all cells, tissues, and organisms.
		Transcription factors are proteins that bind to DNA and regulate gene expression.
		The capability for regulated expression is important particularly for the use of ZFP TFs in gene therapy applications (as ZFP Therapeutics) as it allows control of both the duration of the exposure to the therapeutic agent and gives the flexibility of more precise dosing.
	www.sangamo.com /tech/tech_plat_over.html (1197 words)

	Pattern-recognition method zeroes in on genes that regulate cell's genetic machinery
		Ordinarily, regulatory genes are identified experimentally, not computationally.
		The demonstration on the yeast genome data discovered several possible new regulatory genes and the clusters they regulate, and the team has already confirmed three of the predictions in the lab.
		The primary data source for the method is gene expression technology, which involves mixing probes for thousands of genes with a biological sample under specific conditions.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/report/news/2003/may14/koller-514.html (781 words)

	Study Finds 60 New Genes Controlled by DNA Snippet - URMC Press Room
		Genes are the chains of deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) that encode instructions for the building of proteins, the workhorses that make up the body’s organs and carry its signals.
		When a piece of genetic material, gene or regulatory segment, is conserved by evolution from mice to humans it suggests that the segment has a valuable function.
		Regulatory sequences may be part of the answer because they enable a single gene to produce the same protein at different times, places and concentrations with subtly different roles.
	www.urmc.rochester.edu /pr/news/story.cfm?id=1010 (1336 words)

	New Method Designed to Analyze the Genes that Regulate the Immune System
		The best known of these genes are the HLA genes that govern tissue type and participate in the immune system by protecting people from infection or by governing susceptibility to autoimmune diseases or cancer.
		The method may have the potential of being an efficient way to map genes in the MHC that are responsible for many human diseases, and might also be useful in studying other gene complexes that have a lot of variability.
		The researchers decided to work on a laboratory tool to study particular sections of the MHC, a choice that was motivated by the importance of these genes in disease studies, in anthropological research, and in the selection of potential donors for organ transplants or blood and marrow transplants.
	www.fhcrc.org /about/ne/news/2006/04/21/genome_analysis.html (726 words)

	Characterization of Three Related Glucose Repressors and Genes They Regulate in Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Lutfiyya et ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		There was little or no repression in the glycerol-grown cells: the level of ß-galactosidase expressed from the reporter gene without any Mig1/Mig2-binding sites from glucose-grown cells averaged 177 units in all assays (range 115–248 units) and from glycerol-grown cells averaged 406 units in all assays (range 260–536).
		Promoter-lacZ fusions and regulation of expression by Mig1, Mig2, and Yer028.
		Expression of ~11% of yeast genes (~710) is increased by a factor
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/150/4/1377 (6492 words)

	Pharyngula::Zygotic genes
		Unlike maternal effect genes, which are transcribed from the mother's DNA, zygotic genes are activated in the fertilized embryo (the zygote) and are transcribed from the zygote's DNA.
		The gap genes in Drosophila get their name from the observation that mutations in these genes knock out, or cause a gap, in the body plan—lose the gap gene krüppel, for instance, and a chunk of the embryo's middle fails to develop.
		All of these genes are jostling one another, turning on some genes and turning off others, all triggered initially by the gradient of bicoid expression, to produce their final arrangement.
	pharyngula.org /index/weblog/comments/zygotic_genes (804 words)

	Sangamo BioSciences— About Sangamo
		Sangamo is focused on the research and commercial development of engineered DNA-binding proteins for the regulation of gene expression and for gene modification.
		Moreover, as we regulate genes as they naturally occur within cells and do not use copies of those genes, or cDNAs, we are not encumbered by patent restrictions that may cover those cDNAs.
		Regulate a cell’s own genes not a copy of that gene and so are not encumbered by cDNA patent restrictions.
	www.sangamo.com /about/about.html (620 words)

	Presidential Lecturer Studies the Genes That Regulate Aging : UVM The View
		Cynthia Kenyon, internationally known for her work on the molecular causes of aging, will deliver the lecture “From Worms to Mammals: Genes That Control the Rate of Aging” on Tuesday, Sept. 23, at 5:15 p.m.
		“The first is that practically all the genes that regulate development, as with other biological processes, are much more highly conserved than was expected to be the case.
		Through analysis of the many genes in worms (even little creatures can have 19,000 of them), Kenyon and her colleagues identified a mutation in the gene daf-2 that doubled the lifespan of the worms, which typically live for only a few weeks.
	www.uvm.edu /theview/article.php?id=924 (446 words)

	Scientists identify hundreds of worm genes that regulate fat storage
		Genes with counterparts in mammals may shed light on obesity
		Findings by Harvard researchers, published in the Jan. 16, 2003 issue of Nature, represent the first survey of an entire genome for all genes that regulate fat storage.
		These studies were conducted using the tiny roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, an organism that shares many genes with humans and has helped researchers gain insights into diseases as diverse as cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease.
	www.researchmatters.harvard.edu /story.php?article_id=612 (251 words)

	Nuclear Receptors CAR and PXR Cross Talk with FOXO1 To Regulate Genes That Encode Drug-Metabolizing and Gluconeogenic ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		repressed the induction of the Cyp2b10 gene by TCPOBOP in mouse
		Repression of the Cyp2b10 gene by insulin in mouse primary hepatocytes.
		Gene- and activation-specific mechanisms for insulin inhibition of basal and glucocorticoid-induced insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase transcription.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/24/18/7931 (6243 words)

	Protein Helps Regulate the Genes of Embryonic Stem Cells
		New research from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill shows how a protein may be crucial to the regulation of genes in embryonic stem cells.
		Histone modifications affect gene activity and include methylation, in which a methyl component is attached to the histone protein.
		Depending on the precise nature of the histone modification, any given gene associated with modified histones is marked to be turned on or off.
	www.b-eye-network.com /view/947 (452 words)

	Scientists Identify Genes That Regulate Allergic Response to Diesel Fumes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Researchers sampled the DNA of volunteers who are allergic to ragweed to find which forms of the genes they had.
		The participants were then given doses of ragweed through the nose, followed by either a placebo or quantities of diesel exhaust particles equivalent to breathing the air in Los Angeles, CA, for 40 hours.
		Diaz-Sanchez says that he and the other researchers will work to find other genes involved in pollution-related health problems such as asthma, lung cancer and heart disease, with the goal of discovering possible treatments and preventions.
	www.niaid.nih.gov /newsroom/releases/dieselallergy.htm (740 words)

	Identification of SAS4 and SAS5, Two Genes That Regulate Silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Xu et al. 153 (1): 13 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		gene with CBP in one subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (
		genes is further extended by studies of a family of proteins
		Genes and Dev., December 1, 2001; 15(23): 3155 - 3168.
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/153/1/13 (5646 words)

	Leaf Vitamin C Contents Modulate Plant Defense Transcripts and Regulate Genes That Control Development through Hormone ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The transcript abundance of a selected range of genes whose expression was altered significantly in the microarray experiment was analyzed by reverse transcriptase–mediated PCR.
		Reversion of Gene Expression in vtc1 by Ascorbate Feeding.
		Koch, J.R., Scherzer, A.J., Eshita, S.M., and Davis, K.R. one sensitivity in hybrid poplar is correlated with a lack of defence gene activation.
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/15/4/939 (7236 words)

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