
	Where results make sense

Topic: Genital mutilation

Related Topics

Genital modification and mutilation

Genital tattooing

Posthectomy

Female circumcision

Circumcision

Body modification

Orchidectomy

Frenectomy

Genital bisection

Genital piercing

Meatotomy

Infibulation

Clitoral hood

Genitals

Foreskin restoration

In the News (Wed 2 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	The Geography of Genital Mutilations
		Genital mutilations are often classified as a "cultural practice," but there is growing evidence that this benign-sounding label merely serves to dismiss or evade the painful and contractive effects the mutilations have upon the psyche and soma of the child.
		Genital mutilations elicit severe pain and terror in infants and children and are often very dangerous to health, which raises important questions how they could have gotten started in the first instance.
		Genital mutilations always exist within a complex of other social institutions that provide for the socially sanctioned expression of adult sadism and destructive aggression towards the infant and child with unconscious motivations aimed at destroying or damaging the capacity for pleasurable emotional/sexual bonding between mothers and babies, and between young males and females.
	www.noharmm.org /geography.htm (3003 words)

	Genital modification and mutilation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Genital modification and genital mutilation both can refer to permanent or temporary changes to the human genitals.
		When genital alterations are used for punishment, typically for rape, adultery or other socially forbidden sexual practices, such mutilations have included castration (actual or chemical) or penectomy.
		Issues surrounding female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation or FGM, became prominent in the English-speaking world in the latter quarter of the 20th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Genital_mutilation (395 words)

	Violence against women: Female genital mutilation
		Parliamentary Panels organized by IPU in Burkina Faso in September 2001 and and Marrakech in March 2002, and recommendations for action by national parliaments to eradicate female genital mutilation
		Country-specific data on the current state of national legislation dealing directly or indirectly with the issue of female genital mutilation
		List of recently adopted international treaties and other instruments concerning female genital mutilation, as well as of relevant documents adopted by selected international and regional organizations
	www.ipu.org /wmn-e/fgm.htm (120 words)

	Female Genital Mutilation - A Human Rights Information Pack
		Female genital mutilation (FGM) is the term used to refer to the removal of part, or all, of the female genitalia.
		An estimated 15% of all mutilations in Africa are infibulations.
		The type of mutilation practised, the age at which it is carried out, and the way in which it is done varies according to a variety of factors, including the woman or girl's ethnic group, what country they are living in, whether in a rural or urban area and their socio-economic provenance.
	www.amnesty.org /ailib/intcam/femgen/fgm1.htm (3243 words)

	AFROL Background - Fighting Female Genital Mutilation in Africa
		Female genital mutilation, the name given to a number of traditional practices that involves the partial or total excision of female genitals, are practiced in 28 African countries, as well as other regions of the world.
		That female genital mutilation is reflective of the low status of women in society is the fundamental premise of the book, according to Ms.
		Also in France, a woman who had undergone female genital mutilation was able to prevent her younger sister from undergoing the same procedure by revealing the situation to the French court system.
	www.afrol.com /Categories/Women/backgr_fighting_fgm.htm (2863 words)

	Female genital mutilation in Britain
		Female genital mutilation is practised in various forms in over 20 African countries and also in Oman, the Yemen, and the United Arab Emirates and by some Muslims in Malaysia and Indonesia' (ref 1) it is not practised in Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Libya, or Saudi Arabia.
		In Britain female genital mutilation is regarded as a form of child abuse, though this term should not be used when discussing the procedure with families as it would be greatly resented.
		Female genital mutilation differs from other forms of child abuse in that it is done with the best intentions for the future welfare of the child, there is no possibility of its repetition during childhood, and it is approved by sections of the communities in which it is practised.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /archive/6994ed1.htm (2222 words)

	BFD - Governmental Action Plan against Female Genital Mutilation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The episodes of genital mutilation performed on young girls and the attitudes to this tradition that were reported in Norwegian media are shocking.
		Genital mutilation violates the fundamental human rights of non-discrimination, the right to privacy and the right to health.
		To combat the problem, it is necessary to increase awareness by informing the public, health personnel and practitioners of female genital mutilation of all the health hazards and psychological damage caused.
	odin.dep.no /.../publ/handbooks/004021-120008/index-dok000-b-n-a.html (408 words)

	Female Genital Mutilation
		Female genital mutilation (FGM), often referred to as 'female circumcision', comprises all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs whether for cultural, religious or other non-therapeutic reasons.
		The most common type of female genital mutilation is excision of the clitoris and the labia minora, accounting for up to 80% of all cases; the most extreme form is infibulation, which constitutes about 15% of all procedures.
		In cultures where it is an accepted norm, female genital mutilation is practiced by followers of all religious beliefs as well as animists and non believers.
	www.childbirthsolutions.com /articles/issues/fgm/index.php (881 words)

	The Abolition of Female Genital Mutilation
		Genital mutilation, also referred to as female circumcision, genital cutting, or excision, is a coming-of-age ritual that signifies a girl's entry into womanhood.
		Genital mutilation is practiced in 28 countries in central Africa, ranging from Somalia in the east coast and stretching westward to Senegal on the Atlantic.
		Genital cutting is seen as a way of ensuring that a woman is clean, chaste, and ready for marriage; uncut women are associated with promiscuity and lack of social respectability.
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0001524.html (1117 words)

	Female Genital Mutilation
		It presents several different issues including the types of genital mutilation employed, the justifications advanced by supporters of the practice, the societal treatment of females across the world, and finally some of the legal implications associated with its practice.
		In the United States, for a woman to be granted asylum for female genital mutilation, she must prove that she is a refugee.
		The justifications for female genital mutilation are set out, with an observation by the author that most of these justifications have to do with keeping women in a submissive state.
	academic.udayton.edu /health/01status/97tucker.htm (4554 words)

	Female Genital Mutilation
		While cases of female genital mutilation spark public outcries, it is interesting to note that male circumcision does not, despite involving hurting innocent minors, having negative repercussions on the child and, in most cases, providing no medical benefits.
		Mutilation is defined as being “Disfigurement or injury by removal or destruction of any conspicuous or essential part of the body” (Stedman’s Medical Dictionary, 26th Edition, 1995).
		Genital mutilation is usually performed as either a religious ritual or to gain acceptance within the society.
	www.geocities.com /SoHo/Easel/9509/genital.html (1187 words)

	TYPES OF FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Another similar complication with a more tragic result occurs when the increased size of the abdomen together with the absence of menstruation lead the family to think that the unmarried girl is pregnant, and she is therefore killed for the prestige of the family.
		While the elders say that female genital cutting must continue because it has been the custom since antiquity, some in the younger generation question a rite that forces girls to risk their lives and blights the marriage bed, lessening or even deadening sexual pleasure for the woman.
		Even though the agony of having her genitals sliced off with a razor blade was far worse than the pain of childbirth, she said, she still approves the practice.
	sociweb.tamu.edu /Faculty/POSTON/Postonweb/soci207_fall02/Lecture11.htm (9614 words)

	Female Genital Mutilation
		Lightfoot-Klein, H. The sexual adjustment of genitally circumcised and infibulated females in the Sudan.
		Stronger campaign needed to end female genital mutilation.
		Female Genital Mutilation: A Report to the Attorney-General, prepared by the Family Law Council June 1994 (Australia).
	www.cirp.org /pages/female (499 words)

	Female Genital Mutilation
		Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a cultural practice that started in Africa approximately 2000 years ago.
		Female Genital Mutilation is the term used for removal of all or just part of the external parts of the female genitalia.
		Once the genital area for removal is gone, the child is stitched up and her legs are bound for up to 40 days.
	www.members.tripod.com /~Wolvesdreams/FGM.html (1571 words)

	Female Genital Mutilation defended
		The term "female genital mutilation" is mischievous and hypocritical.
		The classification system of Types I, II, III, and IV being used for "female genital mutilation" is the same as was used in the US congress when Pat Schroeder was sponsoring that country's bill.
		We "mutilate" the umbilical cord by cutting it off at birth and arbitrarily deciding how long the navel should be.
	www.circumstitions.com /FGM-defended.html (1829 words)

	WHO \| Female genital mutilation
		Female genital mutilation (FGM), often referred to as 'female circumcision', comprises all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs whether for cultural, religious or other non-therapeutic reasons.
		The most common type of female genital mutilation is excision of the clitoris and the labia minora, accounting for up to 80% of all cases; the most extreme form is infibulation, which constitutes about 15% of all procedures.
		The age at which female genital mutilation is performed varies from area to area.
	www.who.int /mediacentre/factsheets/fs241/en (893 words)

	Template
		Female genital mutilation - the descriptive term for the different types of operations are "excision" and "infibulation" - continues to be practiced in large regions of Africa, from the Red Sea Coast to the shores of the Atlantic.
		The elimination of female sexual pleasure is the reason most frequently given for the genital mutilations, which is to keep "moral behavior of women in society" and "to assure the faithfulness of women to their husbands" - who usually have several wives.
		The genital mutilations are now performed on much younger children especially in the towns, as it is feared by men that the girls will resist once they go to school.
	www.nocirc.org /symposia/first/hosken.html (4573 words)

	UNICEF - Child protection from violence, exploitation and abuse - Female genital mutalitation
		Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C), or female genital cutting, refers to a number of practices which involve cutting away part or all of a girl’s external genitalia.
		Given current birth rates this means that some 3 million girls are at risk of some form of female genital mutilation every year.
		Female genital mutilation (or female genital cutting) comprises all surgical procedures involving partial or total removal of the external genitalia or other injuries to the female genital organs for cultural or non-therapeutic reasons.
	www.unicef.org /protection/index_genitalmutilation.html (429 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| Genital mutilation 'still common' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Female genital mutilation is still commonplace in Sudan, despite it being illegal, a new study has found.
		The practice of female genital mutilation carries a maximum five-year jail sentence or fine in Sudan.
		The rate of female genital mutilation remains so high despite its illegality because of confusing religious messages and ambiguous law, say the study's authors.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/africa/2977426.stm (283 words)

	Third World Women's Health: Female Genital Mutilation
		Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is the set of procedures used to remove or cause injury to part or all of the external female genitals.
		Women and girls of all ages are at risk for being genitally mutilated.
		The actual method of the female genital mutilation procedure varies between countries, ethnic groups, urban and rural areas, and people of different socio-economic status.
	www.arches.uga.edu /~haneydaw/twwh/fgm.html (2106 words)

	Femal Genital Mutilation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Degrees of mutilation exist ranging from excision of the hood of the clitoris or clitoris itself to complete infibulation which involves removal of the clitoris, labia minora and labia majora, leaving a small opening for the passage of urine and menstrual blood.
		The scholars later specified in general terms that only a small piece of skin (the clitoris or its hood, presumably, or perhaps part of the labia minora) the size of a "cock's comb" (the small appendage that sits atop the head of a rooster) was to be removed.
		Yet, it is practically impossible when examining the genitals of a young girl (and especially an infant), to distinguish between the hood and the clitoris itself.
	www.mwlusa.org /publications/positionpapers/fgm.html (1961 words)

	Template (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The world community is increasingly educated on crimes against humanity, in particular, about individuals practicing genital mutilation, commonly termed circumcision" Genital mutilation affects more than 2 million girl-child victims and more than 13.5 million boy-child victims annually throughout the world.
		The global proliferation of genital mutilation by circumcisers torturing child-victims incorporates atypical human rights violations: body-dysmorphic disorders, genital destruction, psycho-social impairment, and spiritual death.
		Human rights principles and corrective actions incriminate genital mutilators and their accomplices whose evils deny millions of children their reproductive rights to genital integrity and restitution, and sexual liberation.
	www.nocirc.org /symposia/fourth/zavales4.html (276 words)

	FGC Education and Networking Project
		Long-term complications include sexual frigidity, genital malformation, delayed menarche, chronic pelvic complications, recurrent urinary retention and infection, and an entire range of obstetric complications whereas the fetus is exposed to a range of infectious diseases as well as facing the risk of having his or her head crushed in the damaged birth canal.
		Female Genital Cutting can only be abolished by a grassroots approach which would take into consideration all aspects of a particular culture and try to work within that system of beliefs to eradicate this practice.
		This bill was then combined with H.R. 941 on February 14, 1995 which was to be cited as the "Federal Prohibtion of Female Genital Mutilation of 1995.
	www.fgmnetwork.org /intro/fgmintro.html (2178 words)

	Where did "genital mutilation" for females come from? Is it allowed in Islam and Christianity?
		Genital mutilation for women is a harmful tradition, and unfortunately, it made it's way in the Talmud to later become a GOD inspired command that must be followed.
		Genital circumcision was done by the Jews to be a way of "purifying" individuals and society by reducing sexuality and sexual pleasure as clearly shown in the
		Genital mutilation was practiced by Jews and Christians to reduce the sexual abilities of the person to keep him/her purified.
	www.answering-christianity.com /genital_mutilation.htm (5218 words)

	Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) \| FORWARD
		Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female circumcision or female genital cutting, is defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as the range of procedures which involve 'the partial or complete removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs whether for cultural or any other non-therapeutic reason'.
		As well as the term Female Genital Mutilation, there are a number of other terms or names used to describe the practice, perhaps most common, female circumcision or female genital cutting (FGC).
		FORWARD chooses to use the term Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) as we believe that it is the term that most accurately depicts the true nature of FGM.
	www.forwarduk.org.uk /key-issues/fgm (825 words)

	Open Directory - Health: Women's Health: Genital Mutilation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Female Genital Mutilation - An introduction including what it is, countries that practise it, and a discussion on the religious influence, plus links.
		NPR : Nigerian Woman Challenges Mutilation Ritual - NPR's Libby Lewis reports on a Nigerian woman who is trying to have the practice of female genital mutilation accepted as a violation of the anti-torture convention, which the United States has signed.
		NPR : Asylum and Genital Mutilation - A Nigerian woman is fighting deportation, saying she needs to stay because of her 10-year-old daughter, who is an American citizen.
	dmoz.org /Health/Women's_Health/Genital_Mutilation (750 words)

	Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Female genital mutilation
		Female genital mutilation is the cutting, or partial or total removal, of the external female genitalia for cultural, religious, or other non-medical reasons.
		Female genital mutilation cuts or removes the tissues around the vagina that give women pleasurable sexual feelings.
		The most extreme form of genital mutilation is excision and infibulation, in which the clitoris and all of the surround tissue are cut away and the remaining skin is sewn together.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2601/is_0005/ai_2601000535 (991 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)