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Topic: Genu of corpus callosum

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	Corpus Callosum: Does size really matter?
		In the 18th century, the corpus callosum was considered the site of the soul (Maurice Ptito), and in the early 20th it was assigned the mere role of preventing the cerebral hemispheres from collapsing onto each other.
		The corpus callosum is undoubtedly the most important commissure to connect the two hemispheres, not only by virtue of its size, but also due to the wealth of its neural connections.
		The adjacent somatosensory cortex projects fibers through the anterior half of the corpus callosum whereas axons arising from auditory regions pass through the posterior two-thirds of the corpus callosum and the dorsal splenium.
	menstuff.org /issues/byissue/corpuscallosum.html (802 words)

	TheFetus.net - Agenesis of the corpus callosum -Gianluigi Pilu, MD
		A lipoma in the anterior midline is associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum in 50% of cases.
		Isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum may be either a completely asymptomatic event or revealed during the course of a neurologic examination by subtle deficits, such as inability to match stimuli using both hands or to discriminate differences in temperature, shape, and weight in objects placed in both hands.
		Frequency of agenesis of the corpus callosum in the developmentally disabled population as determined by computerized tomography.
	www.thefetus.net /page.php?id=73 (2758 words)

	IX. Neurology. 4e. Composition and Central Connections of the Spinal Nerves. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human ...
		This center is connected with the one in the opposite side by commissural fibers which course in the optic radiation and the splenium of the corpus callosum.
		The fibers are said to pass direct to the tuber cinereum, to the corpus mammillare, to the brainstem and the spinal cord.
		As the fornix passes beneath the corpus callosum it receives fibers from the longitudinal striæ of the indusium and from the cingulum; these are the perforating fibers of the fornix which pass through the corpus callosum and course in the fornix toward the mammillary body.
	bartleby.com /107/191.html (8263 words)

	ACR Learning File Web (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The splenium is the bulbous posterior aspect, and the rostrum is the small, thin slip of fibers that extends posteriorly from the genu to the lamina terminales (the anterior wall of the third ventricle).
		The corpus callosum forms during the last half of the first trimester and first half of the second trimester of pregnancy.
		However, a significant number of patients with agenesis of the corpus callosum are developmentally normal; presumably, these patients have normal brain organization and have developed alternative routes of interhemispheric connections.
	www.learningfile.com /learning_file/viewcase.php?section=nu&case_num=701 (599 words)

	The corpus callosum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The rostrum and genu of the corpus callosum connect the frontal lobes.
		The body of the corpus callosum connects the parietal lobes and the frontal portions of the temporal lobes.
		The splenium and posterior part of the corpus callosum connect regions of the auditory cortex and occipital cortex.
	www.med.uiuc.edu /m1/neurosci/Web_Neuro_2001/protected/lectures%20in%20ppt/18-Cerebral_Cortex_2001/tsld026.htm (88 words)

	Physiological Consequences of Complete or Partial Commissural Section
		In this chapter, J present first the syndromes (acute and chronic) consequent to a complete cerebral commissurotomy (including the corpus callosum and the underlying dorsal hippocampal commissure, the ventral hippocampal commissure between the fornices, the massa intermedia, and the anterior commissure).
		When the corpus callosum is sectioned in its entirety at one time, the acute disconnection syndrome appears in almost all respects as it is seen after a complete cerebral commissurotomy including the anterior commissure and massa intermedia.
		Over the past decade, corpus callosum section has become a widely accepted, relatively safe, clearly needed, broadly practiced, and continually evolving addition to the medical treatment of certain patients who are not candidates for resective procedures.
	www.its.caltech.edu /%7Ejbogen/text/apuzzo5.htm (11448 words)

	Neuropsychological Assessment and MRI of the Corpus Callosum in Dementia
		Neuropsychological Assessment and MRI of the Corpus Callosum in Dementia
		The corpus callosum is the largest white matter tract in the brain and is responsible for integrating information between the cerebral hemispheres.
		Thus, the purpose of this retrospective investigation was to explore the relationship between the morphologic and functional degradation of the corpus callosum in cognitively demented patients.
	www.pages.drexel.edu /~kld22/indexnancc.html (1050 words)

	eMedicine - Corpus Callosum, Agenesis : Article by Manohar Aribandi, MD
		Pathophysiology: Dysgenesis of corpus callosum is usually a sporadic occurrence, although the incidence is increased in patients with trisomy 18, trisomy 13, and trisomy 8.
		When the corpus callosum is absent, the cingulate gyrus is inverted, the normal cingulate sulcus is absent, and the medial cerebral sulci radiate toward the midline in a radial configuration.
		Lipoma of the corpus callosum is demonstrated as a highly echogenic mass in the region of the corpus callosum.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic193.htm (3270 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 828 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		If the hemispheres be sliced off to a level with the upper surface of the corpus callosum, the white substance of that structure will be seen connecting the two hemispheres.
		The anterior end is named the genu, and is bent downward and backward in front of the septum pellucidum; diminishing rapidly in thickness, it is prolonged backward under the name of the rostrum, which is connected below with the lamina terminalis.
		The anterior cerebral arteries are in contact with the under surface of the rostrum; they then arch over the front of the genu, and are carried backward above the body of the corpus callosum.
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page828.html (313 words)

	The normal and abnormal genu of the corpus callosum: an evolutionary, embryologic, anatomic, and MR analysis -- Kier ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The normal and abnormal genu of the corpus callosum: an evolutionary, embryologic, anatomic, and MR analysis -- Kier and Truwit 17 (9): 1631 -- American Journal of Neuroradiology
		The normal and abnormal genu of the corpus callosum: an evolutionary, embryologic, anatomic, and MR analysis
		Anomalies of the corpus callosum: an MR analysis of the phenotypic spectrum of associated malformations.
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/abstract/17/9/1631 (423 words)

	0551
		Methods: The different thickness and diameter of corpus callosum were measured on the midline saggittal section of T1 weighted imaging on the intensity of 0.5Tesla.
		The patients with DD, DW, and BI showed remarkable atrophy of corpus callosum described by the thickness of genu, midbody and splenium, and the ratios of their thickness to length of corpus callosum.
		The thickness of genu and its ratio to the length of corpus callosum were sensitive indicators for the differences above.
	www.unepsa.org /china/ab/0551.HTM (291 words)

	Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The corpus callosum is the main transverse tract of fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.
		The primary function of the corpus callosum is to integrate motor, sensory, and cognitive performances between then two hemispheres of the brain.
		The anterior portion of the corpus callosum is the genu, which curves ventrally and forms the rostrum.
	www.dpo.uab.edu /~birmie/acc.htm (508 words)

	Lesions of the Corpus Callosum: MR Imaging and Differential Considerations in Adults and Children -- Bourekas et al. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		On MR imaging, the prevalence of lesions in the corpus callosum
		corpus callosum are affected, with sparing of the dorsal and
		Marchiafava-Bignami disease: Diffusion-weighted MRI in corpus callosum and cortical lesions
	www.ajronline.org /cgi/content/full/179/1/251 (2274 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Impact of in utero exposure to EtOH on corpus callosum development and paw preference in ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Agenesis of the corpus callosum occurs as a consequence of early embryonic insult.
		Using a surgical knife the corpus callosum was outlined and lifted away from the rest of the brain.
		As previously confirmed [32], the rat's corpus callosum (CC) is a sexually dimorphic structure with the larger CC observed in male rats.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1472-6882/2/10 (3702 words)

	UCSF - Neuroradiology Interesting Case: April, 2002
		Formation of the corpus callosum begins with formation of the massa commissuralis between the lamina reuniens in the dorsal aspect of the lamina terminalis at 10 to 12 weeks fetal gestation.
		It is generally accepted that the corpus callosum forms in an overall anterior to posterior manner, although in fact the posterior aspect of the genu forms first, followed by the body, the anterior genu, the splenium, and finally the rostrum.
		C and D) is a syndrome defined by the diagnostic tetrad of infantile spasms, chorioretinal lacunae, mental retardation, and agenesis of the corpus callosum.
	www.neurorad.ucsf.edu /previouscases/04012002.html (814 words)

	Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum--Angels Around The World
		It's the fancy term meaning that the corpus callosum (the middle section of the brain which connects the right and left hemispheres together and allows for communication between the right and left side of the brain) is missing.
		The National Organization of Disorders of the Corpus Callosum is a non-profit corporation established in 2002 by professionals, parents, and individuals with agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) and other callosal conditions, their families, and professionals.
		The formation of the corpus callosum occurs approximately between the 8th and 20th embryonic weeks in an anterior to posterior direction with the genu forming first, followed by the body, the splenium and finally the rostrum.
	members.tripod.com /~scenicbeauty/AngelsAroundTheWorld.html (1725 words)

	Corpus Callosum
		In the 18th century, the corpus callosum was considered the site of the soul (Maurice Ptito), and in the early 20th it was assigned the mere role of preventing the cerebral hemispheres from collapsing onto each other.
		The corpus callosum is undoubtedly the most important commissure to connect the two hemispheres, not only by virtue of its size, but also due to the wealth of its neural connections.
		The adjacent somatosensory cortex projects fibers through the anterior half of the corpus callosum whereas axons arising from auditory regions pass through the posterior two-thirds of the corpus callosum and the dorsal splenium.
	www.psyweb.com /Brain/cc.jsp (422 words)

	Krabbe Disease Treated with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Serial Assessment of Anisotropy ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		lobe WM, the genu of the corpus callosum, the splenium of the corpus
		Mean FA ratios measured 131% of those in age-matched brains on normal MR images in the genu of corpus callosum, 116% of those in the splenium of corpus callosum, and 106% of those in the internal capsule.
		Mean FA ratios in the genu of corpus callosum measured 102% of those in age-matched brains on normal MR images, 88% of those in the splenium of corpus callosum, and 88% of those in the internal capsule.
	radiology.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/236/1/221 (12564 words)

	Semiquantitative analysis of corpus callosum injury using magnetic resonance imaging indicates clinical severity in ...
		Corpus callosum injury is known to be a common component of
		Two regions of interest (ROI)—CC, corpus callosum; P, ventral pons—were generated in each slice as shown in the figure, and the mean signal intensities of each ROI was measured with MRI console software.
		The signal intensity ratio (SIR) between corpus callosum and ventral pons (CC/P) in respective slices was averaged.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/73/3/289 (3186 words)

	Projects IINFORM (1998) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The human corpus callosum is the biggest commissure connecting both cerebral hemispheres of the human brain.
		However, little is known about the involvement of the corpus callosum in normal and pathological aging and its exact role in transferring and integrating the information of higher cortical functions.
		A systematic quantification strategy with a standardized set of morphometric parameters was applied to median-sagittal MR scans which showed that the anterior parts of the corpus callosum (genu and anterior parts of the trunk) were significantly decreased during normal aging, suggesting alterations of the frontal and temporal interhemispheric fiber systems.
	www.viskom.oeaw.ac.at /~weng/morpho.htm (221 words)

	uhrad.com - Neuroradiology Imaging Teaching Files (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Discussion: Agenesis of the corpus callosum is a defect of the white matter tracts that usually develop to connect the two hemispheres of the brain.
		The normal callosum is comprised of the (from rostral to caudal) rostrum, genu, body, and the splenium.
		The Aicardi syndrome seen in females is characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, chorioretinopathy, mental retardation, and infantile spasms.
	www.uhrad.com /mriarc/mri080.htm (286 words)

	Neuropathological abnormalities of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor imaging study -- Foong et ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Neuropathological abnormalities of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor imaging study -- Foong et al.
		Regions of interest in the corpus callosum (genu and splendium); (A) echoplanar imaging; (B) mean diffusivity; (C) fractional anisotropy.
		We have used DTI to demonstrate that neuropathological abnormalities in the corpus callosum are present in schizophrenia.
	www.jnnp.com /cgi/content/full/68/2/242 (2370 words)

	Virtual Hospital: The Human Brain: Chapter 5: The Cerebral Hemispheres (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The anterior and posterior portions of the corpus callosum curve sharply downwards to form its genu and splenium, respectively.
		The upper surface of the intermediate portion of the corpus callosum is covered by a thin veil of gray substance--the indusium griseum.
		The corpus callosum is a typical neocortical development; in man it is a highly developed commissure that reciprically interconnects the neopallial cortex of the two hemispheres.
	www.vh.org /adult/provider/anatomy/BrainAnatomy/Ch5Text/Section21.html (336 words)

	14-Definitions: Gray's Anatomy - The Corpus Callosum
		At its termination the Corpus Callosum passes backwards from its undersurface across the Posterior Margin of the Anterior Perforated Space to the Hippocampus Bands
		The underside of the Corpus Callosum forms the roof of the Lateral Ventricles:
		The part of the Corpus Callosum which curves forward on each side from the Genu into the Frontal Lobe and covers the front part of the Anterior Cornu of the Lateral Ventricle is called the Forceps Anterior or Minor.
	www.thjuland.net /14-def.html (462 words)

	S. F. Witelson: Hand and sex differences in the isthmus and genu of the human corpus callosum. A postmortem ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Witelson: Hand and sex differences in the isthmus and genu of the human corpus callosum.
		Hand and sex differences in the isthmus and genu of the human corpus callosum.
		“The midsagittal area of the corpus callosum was measured in its entirety and in seven subdivisions in a sample of 50 brains consecutively obtained from autopsies of individuals who had neuropsychological testing before death.
	www.serpentfd.org /a/witelson1989.html (353 words)

	Abnormalities of the corpus callosum in first episode, treatment naive schizophrenia -- Keshavan et al. 72 (6): 757 -- ...
		(B) The scheme used to subdivide the corpus callosum is depicted on a sagittal view of the structure.
		Neuropathological abnormalities of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor imaging study.
		Magnetic resonance imaging morphology of the corpus callosum in monozygotic twins.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/72/6/757 (2597 words)

	Cingulate Gyrus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The cingulate gyrus is an arched convolution that lies next to the corpus callosum and is separated from it by the sulcus of the corpus callosum.
		It begins below the rostrum, curves around in front of the genu, extends along the trunk, and then turns downward behind the splenium of the corpus callosum, where it is connected by the narrow "isthmus of the cingulate gyrus" to the parahippocampal gyrus.
		It is separated from the "medial frontal gyrus" by the cingulate sulcus and from the "precuneus" by the more variable "suprasplenia sulcus." It has many connections with the anterior thalamic nuclei and is often considered to be part of the "limbic system."
	www.innerbody.com /text/nerv86.html (111 words)

	Prenatal PCB Exposure, the Corpus Callosum, and Response Inhibition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		We measured (square millimeters) the splenium of the corpus callosum, a pathway implicated in the regulation of response inhibition, using magnetic resonance imaging.
		This argues that whatever the mechanism(s) underlying the PCB association with response inhibition, it is not caused by PCBs affecting the splenium of the corpus callosum.
		Although it is true that the volume of the corpus callosum changes dramatically between the ages of 4 and 8 years (Giedd et al.
	ehp.niehs.nih.gov /members/2003/6173/6173.html (6382 words)

	Neuropsychology and the Corpus Callosum:
		They didn’t know how to deal with the many different metaphors that have been used to explain the functioning of the corpus callosum and were puzzled by the fact, that after all this time, we STILL don’t know what the function of the corpus callosum is with certainty.
		The corpus callosum (CC) is the major white matter tract connecting the right and left cerebral hemispheres of the brain.
		McCulloch (1949) proposed that the corpus callosum was merely involved in the spread of epileptic seizures.
	www.carleton.ca /49.663/web.htm (4155 words)

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