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Topic: General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

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	Soviet Union Encyclopedia Article @ LaunchBase.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Soviet Union, founded three decades before the Cold War, became a primary model for future Communist states; the government and the political organization of the country were defined by the only permitted political party, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
		The Soviet Union was established in December 1922 as the union of the Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Transcaucasian Soviet republics ruled by Bolshevik parties.
		The Soviet Union occupied the eastern portion of the European continent and the northern portion of the Asian continent.
	www.launchbase.org /encyclopedia/Soviet_Union (6200 words)

	General secretary - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The official title of the de-facto leader of the Soviet Union was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
		The term General Secretary often refers to the Secretary-General of an organization such as the Secretary-General of the United Nations or Secretary-General of the League of Nations.
		The General Secretary may also be the head of a trade union, particularly in the United Kingdom or another association such as a federation of agriculture or farmer's union or a co-operative.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/General_Secretary (330 words)

	General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (First Secretary in 1953-1966) was the title synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union after Vladimir Lenin's death in 1924.
		Once Stalin came to dominate the Politburo, the position of General Secretary became synonymous with that of party leader and de facto ruler of the USSR.
		From 1934 on, Stalin increasingly preferred to sign documents as just "Secretary of the Central Committee" and there are no official references to the post between the XIXth Party Congress in October 1952 and Stalin's death on March 5, 1953, but there was never any doubt that he remained in charge.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union (484 words)

	Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics · Official Government Site Of The Soviet Union
		Marcus Bosher (Communist Party Of The Estonian SSR)
		Muhammad Farsai (Communist Party Of The Afghan SSR)
		Nicolae Voljiesk (Communist Party Of The Romanian SSR)
	www.freewebs.com /unionofarmeddominions/government.htm (1395 words)

	General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (sometimes called First Secretary) was the title synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union after Lenin's death in 1924.
		The position was originally an administrative one when it was created in 1922 with Stalin being the first to hold the title but the access to and authority over the party bureaucracy which accrued to the position allowed Stalin to increase his power during Lenin's illness and particularly after his death.
		Once Stalin came to dominate the Politburo the position of General Secretary became synonymous with that of party leader and de facto ruler of the USSR though the General Secretary often did not hold official government positions.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /General_Secretary_of_the_CPSU (204 words)

	Communist Party of the Soviet Union -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The Communist Party of the Soviet Union arose from the Bolshevik wing of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party (RSDWP).
		Writers' Union of the U.S.S.R. organization formed in 1932 by a decree of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union that abolished existing literary organizations and absorbed all professional Soviet writers into one large union.
		Profile of this general secretary of the Communist Party of erstwhile Soviet Union and former chief of KGB.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9024991?tocId=9024991 (804 words)

	Country Studies - Mongolia: Soviet Union
		By 1985 the Soviet Union had consulates in the cities of Choybalsan; Darhan, where many Soviet-built factories were located; and Erdenet, the site of a Mongolian-Soviet joint copper and molybdenum mining enterprise (see Industry).
		When Batmonh became general secretary of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party, an event followed closely by Gorbachev's election as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the two leaders pledged to uphold and to strengthen the Mongolian-Soviet alliance.
		Soviet foreign minister Eduard Shevardnadze visited Mongolia from January 23 to 25, 1986, shortly after celebrations marking the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the 1966 Mongolian-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance and its extension for ten years.
	www.photoglobe.info /ebooks/mongolia/cstudies_mongolia_0145.html (862 words)

	TCC - Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev
		Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was born on March 2, 1931 in Privolye, Stavropol, U.S.S.R. He was general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 - 1991 and president of the Soviet Union from 1990 - 1991.
		Because of the Communist Party's serious resistance against the reforms, Gorbachev tried to reorganize the government's legislative and in December 1988 a new parliament was introduced.
		From 1989 on, the Soviet influence on the Soviet-bloc countries in eastern Europe decreased, a process which was supported by Gorbachev.
	www.cybercomm.nl /~redbad/nato/gorbachev.html (800 words)

	Reagan's Osama Connection By Fred Kaplan
		Gorbachev took the helm as the reform-minded general-secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in March 1985.
		Part of the Soviet failure in Afghanistan was due to the fact that the Reagan administration was feeding billions of dollars in arms to Afghanistan's Islamic resistance.
		Correction, June 11: Leonid Brezhnev was general-secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union at the time of the Afghanistan invasion, not Yuri Andropov as the article originally stated.
	www.slate.com /id/2102243 (1295 words)

	Foreign Affairs - Reagan and Gorbachev: Gorbachev and Economic Reform - Marshall I. Goldman
		Summary: Soviet citizens were probably relieved at the selection of Mikhail Gorbachev as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, for he stands in sharp contrast to his aging and ailing predecessors.
		Soviet citizens were probably relieved at the selection of Mikhail Gorbachev as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, for he stands in sharp contrast to his aging and ailing predecessors.
		In the limited period he was in power, Andropov fired over 20 ministers and deputy ministers, along with 20-30 percent of the party and government officials at the local level.
	www.foreignaffairs.org /19850901faessay8449/marshall-i-goldman/reagan-and-gorbachev-gorbachev-and-economic-reform.html?mode=print (676 words)

	Mikhail Gorbachev -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Over the course of Yury Andropov's 15-month tenure (1982–84) as general secretary of the Communist Party, Gorbachev became one of the Politburo's most highly active and visible members; and, after Andropov died and Konstantin Chernenko became general secretary in February 1984, Gorbachev became a likely successor to the latter.
		But the Communist hard-liners who had replaced reformers in the government proved undependable allies, and Gorbachev and his family were briefly held under house arrest from August 19 to 21, 1991, during a short-lived coup by the hard-liners.
		Soviet official, the general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) from 1985 to 1991 and president of the Soviet Union in 1990–91.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9037405?tocId=9037405 (2108 words)

	The end of Communist rule in East Central Europe
		In February 1985, Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev became General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
		The Soviet Union did not react to the Polish events according to the 'Brezhnev Doctrine', as it had done in Czechoslovakia in 1968, or even in the nominally "hands-off" approach they had taken in the 1981 Polish events.
		Husák was replaced as general secretary of the Communist Party by Miloš Jakeš in 1987, although he remained in the post of President.
	www.bath.ac.uk /~lismd/czech/1989-wende.html (7581 words)

	Brad Cox, Ph.D.
		When Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the Communist Party, he had done little to distinguish himself from his comrades in the Central Committee or later in the Politburo.
		The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a great and unpredecented federation of socialist states based upon the equality of all nations.
		One big difference between the 20th Congress of the Communist Party in 1956, where Khrushchev gave his "secret" report, and this conference is that the earlier meeting was a _delegated_ body that represented the Party as a whole.
	www.virtualschool.edu /mon/SocialConstruction/CollapseOfRussiaAndMarx.html (5760 words)

	The Collapse of Eastern Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		With the breakdown in regional organisation and the authority of the Communist Party, the usual appeal to workers and youth from the cities to help with the harvest was falling upon deaf ears.
		While perestroika was proving ineffective in resolving the economic crisis in the Soviet Union, with a consequent continuation in the decline of the influence of the Soviet Union, the policy of glasnost was sending messages to its 'allies'.
		The Social-Democratic Party, forcibly absorbed by the HSWP in the 1940s, was relaunched, as was the Smallholders Party, which had won a majority in the 1945 election, and whose sole policy was now restoration of land nationalised since 1945.
	home.mira.net /~andy/bs/bs4-1.htm (11883 words)

	Talk:General Secretary of the Communist Party of the... - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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	Timelines - This Day in Alternate History
		He was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991.
		He was President of the Soviet Union from 1988 to 1991 (at first as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, until the Supreme Soviet was replaced by the Congress of People's Deputies).
		Leonid Brezhnev ruled the USSR as First Secretary (later General Secretary) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982, and as Chairman of the Presidium from 1977 to 1982, replacing Nikolai Podgorny.
	www.othertimelines.com /displayThread.php?threadID=592 (156 words)

	Lest We Forget by Paul Craig Roberts
		At that time Krushchev, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, held the most powerful political office in the world.
		But he probably did not know that in denouncing Stalin he was shattering the myth of Party Infallibility and setting in motion the ultimate demise of the Communist Party.
		Party members have explained the shattering effect of Krushchev’s speech on their belief system.
	www.lewrockwell.com /roberts/roberts152.html (735 words)

	Workers World [Sam Marcy]: Class rule and the forms of property (Jan. 16, 1992)
		During the war the Communist parties led the anti-fascist resistance in France and Italy.
		The moderates in the Soviet Party leadership--yes, there were moderates under Stalin--viewed the French Communist Party in particular with wariness.
		Theoreticians and practical politicians in the leadership of the Soviet Union were particularly intrigued by the nationalizations, especially in steel, which took place in 1946.
	www.workers.org /marcy/1992/sm920116.html (3780 words)

	Official Monster Raving Loony Party: Croydon Branch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, quoted in "Stalin and the Modern Epoch", published by the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (1999)
		Feudalism stands for a social system and thought that has long ago become an adornment to the museum; capitalism has already made its partial entry into the museum and the portions that remain outside the museum have become moribund; they are gulping their last breath, and before long their days are numbered.
		Party officials and members must also have revolutionary optimism and a strong desire for work, and give full play to their creativity and zeal, so as to push ahead with all work energetically.
	myweb.tiscali.co.uk /croydonloony/rival9.html (3365 words)

	Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev
		ikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was born on March 2, 1931 in Privolye, Stavropol, U.S.S.R. He was general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 - 1991 and president of the Soviet Union from 1990 - 1991.
		e owed much of his steady rise in the party to the patronage of Mikhail Suslov, the leading party ideologue.
		nother important policy of Gorbachev was the perestroika or restructuring, the attempts to democratize the Soviet political system, of which the most striking fact was the introduction of multiple candidates during elections.
	cla.calpoly.edu /~lcall/gorby.bio.html (800 words)

	Events in the Soviet Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The startling events that occurred in the Soviet Union during the course of this week are a clear indication of the fragility of the process of renewal set in motion under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev since he became General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
		From the reports it is clear that a group within the Soviet leadership, drawn principally from the Security apparatus and the Army, unconstitutionally seized power in the early hours of Monday 19th August.
		The ANC congratulates the Soviet people and their leadership on the speed with which they have been able to restore normality in their country and looks forward to the future maintenance of the process of reform on course.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/pr/1991/pr0822.html (604 words)

	Gorbachev's Glasnost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Media constraints were so centralized and thorough that serious alternatives to the official line of the ruling Communist Party of the Soviet Union, on even a small scale, did not exist.
		Glasnost, most commonly translated into English as "openness," was a key concept of Mikhail Gorbachev's administration as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
		Anyone interested in the events that led to the fall of communism and the breakup of the Soviet Union, as well as those interested in the effects of mass media on politics and culture, will find it intriguing and solidly researched.
	www.tamu.edu /upress/books/1999/gibbs.htm (486 words)

	Workers World [Sam Marcy]: From Gorbachev to Yeltsin (Nov. 7, 1992)
		The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a great and unprecedented federation of socialist states based upon the equality of all nations.
		One big difference between the 20th Congress of the Communist Party in 1956, where Khrushchev gave his "secret" report, and this conference is that the earlier meeting was a delegated body that represented the Party as a whole.
		What is generally overlooked, especially in the U.S., is that the missile crisis also posed the threat of counterrevolution in the USSR.
	www.workers.org /marcy/cd/sam92/1992html/s921107.htm (5709 words)

	"Sholokhov at the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
		In the Union of Soviet Writers, there are 3,247 members and 526 candidates--in all, 3,773 people armed with pens and possessing, to a greater or lesser degree, literary mastery.
		This is intolerable in general and is it especially intolerable when it is the hand of a writer-Communist reaching into the till of a factory or other establishment.
		The Union of Writers is not a military detachment and certainly not a penal batallion.
	www.sovlit.com /sholokhov_20thcongress (4212 words)

	"Kremlin and Wall Street: Two Rival Gangs"- TiM GW Bulletin 98/12-4b
		What bothered them, though, was that the project did not have an authorization from the General Secretary without whose approval the plan could not implemented.
		Finally, during the last days of May, they told him that the General Secretary was busy, and besides, he considers it premature for his signature to appear upon this document.
		It should be carried out under the slogans of "Glasnost," struggle for socialism with "human face," and preparation of reforms for transition "from socialism to capitalism." One (Soviet) leader, supposedly the General Secretary, should be in charge of "Perestroyka".
	www.truthinmedia.org /truthinmedia/Bulletins/tim97-12-4b.html (2584 words)

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