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	Geoarchaeology: The Earth-Science Approach to Archaeological Interpretation
		Geoarchaeology provides the medium through which to address the myriad of physical problems faced by archaeologists in their search for a soundly contextualised understanding of past human behaviour – issues of palaeoenvironmental and landscape context and evolution, sources of natural resources, their extraction, modification and deposition, site construction, metamorphosis and preservation, and so on.
		On the one hand, geoarchaeology is grounded in the earth sciences, and yet on the other, it is distinct and separate from them; to be effective geoarchaeology needs to be grounded within the archaeological domain, and yet it draws its vitality from conceptions of landscapes and landscape analysis which lie beyond the constructions of archaeology.
		Returning to the issue of definition, the authors’ conclusion that "geoarchaeology may best be considered a meeting ground where the full range of earth sciences is applied to artefactual evidence to infer past processes and events" provides, for me, a partially satisfactory evaluation of the scope of the discipline.
	www.socarchsci.org /bulletin/9901/9901i.htm (1285 words)

	Geotimes - July 2004 - Highlights - Geoarcheaology
		Geoarchaeology, the application of geoscience techniques and concepts to archaeological studies, provides an earth-surface based context for the archaeological record — providing input as to why people were at a certain location, what they did there and what has happened to their record since they left.
		Of all the geoscience disciplines covered in this Highlights issue, geoarchaeology may be the least traditional and is certainly one of the most interdisciplinary.
		Another area of increasing interest is the application of geoarchaeology to historical and urban archaeology studies.
	www.geotimes.org /july04/high_geoarch.html (1042 words)

	Hamilton College - Academics - Geoarchaeology
		Geoarchaeology at Hamilton represents a new generation of innovative, interdisciplinary study in the earth sciences.
		Geoarchaeology majors may do field research in both geology and archaeology, studying at sites stretching from Antarctica and the European Alps to the Florida Keys and Hawaii.
		Geoarchaeology is a growing field in part because it provides the cutting-edge analytical tools and theoretical concepts to measure and understand climate change.
	www.hamilton.edu /academics/department.html?dept=Geoarchaeology (530 words)

	Geoarchaeology
		Hereafter follows a short outline about how and when geoarchaeology can be involved in the study and management of the historical-cultural heritage (escluding willingly the important aspects related to the study of contruction material and restauration, of dating techniques, of paleontology, etc.; see Websites on Geoarchaeology).
		The application of the methods of geoarchaeology, particularly those of soil science, allows a correcter prevision, identification and interpretation of the archaeological survey data, especially in the case of pre-protohistorical material.
		In the practice of geoarchaeology, it is therefore necessary to adapt to the short and detailed time scale of archaeology.
	www.digiter.it /egeo.htm (1541 words)

	geoarchaeology
		Geoarchaeology, which involves the use of geoscience methods and techniques to solve archaeological problems, is a research focus of the Anthropology and Geography programs at ISU.
		Russell Stafford's (Professor of Anthropology) research centers on Holocene landscape reconstruction through soil-geomorphic studies in the lower Ohio River valley and the development of techniques and strategies for discovery and sampling of deeply buried archaeological sites, particularly through the analysis of microartifacts.
		The CRM program focuses on geoarchaeology projects that provide students with a full-range of research opportunities.
	isu.indstate.edu /stafford/geoarch.htm (254 words)

	Geoarchaeology Minor
		Geoarchaeology has been described as "The contribution of earth sciences to the interpretation of archaeological context" (Bruce Gladfelter, American Antiquity, 1977).
		Geoarchaeology may also be defined as "Archaeology done by means of geological methods, techniques or concepts" (Karl Butzer, Journal of Field Archaeology, 1980).
		Geoarchaeology involves a number of sciences that can contribute to the interpretation of an archaeological site.
	www.uwlax.edu /faculty/wilder/geoarc.htm (274 words)

	Geoarchaeology Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Geoarchaeology - evidence derived from the application of the earth sciences (especially geology, geomorphology, hydrology, sedimentology and pedology) to archaeological problems.
		Geoarchaeology derives its evidence from the abiotic components of the former ecosystem under study in particular from the shape of the landscape (geomorphology), deposits within the landscape (sedimentology) and soils developed across it (pedology).
		Geoarchaeology at the site scale involves the study of sediments and soils and the geomorphic processes by which they were formed.
	www.arcl.ed.ac.uk /aea/aea5-theory-methods-and-practise-of-ea/geoarchaeology-introduction.htm (4396 words)

	Table of Contents and Excerpt, Holliday, Paleoindian Geoarchaeology of the Southern High Plains
		Geoarchaeology was an integral part of their research programs.
		The emphasis is on summarizing and comparing the geoarchaeology of Paleoindian occupations.
		Indeed, the focus of this monograph is on aspects of geoarchaeology and Paleoindian studies far removed from the study of stone-tool resources.
	www.utexas.edu /utpress/excerpts/exholpal.html (6444 words)

	University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences
		Geoarchaeology represents the interface of the geosciences with archaeology, where earth science approaches and techniques are used to answer anthropological questions about the human past.
		Important fundamental aspects of geoarchaeology taught at the UA through Geosciences, and Anthropology.
		Labs are available for basic sediment/soil analyses, petrographic analyses (in both Geosciences and Anthropology), stable isotope geochemistry, paleomagnetics/archaeomagnetics, both conventional and AMS radiocarbon dating, dendrochronology and dendroclimatology, and paleobotany (esp pollen).
	www.geo.arizona.edu /research/geoarchaeology.htm (276 words)

	DIRECTORY OF GRADUATE PROGRAMS
		Geoarchaeology, geomorphology, soils, hydrology, and near surface geophysics courses are taught in the Department of Geology.
		Principal faculty concerned are: Andrea Freeman (geoarchaeology, Paleoindian and Archaic archaeology, archaeology of the American Southwest, fluvial geomorphology), Brian Kooyman (phytoliths, Plains archaeology, Carribbean archaeology, zooarchaeology, lithics), Brian Moorman (ground penetrating radar, glaciology), Darren Sjogren (glacial geomorphology), Yvonne Martin (landscape evolution), Jean-Michel Maillol (geophysical methods), Gerald Osborn (surficial geology), and Masaki Hayashi (hydrology).
		The geoarchaeology module emphasizes the use of soil and sediment analyses to further archaeological interpretation.
	rock.geosociety.org /arch/GSA_GRAD.htm (5803 words)

	The University of Iowa Office of the State Archaeologist -- Geoarchaeology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The sediments themselves often hold important clues to the age, state of preservation, and prehistoric environments of the archaeological sites they contain.
		Research conducted at the interface of archaeology and the earth sciences is referred to as geoarchaeology.
		"Geoarchaeology in Iowa" was written by Joe Alan Artz with technical assistance from Patti Streicher.
	www.uiowa.edu /~osa/geo/geo.htm (156 words)

	Geoarchaeology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In this column I will (1) explore educational programs in geoarchaeology and where to find information about these programs and (2) discuss organizations dedicated to geoarchaeology.
		For students interested in studying geoarchaeology there are a number of excellent graduate programs available across the United States and Canada.
		Within the last year, a "Geoarchaeology Interest Group" was organized at the annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology.
	www.socarchsci.org /bulletin/9809/9809j.htm (498 words)

	Bibliography: Charles McBurney Laboratory for Geoarchaeology
		Boivin, N. Geoarchaeology and the goddess Laksmi: Rajasthani insights into prehistoric mineralogy.
		Geomorphological and micromorphological investigations of palaeosols, valley sediments and a sunken floored dwelling at Botai, Kazakhstan.
		Geoarchaeology in Action: Studies in soil micromorphology and landscape evolution.
	www.arch.cam.ac.uk /mcburney/bib.html (3644 words)

	Fisher - Courses - Geoarchaeology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Geoarchaeology uses analytical techniques, concepts, and field methodologies from the earth sciences to better understand the archaeological record.
		This course will introduce you to geoarchaeology focusing on fundamental concepts and techniques illustrated by case studies.
		Section II will discuss the application of geoarchaeology to two fundamental problem areas; landscapes and ancient human environmental impacts.
	lamar.colostate.edu /~ctfisher/Geoarch.html (411 words)

	Amazon.com: Geoarchaeology: The Earth-Science Approach to Archaeological Interpretation: Books: George (Rip) ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		This is an indispensable book for all professionals and students interested in the field of geoarchaeology, including those with limited earth-science experience.
		The authors offer an integrated approach to geoarchaeology for the first time, framing geologic concepts within an archaeological context and citing specific examples to demonstrate how geologic methods can be used to interpret archaeological records and the human past.
		Geoarchaeology is of major importance in understanding the archaeological record.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0300070764?v=glance (758 words)

	“Geoarchaeology – An Interdisciplinary Approach to Solving Archaeological Problems” (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Geoarchaeology involves the use of geologic tools and skills to help solve archaeological problems or answer questions using geological observations and interpretations.
		Because Geology is an interdisciplinary science, we bring many different approaches to problem solving.
		I will also describe in detail work that my students and I have done in trying to understand changes in manufacturing techniques and technologies in the ceramics industry in both sites.
	www.stolaf.edu /depts/physics/Geoarchaeology.htm (162 words)

	Practical and Theoretical Geoarchaeology - Book Information
		It tells you what a soil is, what a sediment is, is easy to read well illustrated and designed for the field archaeologist and not just the environmental and soil scientist.
		Practical and Theoretical Geoarchaeology provides an invaluable overview of geoarchaeology and how it can be used effectively in the study of archaeological sites and contexts.
		a fundamental, broad-based perspective of the essentials of modern geoarchaeology in order to demonstrate the breadth of the approaches and the depth of the problems that it can tackle.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /0632060441 (382 words)

	Geoarchaeology at Washington University in St. Louis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Archaeology: Students interested in geoarchaeology and who are applying for graduate study in anthropological archaeology should apply for admission through the Department of Anthropology.
		Geosciences: Students interested in geoarchaeology and who are applying for graduate study in geosciences should apply through the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences.
		In addition to required courses in the respective departmental programs, graduate students seeking to specialize in Geoarchaeology are encouraged to take courses in the departments that complement and enhance their existing training and that will be relevant to their areas of interest.
	www.artsci.wustl.edu /~archae/Archaeology/geoarchaeology.htm (652 words)

	Postgraduate Prospectus: MSc Geoarchaeology
		The MSc Geoarchaeology provides training in the range of earth science methods that are of growing importance in archaeology and palaeoenvironmental studies.
		The programme is organised by the Department of Archaeology, and includes collaborative interdisciplinary teaching and use of analytical facilities, particularly for soils and sediments teaching, in other departments within the School of Human and Environmental Sciences.
		The MSc in Geoarchaeology is assessed by course work and examination (Autumn—early Summer terms), and a dissertation.
	www.rdg.ac.uk /PG/taught/19.html (210 words)

	Department of Geology- The University of Iowa
		My research program in geoarchaeology addresses how landscape processes and changes affect the archaeological record and our perceptions of the human past.
		My primary interests are in landscape-scale geoarchaeology, but I have students involved in projects ranging from site-specific to basin-wide studies.
		Through collaborative relationships with a number of archeologists paleoanthropologists, and geoarcheologists my students and I are involved in landscape reconstruction, carbon isotopic studies, and taphonomic studies at late glacial and Holocene localities in the mid-continent of North America, and at early and middle Pleistocene Homo erectus localities in the Solo Basin of central Java, Indonesia.
	www.uiowa.edu /~geology/people/faculty/bettis/geoarch.htm (316 words)

	Principles of Geoarchaeology: A North American Perspective
		Waters has undertaken a formidable task in writing a treatise on geoarchaeology, a multifaceted field in which practiioners normally specialize in only a few facets.
		In Prinicples of Geoarchaeology, Michael Waters presents a detailed and enlightening view of the field of geoarchaeology and successfully links theory and practice on one volume.
		The emphasis placed on field aspects of geoarchaeology is well directed and amply illustrated with examples derived from field studies.
	www.uapress.arizona.edu /books/BID503.htm (516 words)

	APPLIED GEOARCHAEOLOGY AND QUATERNARY PALYNOLOGY LAB
		Geoarchaeology is the application of earth science methods to archaeological research.
		It is also the period that saw the appearance of humans.
		The OSU Applied Geoarchaeology and Quaternary Palynology Lab (AGQPAL) is a research facility affiliated with the Geography Department at
	www.geog.okstate.edu /labs/agqplab.htm (353 words)

	Geoarchaeology Field School 2003
		We will work with archaeologists, and students in the geoarchaeology course may spend a few days doing archaeological excavation if they wish.
		All three have extensive experience in geoarchaeology and in semi-arid landscapes.
		In summer 2003, the geomorphology, soils and geoarchaeology course runs for four weeks, June 30 through July 25.
	geography.uoregon.edu /mcdowell/field_school (586 words)

	SAAweb - Interest Groups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The goal of the Geoarchaeology Interest Group is to advance the science of geoarchaeology, ensure continued professional development of members within the group, and assist in educating future geoarchaeologists.
		Yet most do have all the essentials for a geoarchaeology program, if simply the cross-links were emphasized.
		The geoarchaeology interest group will help students determine exactly what graduate and undergraduate courses are available in various universities that lead to some training in geoarchaeology.
	www.saa.org /aboutSAA/interestGroups/geoArch (250 words)

	English
		Geoarchaeology is Archaeology using the techniques and methods of Earth Sciences
		Digiter offers services for archaeology, based upon the application of geological sciences (geoarchaeology).
		Digiter, founded in 1987, proposes a wide spectrum of preliminary studies, consultancies at the excavations and prospection techniques, all aimed at the study and conservation of the archaeological heritage:
	www.digiter.it /engl.htm (103 words)

	Geoarchaeology: An International Journal
		It is the author's responsibility to obtain written permission to reproduce material that has appeared in another publication.
		Special Issue: Egyptian Geoarchaeology: Dedicated to C. Vance Haynes, Jr.
		Geoarchaeology of the Holocene climatic optimum at Nabta Playa, Southwestern Desert, Egypt
	www.bu.edu /archaeology/oldsite/journals/geoarch.html (809 words)

	GEOARCHAEOLOGY
		Geoarchaeology is the application of earth science methods to archaeological problems.
		My research in geoarchaeology includes a number of significant studies of the layers ("strata") in which prehistoric artifacts have been found.
		I have related the layers that contain the artifacts to soil development, to landscape changes, and to the bedrock and sediment "packages" of the region surrounding each archaeological site.
	www.gpc.edu /~dthieme/Geoarch_Thieme.html (160 words)

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