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	General strike - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A general strike is a strike action by an entire labour force in a city, region or country.
		General strikes were frequent in Spain during the early twentieth century, where revolutionary anarcho-syndicalism was most popular.
		The term "general strike" is sometimes also applied to large-scale strikes of all of the workers in a particular industry, such as the Textile workers strike (1934).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/General_strike (314 words)

	ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - General Strike of 1926 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		General Strike of 1926, in British history, the occasion on which the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) called out 1,750,000 workers...
		Either economic or political purposes may be served by the “general” strike, wherein all workers in a city, country, or other geographical area...
		The best-known form of industrial action is the strike, whereby workers withdraw their labour and often picket the gates of their work place with the...
	au.encarta.msn.com /General_Strike_of_1926.html (126 words)

	UK General Strike of 1926 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The UK General Strike of 1926 lasted nine days, from 3 May to 12 May 1926, and was called by the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in an unsuccessful attempt to force the government to act to prevent wage reduction and worsening conditions for coal miners.
		The Samuel Commission published its report in March 1926: it recognised that the industry needed to be reorganised but rejected the suggestion of nationalisation.
		On the 12 May, the TUC General Council visited 10 Downing Street to announce their decision to call off the strike, provided that the proposals worked out by the Samuel Commission were adhered to and that the Government offered a guarantee that there would be no victimisation of strikers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/UK_General_Strike_1926 (798 words)

	General strike - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		General strikes are effective because of the wide-reaching disruption they cause.
		Few official services continue to run in a general strike because other workers will often be pressured by strikers and labour organisations to join the strike.
		A large-scale strike, like a general strike, requires a high level of labour organisation.
	open-encyclopedia.com /General_strike (191 words)

	AllRefer.com - general strike (Labor) - Encyclopedia
		general strike, sympathetic cessation of work by a majority of the workers in all industries of a locality or nation.
		In 1926 a general strike in Great Britain was called in sympathetic protest against the national lockout of the coal miners, but the strikers were forced to capitulate when it became clear that the government was able to keep essential services running and when only about half of the workers answered the strike call.
		In France a general strike, which failed, was called (1938) to protest against a government decree lengthening hours and penalizing strikers.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/G/generals.html (452 words)

	Radical Glasgow
		On the eve of the strike a May Day demonstration marched through Bridgeton to Glasgow Green; there was a tremendous feeling of solidarity, also a wide spread class consciousness which in some degree was due to the selfless effort of the great propagandist and political activist John MacLean, who died in November 1923.
		In Glasgow the solidarity of the strike and the spontaneous mass picketing was an indication of the strength of feeling in support of the strike.
		The historian A. Taylor commented on the General Strike with these words, “The response of the trade union members was fantastic, all stopped work when called upon, and practically none returned to work until the strike was over.
	www.gcal.ac.uk /radicalglasgow/chapters/general_strike.html (3089 words)

	general strike
		The strike was called by the Trades Union Congress in response to a national lockout of coal-miners, but the government was able to keep most services running and the TUC capitulated after nine days.
		Elsewhere, the general strike was used as a political weapon by anarchists and others (see syndicalism), especially in Spain and Italy.
		The immediate cause of the 1926 general strike was the report of a royal commission on the coal-mining industry (Samuel Report (1926)) which, among other things, recommended a cut in wages.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0029515.html (371 words)

	PlanetPapers - The General Strike of 1926
		The General Strike was in origin, therefore, the tactical product of a pattern of in-dustrial conflict and union organisation which had developed over the past twenty-five years or so in industries where unionism had been introduced only with difficulty, among rapidly expanding labour forces traditionally resistant to organisation, or against strong opposition from employers.
		Therefore the General Council of the TUC, which always emphasised the industrial character of the dispute, by the very nature of the General Strike was not fighting the owners but the government, which was forced into taking part in negotiations and put this pressure on the owners.
		This development was not only the result of the General Strike but, as Phillips emphasised, also due to the "sectional conflicts which took place in the early 1920s, which had been in many cases more costly to the firms involved, and which certainly seemed a likelier mode of resistance to further attack on wages now".
	www.planetpapers.com /Assets/1063.php (2370 words)

	Ymgyrchu! - Labour Struggles - The Miners' Next Step and the 1926 General Strike
		The workers were on strike until October 1911 when they were forced to return on the owners' terms and conditions.
		The main reason for the strike was the difference of opinion between the miners and the government over the propsals of the Samuel Commission on the coal industry.
		There was violence between those on strike and those who had returned to work, and during the last few weeks of the strike, between the miners and the police.
	www.llgc.org.uk /ymgyrchu/Llafur/1926/index-e.htm (602 words)

	Tony Cliff: Patterns of mass strike (Part 2)
		Thus the historical background to the 1926 general strike was a descent from a pre-revolutionary situation in 1919 to the almost complete disappearance of shop stewards’ organisation, lack of confidence of rank-and-file workers, and therefore the heavy dependence on the trade union bureaucracy.
		Hence also the willingness of the workers – in their millions – to strike, to occupy their workplaces and to go on to the offensive once the students had begun the fight and once the potentiality of a really mass strike of workers began to be realised.
		The general policy of the unions was to minimise the involvement of workers in the strike and the occupation of the factories.
	www.marxists.org /archive/cliff/works/1985/patterns/part2.htm (8370 words)

	1921
		A national miners’ strike in 1920 ended in compromise but strike action against wage cuts and local pay bargaining in 1921 failed and was marked, on “Black Friday”, by the collapse of the Triple Alliance (of miners’, transport workers’ and rail unions) and its promise of joint industrial action.
		The class-determined character of the General Strike and coal dispute and the apparently callous nature of Government policy heightened Labour’s appeal as a specifically working-class party and after the1929 General Election it became the largest single party and formed its second government.
		The strike was an industrial dispute, though one with undeniably political overtones, and its leaders and supporters (despite an active left-wing minority) were not motivated by revolutionary sentiments.
	faculty.goucher.edu /history231/Boughton_General_Strike.htm (2888 words)

	Britain 1926 General Strike: On the Verge of Revolution
		Appallingly, this bloc with the General Council actually continued for a year after the strike was defeated at the hands of the TUC leaders.
		It is simply a wage dispute." Indeed it was not yet a revolutionary movement, but a strange mere wage dispute which involves a general strike, councils of action, in some parts of the country, like the north east, almost dual power with the workers in control of everything that moved.
		There are indeed eerie comparisons with the miners strike of 1984-5 where the heroic struggle of the miners and the support of the rank and file of other unions was only matched by the treachery of the TUC and Labour leaders.
	www.marxist.com /History/british_gen_strike_1926.html (3705 words)

	Checklist of General Strike Newspapers of 1926: The British Library Newspaper Library
		The General Strike began on 3rd May and finished on 12th May. The issues of periodicals scheduled for publication between 5th and 15th May inclusive were typically affected, and these are listed if they appeared.
		The Northampton Herald, and General Advertiser for the Midland Counties.
		Published monthly, the May issue was delayed until after the General Strike had ended; with the subsequent issue, a double one for June-July, the journal ceased publication.
	www.bl.uk /collections/strike.html (10122 words)

	Ymgyrchu! - Labour Struggles - The Miner's strikes of the 70's and 80's.
		As a result of the strike, the miners' wages were increased, becoming among the highest among the British working class.
		By 4 February 1974 the miners' situation had deteriorated and a national miners strike was called again.
		Arthur Scargill, President of the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), called on the miners to strike, and on 12 March a strike started which was to last for nearly a year.
	www.llgc.org.uk /ymgyrchu/Llafur/1972/index-e.htm (395 words)

	Encyclopedia: UK General Strike 1926 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		1926 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar).
		May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years).
		May 7 is the 127th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (128th in leap years).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/UK-General-Strike-1926 (1134 words)

	Red Clydeside: The reds and the General Strike [booklet cover] / Communist Party of Great Britain, 1926 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		During the General Strike of 1926, Communist Party of Great Britain members were active in the many strike committees and councils of action which had been set up to help coordinate the strike.
		One result of the party's contribution to the strike was a big increase in its membership, from 5000 before the strike to 10000 by September 1926.
		The defeat of the strike led to the introduction of vicious anti-trade union legislation in the form of the Trade Union Bill of 1927.
	gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk /redclyde/redcly139.htm (237 words)

	Raymond Postgate Papers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Added to his collection is a collection of J.P.M. Millar consisting of strike bulletins and issues of newspapers with articles on the general strike in 1926.
		Strike bulletins in labour journals published by a number of trade unions throughout the British Isles concerning the General Strike of 1926.
		Strike news bulletins published by The British Worker, the official strike news bulletin of the General Council of the Trade Union Congress.
	www.iisg.nl /archives/nl/files/p/10766364full.php (406 words)

	general strike -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A strike covering only one industry cannot properly be called a general strike.
		Strikes arise for a number of reasons, though principally in response to economic conditions (defined as an economic strike and meant to improve wages and benefits) or labour practices (intended to improve work conditions).
		His comment was: “There is no right to strike against the public safety by anyone, anywhere, any time.” Coolidge's action helped gain him the Republican vice-presidential nomination in 1920.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9036378?tocId=9036378 (899 words)

	General Strike (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Seattle General Strike Projectis an on-line resource center for information about the 1919 General Strike and related labor history of Seattle and the Pacific Northwest.
		Among the more interesting links are an IWW maintained map of general strikes around the world and a guide to the music and lyrics of the rock opera "Seattle 1919" recorded in 1985 by the FUSE.
		Dashiell Hammetts 1927 novel with references to the Wobblies, the general strike and corruption in a California mining town.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/5202/GenStrike.htm (443 words)

	General Strike
		A Royal Commission was set up and in 1926, it concluded that the industry was in need of re-organization and that some miners should accept wage cuts.
		On the 30th April 1926, the miners who refused the cuts were locked out and Britain’s coalfields came to a stop.
		The TUC called all trade unionists to strike, and between 3rd and 12th May, Britain was paralysed as most of the British workforce came out on strike to support the miners.
	www.agor.org.uk /cwm/themes/events/general_strike.asp (317 words)

	Permit issued by TUC allowing courier freedom of movement during General Strike, May 1926 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		During the General Strike of 1926 the General Council of the TUC assumed responsibility for the nationwide planning of the strike on behalf of the workers.
		Whilst the General Council of the TUC took overall control of national planning of the General Strike, it was bodies such as the Trades Councils and the newly formed Central Strike Coordinating Committees who organised the strike at the regional and district levels.
		The maintenance of communication was one of the main functions of the local Strike Committees and channels of communication could only be effectively maintained in strike conditions by the issuing of strike permits which allowed couriers to travel across the country with permission to pass through picket lines.
	sites.scran.ac.uk /redclyde/redclyde/rc204.htm (277 words)

	The Union Makes Us Strong: TUC History Online
		'General Strike of 1926: the economic, political and social causes of the class war' by R.A. Florey.
		'The General Strike 1926: The British Gazette and The British Worker'.
		'The General Strike: a historical portrait' by Julian Symons.
	www.unionhistory.info /generalstrike/links.php (191 words)

	The Social General Strike (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		During the 1926 General Strike the strikers did not care two hoots whether the strike was legal or illegal.
		The strike failed only because it was called off by the trade union leaders and the workers had not learned to distrust those leaders suffi-ciently.
		Not for the General Strike alone must we organ ise scientifically - the everyday needs of the workers cry aloud for an efficient union movement to protect their wage packets.
	www.radio4all.org /redblack/books/sgstrike.html (4423 words)

	BBC News \| Stanley Baldwin \| General Strike and "Safety First"
		The December 1923 general election left the Conservatives as the largest party but with only 257 seats, compared to 191 for Labour and 158 for the Liberals.
		In foreign affairs, the main achievement of Baldwin's second government was the signing of the Locarno Treaties in 1926.
		The strike won, however, Baldwin's government passed the 1927 Trades Disputes Act, which brought in virtually the same anti-Labour laws that he had opposed in 1925.
	news.bbc.co.uk /low/english/special_report/1997/uk_politics/stanley_baldwin/newsid_40000/40469.stm (910 words)

	BOOKWATCH: THE GENERAL STRIKE
		Both give a general outline of the events and explain the role of the trade unions and the failure of the left, especially the CPGB, in dealing with the historic events that were occurring.
		The strike was not defeated by the strong arm of the state or a lack of determination on the part of the strikers themselves.
		Although the General Strike did not reach the heights of a revolutionary movement, the mere shadow of revolution was enough to scare them.
	pubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uk /isj70/bookwatc.htm (4027 words)

	Politics \| Unions threaten 'biggest strike since 1926'
		Union leaders today warned the government that pushing through a rise in the public sector retirement age to 65 could provoke the biggest industrial action since the General Strike of 1926.
		Industrial action by eight unions protesting to the plan was only narrowly averted before the general election by the promise of talks.
		He also revealed that an entire chapter of his review would be devoted to investigating a phased retirement window, allowing people to work part-time on a partial state pension while deferring full retirement.
	politics.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5285543-110827,00.html (735 words)

	BBC - History - General Strike 1926 - 27 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In support of a strike by coal miners over the issue of threatened wage cuts, the Trades Union Congress called a General Strike in early May 1926.
		The strike only involved certain key industrial sectors (docks, electricity, gas, railways) but, in the face of well-organised government emergency measures and lack of real public support, it collapsed after nine days.
		The miners continued to strike but returned to work in August, accepting lower wages and longer hours.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/timelines/england/ear20_general_strike.shtml (164 words)

	The Union Makes Us Strong: TUC History Online
		The General Strike Collection comprises material collected by library staff in 1926 and includes TUC documents and bulletins, printed publications and newspapers from Britain and overseas.
		Other records, such as bulletins produced by local trades councils and strike committees, dispatch riders' reports, photographs etc, were passed to the Library from other TUC Departments.
		Additional TUC files from the General Strike period are available at the Modern Records Centre at the University of Warwick.
	www.unionhistory.info /generalstrike/index.php (206 words)

	politics 1914-74 general bibliography
		Ainsworth,JH Accrington 1926: Comprehensive History of the General Strike as it affected Accrington and District
		Anstis,R Blood on Coal: The 1926 General Strike and Miners’ Lockout in the Forest of Dean
		Kibblewhite,L and Rigby,A Aberdeen in the General Strike
	www.le.ac.uk /histstud/teaching/HS2001_Ball.html (1018 words)

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