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Topic: Geneva Conference (1954)

	Geneva Conference (1954) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Geneva Conference (April 26 - July 21, 1954) was a conference between many countries that agreed to end hostilities and restore peace in French Indochina and Korea.
		During the First Indochina War, the French had sought to re-establish colonial rule in Indochina, but despite American aid, they were defeated in 1954 by forces under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh and the Viet Minh, notably in the Battle of Dien Bien Phu.
		On 21 July, the Conference produced a declaration which supported the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the Indochina which gained independence, the cessation of hostilities and foreign involvement (or troops) in internal affairs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Geneva_Conference_(1954) (549 words)

	Geneva Conference 1954
		The Conference recognizes that the essential purpose of the agreement relating to Viet-Nam is to settle military questions with a view to ending hostilities and that the military demarcation line should not in any way be interpreted as constituting a political or territorial boundary.
		The Conference expresses its conviction that the execution of the provisions set out in the present declaration and in the agreement on the cessation of hostilities creates the necessary basis for the achievement in the near future of a political settlement in Viet-Nam.
		The Conference declares that, so far as Viet-Nam is concerned, the settlement of political problems, effected on the basis of respect for the principles of independence, unity, and territorial integrity, shall permit the Vietnamese people to enjoy the fundamental freedoms, guaranteed by democratic institutions established as a result of free general elections by secret ballot.
	freelao.tripod.com /id83.htm (530 words)

	Berlin Conference of 1954 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Berlin Conference of 1954 was a meeting of the "Big Four" foreign ministers of the United States (John Foster Dulles), Britain (Anthony Eden), France (Georges Bidault), and the Soviet Union (Vyacheslav Molotov), on January 25-February 18, 1954.
		The ministers agreed to call a wider international conference to discuss a settlement to the recent Korean War and the ongoing Indochina War between France and the Viet Minh, but failed to reach agreement on issues of European security and the international status of Germany and Austria, then under four-power occupation following World War II.
		The subsequent Geneva Conference was to produce a temporary peace in Indochina and France's withdrawal from Vietnam, though formal peace in Korea remained elusive.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Berlin_Conference,_1954 (240 words)

	Geneva Conference on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		UN: UN meeting to discuss conference on measures to enforce 4th Geneva convention in occupied Palestine.
		UN: Meeting on Convening of Conference on Measures to Enforce Geneva Convention in Occupied Palestine.
		The Lodge and Conference Center at Geneva State Park Is Under Construction; Ohio's newest state park lodge brings jobs, economic development and a destination resort option for business and leisure travelers to Ashtabula County.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/G/GenevaC1onf.asp (523 words)

	Geneva Conference (1954) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Geneva Conference of April - July 1954 was a conference between many countries agreed to restore peace in Indochina and Korea.
		During the First Indochina War the French had sought to re-establish colonial rule in Indochina but despite American aid they were defeated 1954 by under the leadership of communist guerrilla Ho Chi Minh notably in the Battle of Dien Bien Phu.
		On 21 July the Conference produced a which suported the territorial integrity and sovereignty the Indochina which gained independence the cessation of hostilities and foreign (or troops) in internal affairs.
	www.freeglossary.com /Geneva_Conference_(1954) (319 words)

	RESOLUTIONS OF THE ANC ANNUAL CONFERENCE, DURBAN, DECEMBER 16-19, 1954
		Conference calls upon the National Executive to make use of the Extraordinary Powers granted to it at the National Conference of 1952 so as to preserve our present leadership and ensure that we continue to be led and guided by the political leadership of our own choice whatever eventuality may arise.
		This Conference considers that the modern weapons praised by war-mongers are inhuman and maintains that the energy in atomic and hydrogen bombs should be diverted to the peaceful reconstruction of the world.
		Conference insists that the correct policy to be observed towards Bantu Education is one of fighting an uncompromising consistent battle against the implementation of the Bantu Education Act and therefore resolves upon total rejection of Verwoerd's evil Act as the moral and spiritual enslavement of our children.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/history/resolutions2.html (741 words)

	AllRefer.com - Geneva Conference (International Organizations) - Encyclopedia
		Directives were issued for a meeting of the foreign ministers of the four countries to be held later that year to reach agreement on German reunification, disarmament, and other issues.
		For the Geneva conferences of foreign ministers in 1955 and 1959, see Foreign Ministers, Council of.
		Since then, most international meetings held at Geneva have concerned the basic problems of the limitation of nuclear arms and provisions for international inspection and control.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/G/GenevaConf.html (409 words)

	Geneva Accords - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Geneva Accords, agreements reached in 1954 that were intended to provide a basis for the end of the First Indochina War (1946-1954), a conflict that...
		The use of poison gas on a large scale during World War I produced very large casualties: The total for all belligerents was some 1.3 million.
		An agreement amending the Protocol was signed by 49 countries in May 1996 at an international conference in Geneva.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Geneva_Accords.html (175 words)

	Dumbarton Oaks Conference - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Dumbarton Oaks Conference
		The UN Charter was drawn up at a conference in San Francisco, California, in 1945, based on proposals drafted at a conference at Dumbarton Oaks, in Washington, DC, in 1944.
		In 1964 the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was established, based on a belief that fundamental changes in established trading patterns were needed to improve the economic position of developing countries.
		At the 1997 UN conference held at Kyoto, Japan, it was agreed that emissions should be cut by 5.2% of 1990 levels by 2012.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Dumbarton+Oaks+Conference (5321 words)

	The Viet Nam Wars
		The Conference takes note of the clauses in the Agreement on the cessation of hostilities in Viet-Nam prohibiting the introduction into Vietnam of foreign troops and military personnel as well as all kinds of arms and munitions.
		The Conference recognizes that the essential purpose of the Agreement relating to Viet-nam is to settle military questions with a view to ending hostilities and that the military demarcation line is provisional and should not in any way be interpreted as constituting a political or territorial boundary.
		The members of the Conference agree to consult one another on any question which may be referred to them by the International Supervisory Commlssion, in order to study such measures as may prove necessary to ensure that the Agreements on the cessation of hostilities in Cambodia, Laos and Viet-nam are respected.
	vietnam.vassar.edu /doc2.html (429 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Armistice Agreement called for a conference to seek a peaceful settlement of the Korean issue, and the Geneva Conference opened on April 26, 1954.
		The debate at the Geneva Conference uncovered three key issues that the two sides could not agree on: 1) the authority and competence of the United Nations on the Korean question; 2) the principle of ÀÚÀ¯ ¼±°Å, and 3) the Ã¶¼ö of foreign troops.
		At its Ninth General Assembly on December 11, 1954, it UNITED NATIONS approved a report on the Geneva political conference and reaffirmed that the aim of the À¯¿£ was to create through peaceful means a UNITED NATIONS unified, independent and democratic Korea.
	www.arts.monash.edu.au /korean/korean3/uni/backinfo/text2.htm (772 words)

	Geneva Conference
		The so-called Summit Conference, held in July, 1955, was an attempt to restore mutual trust between East and West.
		Conference beginning Oct., 1958, between Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union, held in an attempt to reach an accord on banning tests of nuclear weapons.
		naval conferences - naval conferences, series of international assemblies, meeting to consider limitation of naval...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0820475.html (353 words)

	Cold War At A Glance
		The Geneva Conference of 1954 marks the end of the First Indochina War.
		The Geneva Conference of 1954 provides for the withdrawal of foreign troops from Laos, and the establishment of Pathet Lao in two northern provinces.
		An international conference in Geneva negotiates a cease-fire between the French and the Viet Minh.
	www.geocities.com /cold_war_at_a_glance/1954.htm (242 words)

	Cambodian History Part II
		The Geneva Conference was attended by representatives of Cambodia, North Vietnam, the Associated State of Vietnam (the predecessor of the Republic of Vietnam, or South Vietnam), Laos, the People's Republic of China, the Soviet Union, France, Britain, and the United States.
		The Geneva agreement also stipulated that general elections should be held in Cambodia during 1955 and that the International Control Commission should monitor them to ensure fairness.
		Soon after the 1954 Geneva Conference, Sihanouk expressed some interest in integrating Cambodia into the framework of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), which included Cambodia, Laos, and South Vietnam within the "treaty area," although none of these states was a signatory.
	www.ess.uwe.ac.uk /genocide/cambhist2.htm (5421 words)

	Cambodia The Geneva Conference - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, ...
		In part, the communists were attempting to strengthen their bargaining position at the Geneva Conference that had been scheduled to begin in late April.
		On July 21, 1954, the conference reached an agreement calling for a cessation of hostilities in Indochina.
		On the eve of the conference's conclusion, however, the Cambodian representative, Sam Sary, insisted that, if Cambodia were to be genuinely independent, it must not be prohibited from seeking whatever military assistance it desired (Cambodia had earlier appealed to Washington for military aid).
	workmall.com /wfb2001/cambodia/cambodia_history_the_geneva_conference.html (490 words)

	50 years on: the Geneva Agreements that strengthened VN’s sovereignty
		On May 8, 1954, one day after the fall of Dien Bien Phu, the conference on Indochina began with the participation of the Soviet Union, China, France, Great Britain, the United States, the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam, the Kingdom of Laos, the Kingdom of Cambodia and the French-backed Bao Dai administration.
		The official documents of the Conference were the Final Statement of the Geneva Conference on the restoration of peace in Indochina and three agreements on the cessation of hostilities in Viet Nam, Laos and Cambodia.
		Accordingly, the Geneva Conference's legal value lies in the fact that it ensures the full realisation of a sacred goal of the Vietnamese people, a goal later recalled in the 1973 Paris Agreement.
	vietnamnews.vnagency.com.vn /2004-07/17/Stories/24.htm (1457 words)

	The Pentagon Papers, Volume 1, Chapter 3, "The Geneva Conference, May-July 1954"
		Not until late in the Conference did the Vietnamese government become aware of the strong possibility that partition would become part of the settlement; on this and other developments, as we shall see, the Vietnamese were kept in the dark, a circumstance that was to solidify Vietnamese hostility to and dissociation from the final terms.
		As the conference moved ahead, three major areas of contention emerged: the separation of belligerent forces, the establishment of a framework for political settlements in the three Indochinese states, and provision for effective control and supervision of the cease-fire.
		Moreover, when the five-power military staff conference met in Washington in early June, it reported (on the 9th) that a line midway between the 17th and 18th parallels (from Thakhek in Laos westward to Dong Hoi on the north Vietnam seacoast) would be defensible in the event partition came about.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/pentagon/pent7.htm (17045 words)

	Choosing War
		The conferees at Geneva had divided Vietnam at the seventeenth parallel, with the communist Vietminh assuming power in the North and noncommunist forces retaining control in the South, and with the understanding that there would be elections for reunification in 1956.
		Its leaders knew from 1954 that victories gained on the battlefield could be taken away at the conference table, and they were reluctant to put forth proposals that might bind them to a specific course of action or to dealing with a specific group.
		They therefore may have preferred clandestine bilateral talks with Saigon to reactivating the Geneva conference machinery, as the latter could be cumbersome and less responsive to their desires.
	partners.nytimes.com /books/first/l/logevall-war.html (7153 words)

	Vietnam - General Info
		The French military disaster at Dien Bien Phu in May 1954 and the conference at Geneva, where France signed the Agreement on the Cessation of Hostilities in Vietnam on July 20,1954, marked the end of the eight -year war and French colonial rule in Indochina.
		1954 Cease-fire Agreement and Partition : The 1954 cease-fire agreement negotiated in Geneva provided for provisional division of the country at approximately the 17th parallel, a 300-day period for free movement of population between the two "zones", and the establishment of an international Control Commission-representatives of Canada, India, and Poland -to supervise its execution.
		Following the partition of Vietnam under the terms of the Geneva agreements, there was considerable confusion in the south.
	www.marimari.com /content/vietnam/general_info/history.html (1314 words)

	A:\Geneva.Conference.1954
		The Conference takes note of the agreements ending hostilities in Cambodia, Laos and Vlet-Nam and organizing international control and the supervision of the execution of the provisions of these agreements.
		The Conference declares that, so far as Viet-Nam is concerned, the settlement of political problems, effected on the basis of respect for the principles of independence, unity and territorial integrity, shall permit the Viet-Namese people to enjoy the fundamental freedoms, guaranteed by democratic institutions established as a result of free general elections by secret ballot.
		The Conference takes note of the declaration of the Government of the French Republic to the effect that it is ready to withdraw its troops from the territory of Cambodia, Laos and Viet-Nam, at the request of the governments concerned
	web.mala.bc.ca /davies/H323Vietnam/Geneva_Conference.1954.htm (450 words)

	The Avalon Project : Indochina - Midway in the Geneva Conference: Address by the Secretary of State, May 7,1954
		When the Geneva Conference was organized, the Communists put up their program for uniting Korea.
		On March 29, 1954, after consultations with Congressional leaders of both parties, and after having advised our principal allies, I stated: "The imposition on Southeast Asia of the political system of Communist Russia and its Chinese Communist any, by whatever means, would be a grave threat to the whole free community.
		(23) At his press conference on Mar. 10, 1954, President Eisenhower said: "There is going to be no involvement of America in war unless it is a result of the Constitutional process that is placed upon Congress to declare it" (New York Times, Mar. 11, 1954).
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/intdip/indoch/inch022.htm (3437 words)

	The History
		On May 8 th, 1954 the Vietnamese, led by the Communist would conquer Dien Bien Phu by outnumbering the French by nearly five-to-one and due to a decision by the USA to not intervene.
		After the Geneva Conference, the Emperor Bao Doi appointed Prime Minister Ngo Dinh Diem as his Prime Minister, and empowered him to improve the conditions of the working class and to stop corruption among the politicians.
		The by the Geneva Conference ordered elections were prevented by the USA for the reason that the Communist were bound to win.
	www.janmontyn.com /history3.html (2259 words)

	Presidential Papers, Doc#832 Secret To Syngman Rhee, 16 April 1954. In The Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower
		As we had sought all along, Soviet Russia will be at Geneva on the one side flanked by her Chinese Communist and Korean Communist allies.
		In addition, I believe that Korea's presence at Geneva would be immeasurably helpful in maintaining the unity of the free world at a time when we are attempting to forge a common front to cope with Communist activities.
		Once having met at Geneva, should the Communist side stall or act in bad faith, we shall be prepared, pursuant to the understanding reached between you and Secretary Dulles, to consult about what further steps we can properly take to deal with the then existing situation.
	www.eisenhowermemorial.org /presidential-papers/first-term/documents/832.cfm (1011 words)

	VN Wars: First Indochina War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		On July 20 and 21, 1954, this conference produced a number of agreements that were supposed to settle the war.
		The United States and the State of Vietnam had made it clear at the Geneva Conference that they did not like the results of the conference, which recognized Communist control of North Vietnam immediately, and created a likelihood that the Communists would take the South in two years.
		This is an error based on careless misreading of the US declaration at the final session of the Geneva Conference, July 21, 1954.) However, the State of Vietnam was virtually powerless, and the influence of the United States was quite limited.
	www.clemson.edu /caah/history/FacultyPages/EdMoise/viet4.html (551 words)

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