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Topic: Genetically modified food

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Trade war over genetically modified food

GM food

Food

Genetically modified organism

Mandatory labelling

GM technology

Genetic engineering

Organic food

Food science

Golden rice

Transgenic

Food security

Transgenic plants

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	Genetically modified food - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The lectin expressed by the genetically modified potatoes is toxic to insects and nematodes and is allegedly toxic to mammals.
		Research by the Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology has shown that in 2005 Americans' knowledge of genetically modified foods and animals continues to remain low, and their opinions reflect that they are particularly uncomfortable with animal cloning.
		Enforcement of Patents on genetically modified plants is often contentious, especially because of the occurrence of Gene flow.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Genetically_modified_food (7272 words)

	International trade of genetically modified foods - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In Europe, a series of unrelated food crises during the 1990s created consumer apprehension about food safety in general, eroded public trust in government oversight of the food industry, and left some consumers unwilling to consider "science" to be a guarantee of quality.
		Critics of GM foods contend that there is evidence that the cultivation of genetically modified plants may lead to environmental changes.
		Many European consumers are asking for food regulation (demanding labels that identify which food has been genetically modified), while the American agricultural industry is arguing for free trade and is strongly opposed to labeling, saying it gives the food a negative connotation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trade_war_over_genetically_modified_food (2135 words)

	Genetically Modified Food (GMF)
		Food is also being modified to increase its nutritional value through altering the vitamin, mineral, carbohydrate, protein and fat profiles.
		The value of the global market for genetically modified crops is expected to be between 2 and 3 billion US dollars in the year 2000 increasing to 6 billion dollars in the year 2005.
		It is also thought that the genetically modified crop itself may become a weed in its own right due to its resistance to chemicals and potentially wide range of climate tolerance if it was allowed to escape the confines of the paddock.
	www.maf.govt.nz /mafnet/schools/activities/gmfbio.htm (5227 words)

	Genetically Modified Food - GM Food (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As the new Government Coordinator on GM Foods, it is pleasing to know that she is aware of some of the potential benefits of GM, although it is surprising to find that her priorities, which she declares are the same as the readers', include no reference to the Third World.
		The 'British National Survey on Genetically Modified Foods', currently being conducted by the Food Information Trust, is one of the most blatantly biased and unscientific studies we at SIRC have ever encountered.
		Charging Novartis with "genetic imperialism" Greenpeace has seized samples from ships anchored in the Gulf and suggested that the seeds may be blown from rail carriages during their transportation and thus may affect and disrupt the bio-diversity of Mexican agriculture.
	www.sirc.org /gate/gm_food.html (1357 words)

	Genetically modified food
		Seventy-five percent of GM crops are genetically manipulated to be herbicide tolerant (but usually only to brands produced by the same multinational corporations) and to be cultivated with heavy doses of the designated herbicide so that “everything else” is killed but the GM crop.
		Disease-causing viruses and bacteria and their genetic material are the predominant materials and tools for genetic engineering as much as for the intentional creation of bio-weapons”, the report warns.
		To address the wide-ranging dangers of genetic engineering, 130 national governments agreed in January 2000 on a Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety which allows member countries to bar imports of GM seeds, microbes, crops and animals that are deemed to be a threat to their environments.
	www.blackherbals.com /genetically_modified_food.htm (1567 words)

	Genetically modified food
		Genetically modified food: The impending disaster Statement by the South African Conference of Catholic Bishops 2003
		In the case of the Irish potato famine in the 19th century, for example, genetic uniformity in the potato crop meant that all the potatoes were susceptible to a single disease.
		Genetic engineering is a new technology which, according to its promoters, was created to improve food production and increase yields to feed the growing world population.
	www.maryknollogc.org /ecology/sacbc.htm (4291 words)

	genetically modified food \| GREENPEACE UK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Genetically modified food scientists are altering life itself - artificially modifying genes to produce new plants and animals.
		The products of their labours are already present in the food we eat and the fields around us, even though little is known about the long-term effects of genetically modified food on human health and the environment.
		Any food with ingredients from corn, soya, oilseed rape, or cottonseed - including soya and maize derivatives such as lecithin, soy oil, soy proteins, maize syrup and cornstarch - is likely to contain genetically modified organisms.
	www.greenpeace.org.uk /gp_gm_food/genetically_modified_food.cfm (282 words)

	Genetically Engineered Food - Global Issues
		That is, as well as scientific debates on the merits of genetically engineered food, there are equally, if not more important, debates on the socioeconomic ramifications of the way such science is marketed and used.
		GE Food is an expensive technology that the farmers of the developing nations would not be able to afford easily.
		A quick acceptance of GE foods without proper testing etc. could show corporate profitability to be very influential, while a thorough debate and sufficient public participation would ensure that real social and environmental concerns are in fact adhered to.
	www.globalissues.org /EnvIssues/GEFood.asp (609 words)

	Breaking Issue: GM Foods (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Advances in the works include foods containing vaccines and antibodies that fight diseases like cholera and hepatitis, and foods that have been modified to eliminate common allergens.
		Greenpeace calls genetically modified (GM) food "biological pollution." Much opposition to GM foods is based on the concern that "natural" plants could be forever changed - perhaps for the worse - when exposed to pollen from altered crops.
		Opposition to agricultural genetic engineering was a major theme for many American protesters at the WTO meeting in Seattle and IMF/World Bank meetings in Washington, DC.
	reason.com /bi/bi-gmf.html (841 words)

	Genetically Modified Food (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is my intent to help point the way to those who would like to curtail the growing and selling of G.E. foods, and support their efforts in passing legislation for the labeling of G. Foods.
		A short history on G.E. food and its development, patenting of G.E. plants, world hunger issues, and identifying the huge seed corporations and their stake in the global seed market.
		She goes on to define genetic modification and explain the difference between it and conventional breeding.
	www.seattlecentral.org /faculty/lkanne/waol/jan.html (1204 words)

	Genetically Modified Food
		The genetically modified tomatoes, however, are a commercial failure because of unpredicted side effects: they bruise very easily and consumers dislike their metallic taste.
		During genetic engineering, genes are taken from animals, plants, insects, bacteria and viruses and are then artificially inserted into the DNA of food crops, bypassing gradual evolutionary processes and creating pathways for diseases and genetic weaknesses to cross over to completely unrelated species.
		While a small fraction of GM seeds have built-in pesticides, approximately two-thirds of genetically modified seeds are specifically designed to increase the sales of herbicides and pesticides sold by the same companies developing the seeds.
	www.health101.org /experiment.htm (2240 words)

	BMA - Genetically modified food
		Genetic engineering studies the applications of recombinant deoxyribonucleic (rDNA) technology to the genetic alteration of microorganisms, plants and animals.
		Genetically modified food can be defined as food plants that have been genetically altered by the addition of foreign genes to enhance a desired characteristic.
		The term genetically modified (GM) is a development of another concept: biotechnology - a word that has been used for about 30 years and describes the process of modifying the genetic material (DNA) in living cells.
	www.bma.org.uk /ap.nsf/Content/LIBGeneticallyModifiedFood (773 words)

	Trinicenter.com Genetically modified food aid
		US authorities, shaken by a case in which food crops were contaminated with an experimental pig vaccine, are preparing to impose stringent guidelines on a new generation of experimental GM crops.
		Jean Ziegler, a UN special investigator for food, claimed that big corporations had more to gain from the use of GM food in the developing world than the poor countries that were trying to fight starvation.
		LONDON, Sept 17 - Genetically modified crops in North America have been an economic disaster, which has caused some farm groups there to call for a moratorium on GM wheat, the next proposed crop to be altered, a report released on Tuesday said.
	www.trinicenter.com /cgi-bin/selfnews/viewnews.cgi?newsid1030225385,55451,.shtml (2911 words)

	Genetically Modified Food
		Two main concerns about the effects of genetically-modified food plants on the environment are that the new plants will become pernicious weeds or that they will transfer their new genes to wild relatives or similar crops growing nearby with unforeseen effects.
		There is also evidence to suggest that the transfer genetic material from transgenic crops to their wild relatives or unmodified plants occurs, although the frequency of such transfer and its significance is still debated.
		The Food Safety Unit of the World Health Organisation and a working party of the OECD has looked specifically at the safety issues associated with marker genes in plants that are to be consumed as foods.
	www.dmondello.com /dm/gmo/cons.html (1789 words)

	Genetically Modified Food
		Yet, the sale of these foods is being permitted without proper assessment of the risks and without adequately informing the public, even though many scientists say that genetically modified foods could cause serious damage to health and the environment.
		Genetically modified foods available, or about to appear, in U.S. markets include tomatoes, squash, yeast, corn, potatoes, and soybeans (which are used in 60% of all processed foods, such as bread, pasta, candies, ice cream, pies, biscuits, margarine, meat products and vegetarian meat substitutes).
		Because genetic manipulations can generate unanticipated harmful side-effects, and because genetically engineered foods are not tested sufficiently to eliminate those that are dangerous, this experiment, not only jeopardizes the health of individuals, but could also lead to national or even global food shortages and large-scale health threats.
	www.earthportals.com /geneticfood.html (1813 words)

	Biotechnology - Genetically Modified Food
		A strong majority believes that genetically modifying food can produce benefits in the future, and thus a majority favors continued research on the development of such foods, and a strong majority rejects the argument that doing so is immoral.
		A majority says that it would avoid eating genetically modified food, but this resistance is not deep-seated, as a majority also says that it would probably buy such food if it was cheaper, tasted better or was less apt to require the use of pesticides.
		Forty-four percent said it is a "food safety/public health" issue; 32% called it a "science and technology" issue; 14% thought it to be a "moral/ethical" issue; and 8% viewed it as an "environmental" issue.
	www.americans-world.org /digest/global_issues/biotechnology/biotech2.cfm (2024 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Issues: Science and Technology: Biotechnology: Genetics: Genetically Modified Food (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Genetically Manipulated Food News - Information on the spread of genetic modification in the food supply as well as the politics and legal issues.
		Genetically Modified Foods and Organisms - Overview of genetically modified foods, crops, organisms.
		Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology - Headlines on genetically modified food, agricultural biotechnology and transgenic animals, intended for the public, media, and policymakers.
	dmoz.org /Society/Issues/Science_and_Technology/Biotechnology/Genetics/Genetically_Modified_Food (863 words)

	Howstuffworks "What are genetically modified (GM) foods?"
		Man has been "genetically modifying" everything from food to dogs for many centuries; but in the past, the only tool has been selective breeding.
		Genetic engineering techniques now allow scientists to insert specific genes into a plant or animal without having to go through the trial-and-error process of selective breeding.
		Monsanto has genetically modified soybeans and other crop plants to create "Roundup Ready" strains that are not affected by Roundup.
	www.howstuffworks.com /question148.htm (431 words)

	Genetically Modified Food - Main Page
		The report re-evaluates GM food and crops in the light of the findings from the UK farm scale crop trials and the 2003 public consultations.
		The Church of Scotland is not opposed to GM crops or GM food in principle, but the scientific justification to grow GM maize is also flawed.
		The report and motions of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland on genetically modified food, presented on 11 May 1999 by the SRT Project.
	www.srtp.org.uk /gmfood.shtml (861 words)

	'Genetically Modified Food is Safer than Water'
		In genetic modification the final product is the plant, and scientists make sure they know what a gene does before they insert it into a plant that is grown for food.
		Already, genetically enhanced plants have saved the environment from millions of kilograms of pesticides and millions of liters of the petrol burned to power farm tractors.
		Still, everything we know shows that genetically modified plants are safer for the environment, and produce wholesome, nutritious food.
	www.agbioworld.org /biotech-info/articles/agbio-articles/safefood.html (1034 words)

	Pathfinder Genetically Modified Food
		Focus on the possibilities of genetically modifying a certain food, such as potatos or soya.
		Who would benefit from genetically modified food, the consumer or the producer?
		Is there evidence the illnesses and deaths from L-Tryptophan of 1989 was linked to genetic modification.
	ucl.broward.edu /pathfinders/Genetically_Modified_Food.htm (191 words)

	Genetically modified food labelling
		The FLAVR SAVR® tomato was the first GM food to be approved for sale anywhere in the world.
		Definition: A genetically modified product (GM product) means a thing (other than a GMO) derived or produced from a GMO (section 10 of the GT Act).
		Food made from gene technology is either defined as substantially different or is essentially the same (substantially equivalent) in composition, nutrition, taste, smell, texture and functional characteristics, to conventional foods.
	www.biotechnologyonline.gov.au /foodag/gmlabelling.cfm (188 words)

	Genetically Modified Food (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Later, Zimbabwe and other African countries have agreed to accept genetically modified maize only if it is milled before distribution, assuring that it will not be planted (and thus contaminate local stocks).
		Some have argued that in the face of such a crisis, the refusal of African governments to accept GM food in the guise of food aid is tantamount to a death sentence for their people.
		But others reply that the choice between starvation and GM food is a false one: that the problem of famine in Africa is not due to a lack of food, but to a lack of purchasing power.
	www.fguide.org /Bulletin/genmod.htm (412 words)

	Genetically Modified Food (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Genetically Modified Food will soon be in the supermarket here.
		The Australia and New Zealand Food Authority is advertising its call for the comment on applications of 13 genetically modified foods on 3rd Nov, 1999, including pesticide-tolerant sugarbeet, corn and canola.
		Genetically modified food in the crosshairs - OverPopulation.com News, 17/5/99
	www.irysec.vic.edu.au /sci/genefood/genefood.htm (318 words)

	Global Watch
		While there is a possibility that GM Food can actually benefit us, a lot of scientists today suggest that this is not the case at this time.
		Corporations such as Monsanto are aggressively trying to promote it (60% of all processed foods contain genetically modified ingredients, and most people do not know about this...) but there has been a huge backlash from scientists as well as activists.
		While the acceptance of GM Food is important an issue, so is the way it is being handled as it can be an indication as to how many other issues will be handled.
	www.zmag.org /GlobalWatch/GEFood.html (1014 words)

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