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	Geoffrey W. Marcy Biographical Sketch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Geoffrey W. Marcy is the director of the Center for Integrative Planetary Science and a professor of astronomy at the University of California, Berkeley.
		Marcy, born in Detroit, earned a bachelor's degree in physics and astronomy from the University of California, Los Angeles, and received his doctorate in astronomy and astrophysics from the University of California, Santa Cruz, in 1982.
		Prior to that, he was a fellow at the Carnegie Institution of Washington in Washington, D.C. Dr. Marcy is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and in 2001 was awarded its prestigious Henry Draper Medal, which is given every four years to individuals who have made a significant contribution to astronomical physics.
	www7.nationalacademies.org /interviews/Marcy_biography.html (287 words)

	The World Today - Two new planets discovered
		GEOFFREY MARCY: The good news is all the ingredients for life are abundant in the universe; the chemicals on the periodic table are found everywhere in the universe, energy is abundant from stars — tidal, geothermal; water as a molecule is seen everywhere in our galaxy.
		GEOFFREY MARCY: Indeed the real golden question, of course, is whether or not there's life elsewhere in the universe.
		GEOFFREY MARCY: And I think the reason we do all of this is that we're trying to find out whether or not life is common, and hence reflect back on us.
	www.abc.net.au /worldtoday/content/2004/s1189775.htm (964 words)

	Salon People Feature \| Master of the universe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In late 1995, Marcy was scooped by Michel Mayor, a Swiss scientist who used the same technique of looking for the Doppler shift and found the first confirmed extrasolar planet, orbiting a star called 51 Pegasi in the constellation Pegasus.
		Marcy and his colleagues started racing through their own amassed data -- they had been collecting light from stars for years while they worked on their analyzing software.
		Marcy found a star with a wobble that suggested a huge planet with an orbital course that would take it directly in front of the star from our point of view.
	www.salon.com /people/feature/1999/12/02/marcy/print.html (2030 words)

	Geoffreys on the Web
		Geoffrey is a Emeritus Professor in the Department of Linguistics and Modern English Language at Lancaster University.
		Geoffrey W. Marcy is a Dintinguished University Professor of Science at San Francisco State University and an Adjunct Professor at U.C. Berkeley with his B.S. in Physics and Astronomy from U.C.L.A. and his Ph.D. in both Astronomy and Astrophysics from U.C. Santa Cruz.
		Geoffrey is an anthropologist at the University of Newcastle in Australia.
	webgeoffrey.com (5529 words)

	Geoffrey on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Geoffrey died in Paris while forming an alliance with Philip II of France against Henry II.
		Geoffrey Nyarota, rédacteur en chef du seul quotidien indépendant du Zimbabwe Geoffrey Nyarota, rédacteur en chef du seul.
		GEOFFREY W. MARCY, director of the Center for Integrative Planetary Science at the University of California, Berkeley, has fo.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/G/Geoffrey.asp (677 words)

	Dr. Geoffrey Marcy, UC Berkeley, You Say You Want a Revolution: Planetary Systems Different from our Own
		Marcy's research is focused on the detection of extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs.
		Marcy was California Scientist of the Year in 2000 and received the Manne Siegbahn Award from the Physics Committee of the Swedish Academy in 1996.
		Marcy is the first director of the Center for Integrative Planetary Science at UC-Berkeley, designed to study the formation, geophysics, chemistry and evolution of planets.
	online.itp.ucsb.edu /online/plecture/marcy (398 words)

	Science News Online (6/27/98): Two teams find planet orbiting nearby star
		Marcy says that this discovery brings to 12 the number of planets revealed by the wobble in a star’s motion (SN: 5/17/97, p.
		Marcy and his colleagues, R. Paul Butler of the Anglo-Australian Observatory in Epping, Steven S. Vogt of the University of California, Santa Cruz, and Debra Fischer of San Francisco State, began studying Gliese 876 in 1994 at Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton in California.
		Marcy notes that although gravitational interactions between a star and a nearby planet tend to make orbits circular, the new planet follows a path more elongated than that of Pluto.
	www.sciencenews.org /sn_arc98/6_27_98/fob3.htm (770 words)

	Geoffrey Marcy Interview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Marcy describes how he became fascinated with stars when his parents give him a map of the solar system and a used telescope.
		Marcy recalls how he became disillusioned with his doctoral research on measuring the magnetic fields of stars, not knowing that the expertise he gained in high-resolution spectroscopy would be crucial to his life's work.
		Marcy describes the media flurry around his discoveries and the transition to the University of California at Berkeley.
	www7.nationalacademies.org /interviews/Marcy_Interview.html (398 words)

	01.11.01 - Pioneering planet hunters Geoffrey Marcy and Paul Butler awarded prestigious Draper Medal from the National ...
		Butler and Marcy were cited by the academy "for their pioneering investigations of planets orbiting other stars via high-precision radial velocities." They will join the ranks of other noted astronomers including George Ellery Hale, Arthur Eddington, Harlow Shapley, Horace Babcock, and the team of Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson.
		Marcy, a professor of astronomy in the College of Letters & Science at UC Berkeley, and Butler together conceived a novel technique for measuring stellar Doppler velocities, the telltale wobbles indicating an orbiting planet.
		Since then, Marcy, Butler and their colleagues have continued observations at the Lick Observatory at UC Santa Cruz and have extended their planet search to the more sensitive Keck telescopes operated in Hawaii by a consortium of the University of California and Caltech.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/2001/01/11_drapr.html (629 words)

	NewsHour Online: Life on other planets
		GEOFFREY MARCY: Well, we've been looking for planets now for eight and a half years with a totally new technique which employs large telescopes and watching for the wobble of a star due to the gravitational pull of the attendant planets which sadly we can't see directly.
		GEOFFREY MARCY: Well, it's, it's a realm of biochemistry that is going to flourish now, I think, for researchers in those fields, the question being: Could life arise perhaps not on a hard surface like happened on the Earth but, instead, in these gaseous atmospheres at lukewarm temperatures.
		GEOFFREY MARCY: Uh, we can't see the planets at all, and the hope is with NASA's help we will be able to do so and maybe even take a picture of one someday, or our grandchildren will be around someday to see pictures of other Earth-like planets.
	www1.pbs.org /newshour/bb/science/planets_1-18.html (887 words)

	Scientific American: Welcome to the Neighborhood (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Geoffrey Marcy and his colleagues have found most of the extrasolar planets discovered in the last two and a half years.
		Geoffrey W. Marcy of San Francisco State University and colleagues announced at an International Astronomical Union symposium in Victoria, British Columbia, that they had found yet another new object circling a star only 15 light-years away from earth.
		Marcy and his colleagues--R. Paul Butler of the Anglo-Australian Observatory, Steven S. Vogt of the University of California at Santa Cruz and Debra Fischer of SFSU--began studying 400 nearby stars, including Gliese 876, last year using powerful spectrometers at the Keck Observatory on top of Mauna Kea in Hawaii last year.
	www.sciam.com /print_version.cfm?articleID=000CBA33-59A9-1CE2-95FB809EC588EF21 (644 words)

	Geoffrey Marcy, Astronomer [UCLA Spotlight] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Geoffrey Marcy doesn't have his head in the clouds.
		Since graduating from UCLA summa cum laude in 1976, with a double major in physics and astronomy, the scientist and his team have discovered 45 of the 78 extrasolar planets currently known in the universe.
		Imparting his knowledge of astrophysics, Marcy is teaching a new crop of scientists to comb the skies for hidden planets.
	www.ucla.edu /spotlight/archive/html_2001_2002/alum0402_marcy.html (326 words)

	Wired News: Found: Solar System Like Our Own (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Butler and colleague Geoffrey Marcy, from Berkeley, said a gas giant circling 55 Cancri is the first extrasolar analogous to one of our planets, with an orbit that's very similar to Jupiter's.
		The newfound planet, one of 15 announced Thursday by Marcy and Butler, orbits at 5.5 AU (short for "astronomical unit," or the 93-million mile distance between the Earth and the sun) from its star.
		Marcy and Butler found these planets using the same technique they've long employed for discovering new worlds (the two are credited with locating more than half of the known extrasolar planets).
	www.wired.com /news/print/0,1294,53188,00.html (546 words)

	University of California, Berkeley Scientists Develop Algorithms to Discover Extra-Solar Planets - Computerworld (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Marcy, director of the Center for Integrative Planetary Science (CIPS) at the University of California, Berkeley, has found 52 of the 86 known "extra-solar" planets.
		Marcy and a colleague, Paul Butler, developed algorithms and wrote 50,000 lines of code to model the expected Doppler shift, then used statistical methods to compare this "synthetic" spectrum with observed spectra.
		"Marcy was dedicated, he made careful measurements and was very careful in the analysis of the data.
	www.computerworld.com /printthis/2002/0,4814,71597,00.html (538 words)

	SPACE.com -- Scientists Refine Planet-Finding Methods
		The stellar duo of Geoffrey Marcy, professor of astronomy at the University of California, Berkeley and Paul Butler, staff scientist in the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution of Washington, announced their research findings on Wednesday at NASA headquarters.
		One planet is at least 80 percent the mass of Saturn and orbits the star HD 46375, 109 light-years away in the constellation Monoceros.
		Marcy said that they are preparing to possibly confirm another 6 to 10 new planets, perhaps within six months to a year-and-a-half.
	www.space.com /news/planet_finders_000328.html (790 words)

	JPL Biographies
		Together Marcy and Butler conceived a novel technique for detecting stellar wobble and deducing from it the mass and orbit of its companion planet.
		Since then Marcy, Butler and their colleagues have continued observations at the Lick telescope in Mt. Hamilton, California and have extended their planet search to the more sensitive Keck telescopes in Hawaii, operated by a consortium of the University of California and Caltech.
		Marcy is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, which awarded him the prestigious Henry Draper Medal in 2001.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /webcast/marcy_bio.html (271 words)

	More New Worlds
		Marcy and Butler's findings, combined with the Mars rock discovery, have spurred NASA researchers to renew proposals to expand their own search for extra-solar planets.
		Butler and Marcy have collected an enormous amount of data from their continued observations at the Lick Observatory east of San Jose and the Keck telescope on the 14,000 foot summit of the Mauna Kea volcano in Hawaii.
		The data collected will continue to be analyzed by Butler, Marcy and a few graduate students working with them on their cosmic search.
	www.coastnews.com /planets.htm (1332 words)

	CBS News \| New Planet: Large And Luminous \| December 13, 1999 05:18:40
		Geoffrey Marcy, who heads a four-member team of San Francisco State researchers, announced the discovery the week of June 22 at a scientific symposium in Canada.
		Marcy added that the discovery of a planet around Gliese 876 dramatically raises the odds that many more planets may be found relatively close to our own solar system.
		Twelve such planets have been discovered by the world's astronomers, including seven by Marcy and his associates in the past three years.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/1998/06/26/tech/main12649.shtml (361 words)

	09.01.2005 - Planet hunter Geoffrey Marcy shares $1 million Shaw Prize in astronomy
		Marcy emphasized that the achievements for which he's being honored were the product of a team effort, in particular a close collaboration with Paul Butler of the Carnegie Institution of Washington.
		Within a week, Marcy and Butler had confirmed the planet through observations at the University of California's Lick Observatory, opening a floodgate of new-found planets from his group.
		Last year's winner of the mathematics prize was the late UC Berkeley professor emeritus of mathematics Shiing Shen Chern "for his initiation of the field of global differential geometry and his continued leadership of the field...
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/2005/09/01_shaw.shtml (588 words)

	SF State News
		Marcy, who is an adjunct professor of astronomy at SFSU as well as a professor and director of the Center for Integrative Planetary Science at University of California, Berkeley, plans to donate $50,000 of his prize to the SFSU Physics and Astronomy Department.
		Marcy maintains that his million-dollar idea wouldn't have become a reality without all the other American astronomers who contributed to the search including alums Debra Fischer, SFSU assistant professor of astronomy, and Paul Butler.
		Now a leader on the Marcy team, she has made significant discoveries with n2k, an international consortium of planet hunters.
	www.sfsu.edu /~news/2005/fall/112.htm (573 words)

	Geoffrey W. Marcy, Ph.D. California Scientist of the Year 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Geoffrey W. Marcy, Ph.D. The 2000 California Scientist of the Year is Geoffrey W. Marcy, Ph.D., Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Center for Integrative Planetary Science at the University of California at Berkeley.
		Just a decade ago, many conventional astronomers doubted that Dr. Marcy's search would ever be successful; they thought that even if planets did exist outside our solar system, we could never detect them.
		The impact of Dr. Marcy's discoveries has energized not only other astronomers, but also scientists in fields as widespread as geology and biology.
	www.californiasciencecenter.org /GenInfo/NewsAndEvents/AnnualEvents/ScientistOfTheYear/PastSotY/Bios/Marcy.php (319 words)

	NewStandard: 6/26/98
		Marcy's other partners in the discovery are Paul Butler of the Anglo-Australian Observatory in Australia, Steve Vogt of the University of California at Santa Cruz and Debra Fischer of San Francisco State.
		Although this is Marcy and his associates' seventh planet discovery, the quest has not gotten dull.
		On May 28, astronomer Susan Terebey and her colleagues at a private research firm in Pasadena announced they had used the Hubble Space Telescope to spot what might be an extrasolar planet escaping from a star system about 450 light-years from Earth.
	www.s-t.com /daily/06-98/06-26-98/a04wn031.htm (531 words)

	Astronomers report proof of planets outside the Solar System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Marcy and his colleagues, Paul Butler of the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution of Washington in Washington, D.C., and Steve Vogt of UC Santa Cruz and Lick Observatory, first detected a wobble in the star called HD 209458 on Nov. 5.
		Henry turned one of his automatic telescopes on the star at the time Marcy and Butler predicted the planet would cross the face of the star if the planet's orbital plane were lucky enough to carry it between Earth and the star.
		Until now, none of the 18 other extrasolar planets Marcy and Butler have discovered has had its orbital plane oriented edge-on to Earth so that the planet could be seen to transit the star, nor have any of the other planets discovered by other researchers.
	science.nasa.gov /newhome/headlines/ast14nov99_1.htm (1015 words)

	Astronomers discover planet just light years from earth
		The planet wasn't imaged directly by Marcy and his colleagues Paul Butler of the Anglo-Australian Observatory in Australia, Steve Vogt of U.C.-Santa Cruz and Debra Fischer of S.F. State.
		Marcy said he described it to colleagues at an astronomy conference in Canada this month.
		Although this is Marcy and associates' seventh planet find, the quest hasn't gotten dull.
	www.recordonline.com /1998/06/26/planet26.htm (475 words)

	Untitled Document
		Professor Geoffrey W. Marcy, Professor of Astronomy at the University of California at Berkeley, in collaboration with his team of planet-finders, pioneered discovery of extra-solar planets, and have found most of those now known.
		Professor Marcy is a gifted lecturer, and receives numerous invitations worldwide to address not only groups of astronomers and scientists but also to present distinguished lectures to broader public audiences.
		Marcy is a scholar of extraordinary national and international distinction who has made a contribution to human knowledge of transcendent value.
	www.indiana.edu /~deanfac/patten/marcy_patten.html (614 words)

	ScienceMatters @ Berkeley. Berkeley's Star Planet Hunter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Since that Eureka moment, Marcy and his colleagues have found planets as far as 150 light years away from Earth by measuring their parent stars' stellar wobble.
		Marcy's team has discovered one Jupiter-sized planet with the right orbit distance, but it circles its star in an elliptical pattern.
		So when Marcy and his colleagues notice the velocity of a star's wobble speeding up from year to year, it's a good indicator that a planet is coming around the bend.
	sciencematters.berkeley.edu /archives/volume2/issue10/story1.php (1197 words)

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