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Topic: Generative linguistics

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Applied linguistics

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Theoretical linguistics

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	Generative linguistics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Generative linguistics is a school of thought within linguistics that makes use of the concept of a generative grammar.
		The term "generative linguistics" is often applied to the earliest version of Chomsky's transformational grammar, which was associated with a distinction between "Deep Structure" and "Surface Structure" of sentences, a distinction that Chomsky has since abandoned.
		Cognitive linguistics emerged in the latter years of the twentieth century as an alternative linguistic paradigm to generative linguistics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Generative_linguistics (426 words)

	Generative grammar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In linguistics, generative grammar generally refers to a proof-theoretical approach to the study of syntax partially inspired by formal grammar theory and pioneered by Noam Chomsky.
		A generative grammar is a set of rules that recursively "specify" or "generate" the well-formed expressions of a natural language.
		Generative grammar should be distinguished both from traditional grammar—which is often strongly prescriptive, rather than purely descriptive, is not mathematically explicit, and has historically investigated a relatively narrow set of syntactic phenomena—and from other linguistically descriptive approaches to grammar, such as various functional theories.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Generative_grammar (789 words)

	History of linguistics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Contemporary linguistics is the outcome of a continuous European intellectual tradition originating in Ancient Greece.
		In some cultures linguistic analysis has been applied in the service of religion, particularly for the determination of the religiously preferred spoken and written forms of sacred texts in Hebrew, Sanskrit and Arabic.
		The 5th century BC grammar of Pāṇini is a particularly detailed description of Sanskrit morphology evincing a high level of linguistic insight and analysis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_linguistics (728 words)

	Read about Generative linguistics at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Generative linguistics and learn about ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Generative linguistics is a school of thought within linguistics that makes use of the concept of a
		Syntactic Structures - and by the assertion of a strong linguistic nativism (and therefore an assertion that some set of fundamental characteristics of all human languages must be the same).
		The term "generative linguistics" is often applied to the earliest version of Chomsky's transformational grammar, which was associated with a distinction between "Deep Structure" and "
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Generative_linguistics (482 words)

	Precis of: Foundations of Language: Brain, Meaning, Grammar, Evolution
		Generative grammar was correct to focus on the child's acquisition of language as its central problem, leading to the hypothesis of an innate Universal Grammar.
		There still are linguists, especially those edging off toward semiotics and hermeneutics, who reject the mentalist stance and assert that the only sensible way to study language is in terms of the communication between individuals (a random example is Dufva and Lähteenmäki 1996).
		An important reason for the spectacular reception of early generative grammar was that it went beyond merely claiming that language needs rules: it offered rigorous formal techniques for characterizing the rules, based on approaches to the foundations of mathematics and computability developed earlier in the century.
	bbsonline.cup.cam.ac.uk /Preprints/Jackendoff-07252002/Referees (8148 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Much writing in linguistic theory appears to be driven by a certain common wisdom which has it that the simplest theory is either the most aesthetically elegant or has the fewest components, or that it is the theory which eschews extra conceptual resources.
		In general, this support will take the form of evidence showing that certain facts in the domain cannot be explained using only the original apparatus provided by the first theory, but that the facts in question do receive a formulation in terms of the additional theoretical apparatus provided by the second.
		If one has some general external view of simplicity (in the absolute sense),9 and one finds that a linguistic theory obeys constraints of simplicity, this should not be trumpeted as evidence for the theory.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~ludlow/simplicity.txt (4236 words)

	Language as Vision: The Ocularcentrism of Chomskyan Linguistics
		A problem for Chomsky, and for generative linguistics, is that the computational model of vision that Chomsky spends so much time comparing language to has had a relatively brief shelf life in the cognitive sciences. Marr’s work has not fared well in neurophysiological research and in the cognitive sciences over the last 15 years.
		One of the main reasons that a visual metaphoric plays such an important role in generative linguistics is that Chomsky conceptualizes grammar largely in terms of knowledge, and he associates knowledge with vision. There is a long tradition in the West of representing knowledge in ocular terms.
		Generally speaking, philosophical and linguistic appeals to universality depend at some level on the epistemological certainty and universality that has come to surround visual metaphors.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /dept/drwswebb/lore/2_2/werry_vis.html (4402 words)

	On Linguistics and Politics, by Noam Chomsky
		It postulated general principles of the language faculty and a finite array of options (parameters), which appear to be limited to a subpart of the lexicon and peripheral parts of the phonology.
		As the principles of the language faculty have become more refined, the derivation of linguistic expressions, though determined by fixed principles and parametric choices, becomes increasingly intricate; properties of expressions are not directly stated by rules specific to them but derived from an interplay of invariant principles.
		There has been general agreement since late 1967 that a settlement of the Israel-Palestine issue should be based on UN 242, which calls for a full peace settlement among states, saying nothing about Palestinian rights, and calls for Israeli withdrawal from territories occupied in the war.
	www.chomsky.info /interviews/1994----.htm (4397 words)

	Cognitive linguistics -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Cognitive Linguistics is divided into two main areas of study: (additional info and facts about cognitive semantics) cognitive semantics and (additional info and facts about cognitive approaches to grammar) cognitive approaches to grammar.
		The guiding principle behind this area of linguistics is that language use must be explained with reference to the underlying mental processes.
		A further complication arises because the terminology of cognitive linguistics is not entirely stable, both because it is a relatively new field and because it interfaces with a number of other disciplines.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/cognitive_linguistics.htm (391 words)

	Book Review
		By contrast, in generative argumentation, definitions of base structures and derived structures are always subject to controversy because the chief principle for controlling them is linguists’ judgments of semantic relations (such as paraphrase) among sentences derived from them.
		It is therefore almost inevitable in generative grammatical work that artifactual, extrinsic structure intrudes upon and masks the intrinsic structure of the language that the grammatical apparatus seeks to explain.
		Similarly, with the generic the in the family doctor is fast disappearing, it is that (of that which is) and not doctor that is the subject of disappear (loc.
	www.dmi.columbia.edu /zellig/gemp.html (6989 words)

	UMass Amherst - 2005/06 Graduate School Bulletin: Linguistics Courses
		Prerequisites: LINGUIST 610 and 620 or consent of instructor.
		Emphasis on the application of current linguistic theory to analytical problems presented by that language and the testing of current theoretical hypotheses by reference to those problems.
		Prerequisites: LINGUIST 603 and 606, and 614 or consent of instructor.
	www.umass.edu /grad_catalog/linguist/courses.html (649 words)

	Linguistics, Philology, and Phonetics: graduate bibliography
		General conferences and working papers series always include papers in both syntax and phonology, almost always some in semantics, and often contain papers in mathematical linguistics, computational linguistics, pragmatics, and language acquisition.
		Heim, I. and Kratzer, A. Semantics in Generative Grammar.
		Some of the best work in historical linguistics is published either in general linguistics journals or in the journals dedicated to specific languages or language groups.
	www.ling-phil.ox.ac.uk /pages/grad_reading.html (2226 words)

	[No title]
		LINGUISTICS 402/522: HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS WINTER, 1999, COURSE OUTLINE Because there is often confusion, I must stress this is a class on the history of the field, not on 'historical linguistics'.
		Linguistics 451 or its equivalent) is a prerequisite for the course.
		TEXT: F. Newmeyer, The Politics of Linguistics (Required) Various papers, all required for 522; those marked with a () are only recommended for 402 The reading packet should be on the top floor of Suzzallo, filed under 'Linguistics* 402'.
	faculty.washington.edu /fjn/fjnhistling.html (324 words)

	GLiP-1 Proceedings Foreword (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		According to these definitions, the defining feature of generative grammar is explicitness: generative grammars should explicitly predict which expressions belong to a language and which do not.
		Generative grammar is the attempt to develop precise and explicit accounts of mental grammars and to specify what is and is not possible in such grammars.
		The first Generative Linguistics in Poland (GLiP) conference was a syntactic meeting, whose aim was to bring together (i) Polish generative syntacticians, (ii) generative syntacticians working in Poland, as well as (iii) generative syntacticians working on Polish (these three groups are obviously not co-extensive).
	venus.ci.uw.edu.pl /~glip/glip1/foreword_pl.html (972 words)

	LINGUIST List 5.418: Mainstream
		One characteristic of Chomskyan linguistics which is quite unnecessarily offensive to others is the tendency to hijack the term "generative", which is often used (only by Chomskyans) to refer to Chomskyan linguistics.
		In a generative approach, syntax and semantics are distinct levels of representation with distinct organizing principles.
		The hallmark of the `cognitive linguistics' approach, by contrast, is to formulate generalizations about semantics, and then to turn around and see if those generalizations can explain anything about syntax.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/5/5-418.html (1141 words)

	Cognitive science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Sometimes generative grammar analyses break down when applied to languages which have not previously been studied, and many changes in generative grammar have occurred due to an increase in the number of languages analysed.
		Joseph H. Greenberg), is to base hypotheses of linguistic universals on the study of as wide a variety of the world's languages as possible, to classify the variation seen, and to form theories based on the results of this classification.
		linguistic anthropology are where the social sciences that consider societies as whole and linguistics interact.
	dks.thing.net /Cognitive_science.html (5883 words)

	Linguistic Realities : An Autonomist Metatheory for the Generative Enterprise (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics) by ...
		In this provocative and insightful study of the philosophy of linguistics, the author first investigates the realist/instrumentalist debate in the philosophy of science, and shows what relavance it has for the sort of questions linguists might ask themselves about the nature of their discipline.
		The automist methatheory he proposes for generative linguistics holds, in contradistinction to Chomskyan psychologism, that there are such realities, but that they are neither Platonic, nor normative in nature.
		Linguistic Realities is a major contribution to the philosophy and methodology of linguistics.
	www.gettextbooks.com /isbn_0521364019.html (196 words)

	Frederick J. Newmeyer Webpage
		Department of Linguistics at the University of Washington and, during 2002, I was President of the Linguistic Society of America.
		Department of Linguistics at the University of Illinois.
		Since around 1990 I have developed a keen interest in the work of functional linguists and the question of whether their proposals are ultimately compatible with, challenge, or refute mainstream thinking in generative grammar.
	depts.washington.edu /lingweb/people/fjned.html (355 words)

	Generative Linguistics in Poland: homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Studies in Polish Linguistics is the title of a new journal launched by the Institute of the Polish Language of Polish Academy of Sciences in Krakow.
		The primary aim of GLiP meetings is to bring together (i) Polish generative linguists, (ii) generative linguists working in Poland, as well as (iii) generative linguists working on Polish.
		These categories are given a priority simply because it is rather hard to talk about any sort of 'generative circles' in Poland, and we would like to help change this situation.
	venus.ci.uw.edu.pl /~glip (595 words)

	Agreement Mapping System Approach to Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The most fundamental idea behind generative linguistics - as evident from the very beginning (see Chomsky (1957)) - is closely connected with the basic property of natural languages that longer sequences of linguistic elements can behave like shorter sequences, or, in actuality, like a single element.
		Rule 'A à B C' reflects that the linguistic behaviour of a sequence of elements (words) representable as 'B C' is similar to the behaviour of a single element represented as 'A'.
		It is related to the capacity of NLs to express correlations of linguistic elements and to encode information through such correlations.
	www.shakespeare.uk.net /journal/3_1/drienko3_1.html (307 words)

	Amazon.com: An Introduction to Japanese Linguistics (Blackwell Textbooks in Linguistics ; 10): Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This is the first textbook on the structure of Japanese written in the framework of generative linguistics.
		The author introduces linguistic notions and terminology, and discusses theoretical analyses of linguistic phenomena in the language.
		Besides its value to students taking courses in Japanese linguistics, and as a reference on the structure of the language, the book will also be a benefit to instructors of Japanese who wish to enhance their linguistic knowledge of the language.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0631198563?v=glance (903 words)

	linguistics: Transformational-Generative Grammar
		Chomsky postulated a syntactic base of language (called deep structure), which consists of a series of phrase-structure rewrite rules, i.e., a series of (possibly universal) rules that generates the underlying phrase-structure of a sentence, and a series of rules (called transformations) that act upon the phrase-structure to form more complex sentences.
		The end result of a transformational-generative grammar is a surface structure that, after the addition of words and pronunciations, is identical to an actual sentence of a language.
		Another important distinction made in transformational-generative grammar is the difference between language competence (the subconscious control of a linguistic system) and language performance (the speaker's actual use of language).
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/society/A0859302.html (252 words)

	LinguaLinks Subject Index
		"Lexicon of Generative Linguistics" (in Generative Linguistics Lexicon)
		Durand 1990: Generative and non-linear phonology (in Bibliography (Linguistics))
		Kenstowicz 1994: Phonology in generative grammar (in Bibliography (Linguistics))
	www.ethnologue.com /LL_docs/index/Generativephonology(Linguistics).asp (124 words)

	Humbul full record view for -- GLOW
		This is the Web site for GLOW (Generative Linguistics in the Old World), a European organization that aims to promote the study of Generative Grammar and bring together its professional practitioners throughout the world.
		GLOW publishes a scholarly journal, The Linguistic Review, and a link to the journal's publisher page is included.
		Nonetheless, researchers working on generative grammar may find this a useful resource in terms of keeping up-to-date with work in the field.
	www.humbul.ac.uk /output/full2.php?id=8424 (207 words)

	LINGUIST List 8.1215: Generative Linguistics
		In past forty years the generative linguistics has passed several stages of development and currently it can be considered a broad and dynamically growing theory, having multiply links both within the linguistics and with other sciences.
		We see the goal of the conference as helding an overall discussion on generative linguistics.
		Current investigations in generative linguistics in all of it's variants (GB-theory, minimalistic program, etc.).
	www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de /linguist/issues/8/8-1215.html (360 words)

	MavicaNET - Generative Linguistics
		Katalog / Kultura / Nauka / Humanitarne nauki / Linguistics / Trends and Schools / Generative Linguistics
		A research and training institute established as a result of increasing collaboration among theoretical linguists at Leiden University, the University of Amsterdam, and the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
		General, staff and students, monthly newsletter, other publications, events, courses.
	www.mavicanet.com /lite/pol/3404.html (97 words)

	Harvard University Linguistics Publications, On-line papers Generative Syntax
		Final version of a paper to be published in the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Turkic linguistics, Istanbul, 2000.
		This is a paper originally published in Harvard Working Papers in Linguistics Vol 5 This PDF file is password protected.
		A discussion of "linguistic" approaches to agrammatic disorder studies
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~lingpub/online/online_gensyntax.html (179 words)

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