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Topic: Gene transfer

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	genome.gov \| Germline Gene Transfer
		In somatic gene transfer the recipient's genome is changed, but the change is not passed on to the next generation.
		In germline gene transfer, the parents' egg and sperm cells are changed with the goal of passing on the changes to their offspring.
		In cases in which the gene has failed to be introduced or fails to be activated, the resulting child would likely be no worse off than he or she would have been without the attempted gene transfer.
	www.genome.gov /10004764 (1524 words)

	[No title]
		Adeno-associated viruses and lentiviruses are two vectors that are being used in research to deliver a corrected gene into the DNA of the dystrophic muscle.
		By affecting other genes in the body, scientists believe that muscle could be spared and actually encouraged to regenerate.
		is a gene that acts similar to dystrophin.
	www.cureduchenne.citymax.com /research.html (1175 words)

	txt001jfo: Gene therapy: potential applications in clinical transplantation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Until the precise involvement of different genes (their regulation and expression) in the disease process and the proteins they encode is established, gene therapy is most likely to be clinically effective as a preventative or curative treatment for single-gene defects such as ADA deficiency, familial hypercholesterolaemia (Ref. 2) and cystic fibrosis.
		Gene therapy can be subdivided into somatic cell gene transfer (that is transfer to normal diploid cells), which is the focus of this review, and germline gene transfer (transfer to haploid sperm or egg cells of the reproductive system).
		Gene transfer to bone marrow could also be used to introduce genes that encode immunoregulatory molecules (such as cytokines) that would modulate the immune function in haematopoietic cells (Ref. 43).
	www-ermm.cbcu.cam.ac.uk /99000691h.htm (11379 words)

	Gene Transfer of Prepro-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Restores Erectile Function in the Aged Rat -- Bivalacqua et al. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Anderson and the University of Iowa Gene Transfer Vector
		Gene transfer of calcitonin gene-related peptide to cerebral arteries.
		In vivo gene transfer of prepro-calcitonin gene-related peptide to the lung attenuates chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in the mouse.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/65/5/1371 (4448 words)

	Report and Recommendations of the Panel to Assess the NIH Investment in Research on Gene Therapy. This report concerns ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The concept that gene transfer might be used to treat disease is founded on the remarkable advances of the past two decades in recombinant DNA technology.
		The concept that gene transfer might be applied to treat disease is founded on the extraordinary advances of the past two decades in the area of recombinant DNA technology.
		Adverse short term effects related to gene transfer protocols appear to vary, depending on the nature of the virus used as a vector and the patient to which it is administered.
	www.nih.gov /news/panelrep.html (16885 words)

	Horizontal Gene Transfer Happens - II
		The researchers investigated the survival of DNA from transgenic maize and the transfer of the antibiotic resistance bla gene to bacteria in the presence of saliva, rumen fluid and silage effluent, which are relevant to horizontal gene transfer in the oral cavity, the rumen, and in silage.
		In summary, horizontal gene transfer can occur before the DNA is completely broken down, even when the breakdown is rapid, as in the rumen or in silage.
		Not surprisingly, researchers found the highest frequencies of horizontal gene transfer in both the rhizosphere and spermosphere when the GM cassette was in a conjugative plasmid, somewhat lower when it was in a mobilizable plasmid, but could not be detected when it was inserted into the bacterial chromosome.
	www.biotech-info.net /HGT_happens.html (1317 words)

	Horizontal Gene Transfer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Kanamycin, streptomycin and tetracycline resistance genes found in gram negative and gram positive bacteria are essentially identical in nucleotide sequence.
		The wide transfer of genes that must have occurred naturally weakens the argument that human intervention through genetic engineering is placing genes where they have never been before.
		Horizontal transfer is also called lateral gene transfer and may account for 10 to 50% of all the genes in a bacterial or archaeal genome.
	opbs.okstate.edu /~melcher/MG/MGW3/MG334.html (293 words)

	Report on horizontal gene transfer
		There is overwhelming evidence that horizontal gene transfer (and subsequent recombination) has been responsible for creating new viral and bacterial pathogens and spreading drug and antibiotic resistance genes.
		These foreign genes may be up to 30 times more likely to escape and spread than the plants own genes.(9) One way this could happen is by secondary horizontal gene transfer via insects visiting the plants for pollen and nectar.
		Transfer may occur to pollinators and other insects feeding on the plant, and via the insects, the genes may be transferred to unrelated species of higher plants.
	www.i-sis.org.uk /ireaff99.php (3046 words)

	Open-source gene transfer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		They found that other species of benign bacteria can be modified in a surprisingly simple way to do the same job, and the resulting gene transfer technology is to be made available on an 'open source' basis as part of the recently launched BIOS initiative ( Nature 431, 494; 2004).
		Gene transfer to plants by diverse species of bacteria
		STANTON B. Gene transfer from bacteria to plants was thought to be limited to the bacterial genus Agrobacterium.
	www.nature.com /nature/links/050210/050210-9.html (179 words)

	Horizontal Gene Transfer--The Hidden Hazards of Genetic Engineering
		For horizontal gene transfer to be successful, the foreign genetic material must become integrated into the cell’s genome, or become stably maintained in the recipient cell in some other form.
		Genes hitch-hiking in genetic parasites, ie, viruses, plasmids and transposons, therefore, have a greater probability of being successfully transferred into cells and genomes.
		Both the artificial vectors used in genetic engineering and the genes transferred to make transgenic organisms are predominantly from viruses and bacteria associated with diseases, and these are being brought together in combinations that have never existed in billions of years of evolution.
	www.ratical.org /co-globalize/MaeWanHo/horizontal.html (5579 words)

	Definition of Horizontal gene transfer
		Analysis of DNA sequences suggests that horizontal gene transfer has also occurred within eukaryotes, from their chloroplast and mitochondrial genome to their nuclear genome.
		Horizontal gene transfer is a potentially confounding factor in inferring phylogenetic trees based on the sequence of one gene.
		For example, the most common gene to be used for constructing phylogenetic relationships in prokaryotes is the 16s rRNA gene, since its sequences tend to be conserved among members with close phylogenetic distances, but variable enough that differences can be measured.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Horizontal_gene_transfer (652 words)

	Recent Evidence Confirms Risks of Horizontal Gene Transfer
		High rates of gene transfer are known to be associated with the plant root system and the germinating seed [18].
		Agrobacterium was also found to transfer genes into several types of human cells [19], and in a manner similar to that which it uses to transform plant cells.
		And the potential for horizontal gene transfer to the next crop via the germinating seed and root system should be carefully monitored.
	www.i-sis.org.uk /FSAopenmeeting.php (2274 words)

	PAG-IX: DEVELOPING NEW GENETIC VARIATION IN POULTRY BY GENE TRANSFER AND CHROMOSOME ALTERATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		One of the principal objectives of the NC-168 multistate project is to develop new genetic variation in poultry by gene transfer and chromosome alteration.
		The major approaches for developing gene transfer technology in poultry are retroviral vectors and the development of primordial germ cells and embryonic stem cells.
		As economically important genes for poultry are identified, the refinement of gene transfer methods becomes more critical to assess their biological function.
	www.intl-pag.org /9/abstracts/W48_02.html (175 words)

	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene transfer enhances dilation of newborn piglet pulmonary arteries -- Aschner et ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Gene transfer is a promising therapy for many genetic and acquired diseases of the lung ( 36).
		Gene transfer to vascular tissue is an experimental approach that lends itself to functional investigations of targeted genes
		Comparison of adenovirus gene transfer to vascular endothelial cells in cell culture, organ culture, and in vivo.
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/277/1/H371 (5060 words)

	Gene Transfer Vector Core
		The Gene Transfer Vector Core (GTVC) utilizes molecular biology techniques to engineer and produce vectors necessary for gene transfer in research experiments or pre-clinical studies.
		The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine GTVC brings together investigators interested in developing and using, viral and non-viral vectors for gene transfer with specialists in the area of vector construction.
		The Gene Transfer Vector Core (GTVC) is in the Eckstein Medical Research Building (EMRB) located on the west side of the Iowa River in Iowa City.
	www.uiowa.edu /~gene (151 words)

	Horizontal Gene Transfer--Hidden Hazards of GE
		Horizontal gene transfer is the transfer of genetic material between cells or genomes belonging to unrelated species, by processes
		frequency of horizontal gene transfer 10 to 10 000 fold(5).
		gene transfer between 10 to 10 000 fold.
	online.sfsu.edu /~rone/GEessays/horizgenetransfer.html (4620 words)

	Gene Transfer of Prepro-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Restores Erectile Function in the Aged Rat -- Bivalacqua et al. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Gene Transfer of Prepro-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Restores Erectile Function in the Aged Rat -- Bivalacqua et al.
		Gene Transfer of Prepro-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Restores Erectile Function in the Aged Rat
		gene was measured by chemiluminescence and was observed in cavernosal
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/abstract/65/5/1371 (474 words)

	Gene transfer - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		For example, gene transfer may help treat type 1 diabetes (which is due to failure of the pancreas to produce enough insulin).
		Among the key factors that decide whether the gene for insulin is turned on or off is the gene PDX-1.
		Gene transfer of PDX-1 may reprogram tissues other than the pancreas to make insulin and control the abnormally high blood sugar levels in diabetes.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=13099 (390 words)

	Interorganellar Gene Transfer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The presence of plastid pseudogenes in mitochondrial genes suggests that interorganellar gene flow is random.
		The evidence for transfer of genes from mitochondria and plastids to the nucleus supports the endosymbiont theory for the origin of the former two organelles.
		Different angiosperm evolutionary lineages differ in the distribution between nucleus and mitochondrion of genes for the proteins of mitochondrial ribosomes, suggesting multiple events of transfer of genes from mitochondria to nuclei ( ref).
	opbs.okstate.edu /~melcher/MG/MGW3/MG335.html (275 words)

	FDA/CBER - Cellular & Gene Therapy
		The Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) regulates human gene therapy products - products that introduce genetic material into the body to replace faulty or missing genetic material, thus treating or curing a disease or abnormal medical condition.
		However, the amount of gene-related research and development occurring in the United States continues to grow at a fast rate and FDA is actively involved in overseeing this activity.
		FDA has received many requests from medical researchers and manufacturers to study gene therapy and to develop gene therapy products.
	www.fda.gov /cber/gene.htm (214 words)

	Viruses and Other Gene Transfer Mechanisms. by Brig Klyce
		In the analogy between genes and written text, this move is a transfer of paragraphs or pages from one library to another.
		24 Feb 2005 : Prokaryote to eukaryote gene transfer is evident in the sequenced genome of an intesinal parasite.
		Certainly the case for horizontal gene transfer as a major factor in evolution is not in jeopardy.
	www.panspermia.com /virus.htm (6612 words)

	Study Explores Gene Transfer To Modify Underlying Course Of Alzheimer's Disease
		The active part of the drug is the NGF gene, the human DNA strand that codes for the NGF protein, a natural substance that exerts positive effects on brain cells.
		The virus coating (AAV vector) that carries the NGF gene is well studied and has been used in several other gene transfer studies to deliver different genes to treat cancer, cystic fibrosis, and Parkinson's disease.
		The vector will transfer the gene for NGF only to the area of the brain where it is placed.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/09/040922072502.htm (1262 words)

	European Society of Gene Therapy (ESGT) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The primary objectives of the European Society of Gene Therapy (ESGT) are to promote basic and clinical research in gene therapy, to promote education and the exchange of information and technology related to gene transfer and therapy and to serve as a professional adviser to the community and to the regulatory bodies in Europe.
		SCID Gene Therapy in France on Clinical Hold Due to Diagnosis of a Third Case of Lymphoproliferative Disorder
		This note has no relevance for patient safety or treatment with gene transfer medicinal products as the SACGM (CU) provides technical and scientific advice to the UK Competent Authorities (UK CAs) on all aspects of the human and environmental risks of the contained use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) only.
	www.esgt.org (308 words)

	New Human Gene Transfer Research Data System, March 26, 2004 Press Release - National Institutes of Health (NIH)
		Investigators and sponsors conducting human gene transfer trials will now be able to report adverse events using a secure electronic interface on the GeMCRIS system.
		The electronic reporting tool is key to efforts by both agencies to improve safety oversight and reporting in human gene transfer trials through the harmonization of NIH and FDA reporting requirements.
		Investigators and sponsors who wish to use the system to report adverse events occurring on human gene transfer trials should send a written request on institutional letterhead by U.S. mail or fax to: GeMCRIS Systems Administrator, NIH Office of Biotechnology Activities, 6705 Rockledge Drive, Suite 750, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Fax: 301-496-9839.
	www.nih.gov /news/pr/mar2004/od-26.htm (619 words)

	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene transfer enhances dilation of newborn piglet pulmonary arteries -- Aschner et ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene transfer enhances dilation of newborn piglet pulmonary arteries -- Aschner et al.
		Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene transfer enhances dilation of newborn piglet pulmonary arteries
		We determined the expression and functional correlate of in vitro transfection with a recombinant adenoviral vector encoding
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/277/1/H371 (241 words)

	Gene Therapy - Abstract of article: Adeno-associated virus-mediated human IL-10 gene transfer suppresses the ...
		Gene Therapy - Abstract of article: Adeno-associated virus-mediated human IL-10 gene transfer suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune orchitis
		Adeno-associated virus-mediated human IL-10 gene transfer suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune orchitis
		To determine the effects on EAO of human IL-10 (hIL-10) gene transfer, C3H/He mice immunized by unilateral testicular injury were administered intramuscular (i.m.) injections of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector-encoding hIL-10 on the day of immunization.
	www.nature.com /doifinder/10.1038/sj.gt.3302463 (337 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Gene screen hints at what makes stem cells special.
		Noninvasive gene transfer to the lung for systemic delivery of therapeutic proteins
		Gene therapy could turn airways into a medicine pump.
	www.nature.com /news/archive/020909.html (99 words)

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