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Topic: Generalized star height problem

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	or.abstract.html
		The mechanism for adhesion-induced phase separation is rather general, as is demonstrated by considering two distinct cases involving: (i) stickers with a linear attractive potential, and (ii) stickers with a short-ranged square-well potential.
		Abstract:The problem of charged polymer chains (polyelectrolytes) as they adsorb on a planar surface is addressed theoretical We review with 27 refs basic mechanisms and theory underlying polyelectrolyte adsorption on a single surface in two situations: adsorption of a single charged chain, and adsorption from a bulk solution in θ solvent conditions.
		Generalizations to random fields with nonzero averages lead to a 'freezing line' and are relevant to experiments on binary-fluid mixtures in gels and in porous media.
	star.tau.ac.il /~andelman/org_abstract.html (12834 words)

	Star height problem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The star-height problem in formal language theory is the question whether all regular languages can be expressed using regular expressions with a limited nesting depth of Kleene stars.
		This theoretical problem remained open for 25 years until it was solved by Kosaburo Hashiguchi.
		The answer to all questions is yes: Hashiguchi published an algorithm to determine an expression's star height in 1988.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Star_height_problem (141 words)

	Math Forum: Rubric - Coding PoW Problem Difficulty
		Finally, problems at the high school level (algebra, geometry, discrete mathematics, trigonometry/calculus) are understood to include work undertaken by students in grades 9-12, and the challenge here is in the level of abstraction and the required synthesis of prior knowledge.
		Coding of problem difficulty focuses on the mathematical challenges represented by the problem, the difficulty of the mathematical concept, and the difficulty of mathematical calculations for students at a given level of problem solving.
		This problem could be solved by the guess-and-check method, which should be prior knowledge for the student and would ordinarily cause this to be scored as a level 1 problem.
	mathforum.org /library/problems/difficulty.html (2436 words)

	Some results on the generalized star-height problem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In this problem, as opposed to the restricted star-height problem, complementation is considered as a basic operator.
		In the same direction, we show that one of the languages that was conjectured to be of star height 2 during the past ten years, is in fact of star height 1.
		Next we show that if a rational language L is recognized by a monoid of the variety generated by wreath products of the form M o (G o N), where M and N are aperiodic monoids, and G is a commutative group, then L is of star-height ≤ 1.
	www.liafa.jussieu.fr /~jep/Resumes/StarHeight.html (415 words)

	Aerospace Science and Technology Dictionary G Page
		In radar there are two general usages of the term: (a) antenna gain, or gain factor, is the ratio of the power transmitted along the beam axis to that of an isotropic radiator transmitting the same total power; (b) receiver gain, or video gain, is the amplification given a signal by the receiver.
		Usually employed in problems involving a finite number of degrees of freedom, the generalized coordinates are chosen so as to take advantage of the constraints of the system in reducing the total number of coordinates.
		The height of a given point in the atmosphere in units proportional to the potential energy of unit mass (geopotential) at this height, relative to sea level.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/hqlibrary/aerospacedictionary/508/g.html (10020 words)

	Glossary
		The function is to flex the digit (pastern) and knee (carpus) and to extend the elbow on the front leg and extend the hock on the rear leg.
		Each generation of sires is worth 16 points, divided up by the amount of sires, i.e., the immediate sire is worth 16 points while the four sires four generations back are worth four points apiece.
		A horse's height is measured in hands and inches from the top of the shoulder (withers) to the ground, e.g., 15.2 hands is 15 hands, 2 inches.
	www.countrylifefarm.com /Training/terms.cfm (6922 words)

	The Ocean, the Stars, and the Kitchen Sink \| Living World \| DISCOVER Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To see the heaving of a star in the ocean surf, and both in the kitchen sink, is sufficient proof of the power of analogy.
		Thanks to the Doppler effect, the color of the light absorbed by atoms approaching the star is shifted toward the blue end of the spectrum, while light absorbed by atoms fleeing the star is shifted toward the red.
		The general shapes of the curves of stellar brightness plotted as a function of time, and of water depth measured at a fixed spot as time elapses, resemble each other closely.
	discovermagazine.com /1994/mar/theoceanthestars347 (3245 words)

	Seeking Science in Art: Meta-Level Modeling
		Data modelers generalize entities by creating a new entity with attributes that are common in the sub-type entities, which may share some, if not all, relationships.
		By generalizing the loan item structures in the data model, the focus then is to describe the stable business rules and facts using abstract business concepts which may not be part of the day-to-day business language or terminology.
		The problem arises when the data modeler is not aware that there are inconsistent levels of generalization in the model.
	www.dmreview.com /master.cfm?NavID=55&EdID=881 (3887 words)

	2MASS Picture of the Week Archive
		The illuminating stars for NGC 2068 (to the south) are HDE 38563A and 38563B, while the illuminating star for NGC 2071 (to the north) is HDE 290861.
		The Herbig Ae/Be stars are intermediate-mass pre-main sequence objects, showing emission lines in their optical spectra and appearing with associated nebulosity (they are more massive than their lower-mass counterparts, the T Tauri stars).
		The brightest star in the 2MASS image is a M0 supergiant; the next brightest star, to the northwest, is thought to be a Cepheid variable, due to its proximity to the instability strip on the H-R Diagram.
	www.ipac.caltech.edu /2mass/gallery/powcaptions.html (13158 words)

	Star Wars vs Star Trek Hatemail: Spacebattles.com Babies #3: IXJac
		In other words, there's generally more than one way to skin a cat, which is very important for engineers since we must tailor our methods to the information that happens to be at hand, rather than demanding information that works with a preferred method.
		This kind of "leap to generalized conclusion" mentality is old hat for Trekkies; after all, Riker once said that a laser wouldn't even penetrate their navigational deflector, so newsgroup Trekkies leapt up and down in unison, shouting that any laser is useless against any nav deflector, under any circumstances.
		Of the two problems with his argument, the larger problem is still his ignorance of physics (I would hope that most readers can easily see through the strawman portion of his argument on their own).
	www.stardestroyer.net /Empire/HateMail/Babies/Babies3.html (10139 words)

	antarctica
		Generally speaking, though, we have fared pretty well in our crossing of the passage; compared to the legendary storms that have arisen there, the swells we experienced were nothing!
		One of the worst things about seasickness is that you experience all the ailments directly to the water's motion (persistent nausea, muscle soreness, generalized willingness to die, etc.) as well as a whole new suite of symptoms associated with dehydration (headache, fatigue) and the side effects of seasickness medications (dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision).
		Since seasickness is no longer a problem for me, storms like this can actually be kind of fun, although it can be unnerving to look outside and see nothing but walls of water on every side.
	www.wm.edu /antarctica/annejournal.php (6407 words)

	[No title]
		Young stars with circumstellar material were found in Orion on the second set of HST images of Orion and were called proplyds, indicating their special nature as circumstellar clouds caused to be luminous by being in or near a gaseous nebula [3].
		Two interesting possibilities are spallation in the disk or the companion star requiring energetic particles, or a precursor phase with a Thorne- Zytkow object, a buried neutron star in which the deep hot-bottom convective envelope may generate lithium and mix it to the surface.
		Using the basic thermal Keplerian disk paradigm, we consider in particular generalizations of the standard optically thin disk models needed to accomodate the extremely rich variety of dynamical phenomena exhibited by fl hole candidates, ranging from flares of electron-positron annihilations, quasi-periodic oscillations in the x-ray intensity to x-ray novae activity.
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		General term for several central nervous system tumors, all of which arise from glial (nerve) tissue.
		Generally, cancer cells have a higher rate of mitosis than normal cells.
		Generally a "ringing" in the ears or partial or total hearing loss.
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	[No title]
		This is in general a complicated task even if the original PDE problems is reformulated by means of the generalized Birman-Schwinger principle \cite{BEKS} into solution of an appropriate integral equation.
		On the other hand, spectral problem for point-interaction Hamiltonians is reduced in a standard way to solution of an algebraic equation with coefficients containing values of the free Green function.
		Our interest concerns primarily infinite stars in which the arms are halflines, in particular, since they support localized states despite the fact that the graph geometry would allow escape to infinity.
	www.ma.utexas.edu /mp_arc/papers/03-275 (5124 words)

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		The "generalized skyline plot" subsequently introduced by Strimmer and Pybus [17] reduces the over-fitting present in the classic skyline plot by applying a simple form of regularization: adjacent intervals that alone are likely to have high stochastic noise are pooled together (cf.
		In Egypt 10%-20% of the general population are infected with the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) [31].
		Generally, the star-like shape of the inferred tree already is indicative of exponential growth.
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	ST - OM Episode 18 "Deep Space Ten"
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		She included a complete record of the Star Fury, what was found on the ship as well as Birdie's discovery.
		Until the problem can be resolved the Bendarri Empire has resolved itself to be happy with their loyal allies, the United Federation of Planets.
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	Starmaze Glossary
		An open cell is sometimes referred to as a star (hence the term "starmaze").
		The first form has one star, forms 2 to 5 have two stars, forms 6 to 12 have three stars, forms 13 to 19 have four stars, and the final form has no stars.
		In general, 'pattern' is preferred when referring to abstract properties of starmaze or when referring specifically to the graphic representation of the nine cells.
	www.cartania.com /starmaze/glossary.html (10118 words)

	The star-height problem
		The restricted star-height problem has been solved by Hashiguchi (1983), but here we are interested in that aspect of the problem concerning generalized star-height, in which complementation is considered as a basic operator.
		The (generalized) star-height h(L) of a rational language L is the minimum of the star-height of all rational expressions representing L.
		The combinatorial structure of the languages recognized by nilpotent groups is related to the generalized binomial coefficients introduced by Eilenberg (1976), which count the number of times that a word u appears as a subword (in the sense of subsequence) of a word v.
	www.liafa.jussieu.fr /~jep/Problemes/starheight.html (1172 words)

	X WIndow/Motif Programming
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		The general term for the housekeeping of windows is window management and further details on this will be discussed in Section 3.2.
	www.cm.cf.ac.uk /Dave/X_lecture/X_book_caller/index.html (15107 words)

	s43a in fm04
		There is a general belief that the impedance contrast between the basement rocks and the overlying sediments of sedimentary basins is responsible for the amplification of coda amplitudes recorded by stations there.
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		Plane-wave generating and detecting transducers of diameter 30 mm are placed on axis at the top and bottom of the cylindrical container in direct contact with the glass beads.
	www.agu.org /cgi-bin/SFgate/SFgate?&listenv=table&multiple=1&range=1&directget=1&application=fm04&database=/data/epubs/wais/indexes/fm04/fm04&maxhits=200&="S43A" (7610 words)

	Online Etymology Dictionary
		The notion is of the kind of arduous physical test (such as walking blindfolded and barefoot between red-hot plowshares) that was believed to determine a person's guilt or innocence by immediate judgment of the deity, an ancient Teutonic mode of trial.
		The general verb sense of "to be accepted as equivalent" is from 1596.
		The meaning "lay hold of, come to grips with, attack" is attested from 1828, described by Webster that year as "a common popular use of the word in New England, though not elegant;" fig.
	www.etymonline.com /index.php?search=deal&searchmode=phrase (2058 words)

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		The properties of the neutron star matter, especially its equation of state, have a crucial role for studying the structure and evolution and also determining the mass of neutron stars.
		We have calculated the evolution of neutron stars surrounded by a supernova fallback disk, with an improved estimate of the torque exerted by the disk and the time dependence of the mass transfer rate.
		In their simulations, however, the neutron star was modeled by a sink particle with the size of the Roche lobe, so no direct comparison with the observed X-ray data was possible.
	www.atnf.csiro.au /iau-ga/iau218/postabs.html (13204 words)

	Gravity
		Second, he generalized his theory: he realized that the same laws that apply here on earth must also apply to the movement of the celestial bodies, and this is how he managed to explain the tides: as an earthly effect of celestial bodies.
		If his theory was true, then the star should appear to be in a different position that it was expected according to the astronomical catalogues.
		Hale responded that since no stars are visible during daylight, the only way they could measure it was during a solar eclipse; at that time the sun's light is blocked, and the stars in the sky are easily detected then.
	www-scf.usc.edu /~kallos/gravity.htm (4270 words)

	Quantum Theory
		The quantum postulate immediately solves the problem of the fl-body spectrum; radiation with increasingly short (ultra-violet) wavelength is incorrectly predicted by classical physics to make an increasingly large contribution to the energy loss.
		In general, the probability distribution of the quantum particle shows it to be anything but a point particle when it is in its virtual state.
		This is the tremendous generalization of quantum mechanics over classical mechanics: in the latter the classical particle takes only one definite physical path in evolving from its initial to its final position, whereas in quantum mechanics the 'particle' propagates probabilistically and takes all possible virtual paths from it's observed initial to its final position.
	srikant.org /core/node12.html (10012 words)

	Generalized star height problem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The generalized star-height problem in formal language theory is the open question whether all regular languages defined by regular expressions that include the complement operator can be expressed using regular expressions (possibly including the complement operator) with a limited nesting depth of Kleene stars.
		Specifically, it is an open question whether a nesting depth of more than 2 is required, and if so, whether it is possible to determine how many are required.
		Jean-Eric Pin, Howard Straubing and Denis Thérien, Some results on the generalized star-height problem, Information and Computation, 101(2):219-250, December 1992.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/generalized_star_height_problem (175 words)

	World History :: Encyclopedia Index -- Ge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		General Conference of the Evangelical Baptist Church, Inc.
		General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
		General Sir Banastre Tarleton by Sir Joshua Reynolds.jpeg
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/Ge.htm (189 words)

	Physics Pedagogical Resources
		This is problem 8.91 in Giancoli and is a nice exercise in the application of the concepts of energy and force.
		A well-known problem is the equivalent resistance of a semi-infinite ladder of one-ohm resistors.
		The equipartition theorem is generalized to handle cases where the energy is proportional to the generalized coordinates to any positive power (i.e., not necessarily two).
	www.usna.edu /Users/physics/mungan/Scholarship/scholarship.html (5915 words)

	Back To The Future: Dealing With Resonance The Audio Points Way Review By Max Westler
		Though Star Sound now produces a wide range of products — platforms, wire, harmonic precision electronics, and micro-bearing steel fill — its reputation is founded on the success of this, its first and best-known product.
		His performances of Books One and Two on DG have been the reference standard for this work since its appearance in 1994, but I have always had a problem with the excessively bright, almost glassy reproduction of the piano.
		The same thing happened with the sound; the generalized rumble resolved into the discrete sound of boots clomping on the boards of the bridge.
	www.enjoythemusic.com /magazine/equipment/0105/starsound.htm (1723 words)

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