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Topic: Geographical pricing

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	Geographical pricing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Geographical pricing, in marketing, is the practice of modifying a basic list price based on the geographical location of the buyer.
		This is sometimes done by drawing concentric circles on a map with the plant or warehouse at the center and each circle defining the boundary of a price zone.
		This amounts to a price discount, and is used as a promotional tactic.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Zone_pricing (269 words)

	Pricing Strategies
		The high price tends to attract new competitors into the market, and the price inevitably falls due to increased supply.
		Premium pricing, penetration pricing, economy pricing, and price skimming are the four main pricing policies/strategies.
		Geographical pricing is evident where there are variations in price in different parts of the world.
	www.marketingteacher.com /Lessons/lesson_pricing.htm (470 words)

	Price Modeling in Standards for Electronic Product Catalogs Based on XML
		The price of a product is not limited to a direct quotation, which consists of the amount, currency and tax, but it is the result of a system of price components and rules.
		Especially the price is the result of an individual negotiation and fixed in a bilateral agreement; the price is customer-specific.
		In this paper we have discussed the problem of modeling price information in e-catalogs and suggested a general price model for XML catalog standards, which is the result of a theoretical (pricing strategy) and empirical analysis (commercial standards).
	www.www2002.org /CDROM/refereed/516 (5644 words)

	Jaxworks: Pricing Analysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Small businesses whose pricing decisions are greatly affected by the costs of shipping merchandise to customers across a wide range of geographical regions frequently employ one of the geographical pricing techniques.
		Another variation of geographic pricing is uniform delivered pricing, a technique in which the firm charges all of its customers the same price regardless of their location, even though the cost of selling or transporting merchandise varies.
		Pricing is one of the most important, yet least understood, of all the managerial duties.
	www.jaxworks.com /pricing.htm (6479 words)

	Hedonic Pricing Method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For example, the price of a car reflects the characteristics of that car—transportation, comfort, style, luxury, fuel economy, etc. Therefore, we can value the individual characteristics of a car or other good by looking at how the price people are willing to pay for it changes when the characteristics change.
		In general, the price of a house is related to the characteristics of the house and property itself, the characteristics of the neighborhood and community, and environmental characteristics.
		The data are analyzed using regression analysis, which relates the price of the property to its characteristics and the environmental characteristic(s) of interest.
	www.ecosystemvaluation.org /hedonic_pricing.htm (1601 words)

	* Geographical Pricing - (Marketing & Web): Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Geographical Pricing - a pricing method in which customers bear the freight costs from the producer's location to their own; examples of geographical pricing include FOB pricing, base-point pricing and zone pricing...
		Geographic segmentation: the division of a heterogeneous market into relatively homogeneous groups on the basis of area, district, region, state, etc. See Segmentation Bases...
		Free-in-Store Pricing: a pricing method in which the producer is responsible for all freight and delivery costs; the ordered goods are delivered freight free to the customer.
	www.mimihu.com /marketingweb/geographical_pricing.html (126 words)

	[No title]
		Price it too high and the potential customer may not take the risk.
		Price is probably the most important influence on consumer buying.
		Costs tend to be underestimated so if you start with low prices you leave little room for manoeuvre, and price hikes will be difficult to implement.
	www.geocities.com /ezworkingskills/pricing.htm (583 words)

	CHAPTER 15 -- DESIGNING PRICING STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMS
		Sixth, the company selects its final price, expressing it in the most effective psychological way, coordinating it with the other marketing mix elements, checking that it conforms to company pricing policies, and making sure it will prevail with distributors and dealers, company sales force, competitors, suppliers, and government.
		Price discounts and allowances are a second area for adjustment where the company establishes cash discounts, quantity discounts, functional discounts, seasonal discounts, and allowances.
		Price elasticity of demand - determination of the affect of a change in price on overall demand.
	lsb.scu.edu /~kfox/KotlerChapters/CH15.html (1290 words)

	Encyclopedia: Geographical pricing
		Marketing is the process of planning and executing the pricing, promotion, and distribution of goods, ideas, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals.
		Discounts and allowances are modifications to the basic price.
		Promotion may mean: Promotion (chess), a term used in the game of chess Promotion (marketing), a marketing term Promotion (rank), an increase in position in a hierarchy Promotion (academic), German academic degree that is roughly equivalent to the Ph.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Geographical-pricing (400 words)

	Pricing
		GeoSelect pricing packages are based on the number of times that the database is used to resolve the location of an IP Address.
		All prices are in US dollars and include automatic weekly database updates.
		Pricing for GeoReport is based on hits received per day.
	www.geobytes.com /Pricing.htm (556 words)

	Play the ALTI Apprentice Fantasy Game
		However, if the advantage is not sustainable, the high price tends to attract new competitors into the market, and the price inevitably falls due to increased supply.
		Companies will use product line pricing where there is a range of product or services the pricing reflect the benefits of parts of the range.
		Neither team effectively used pricing, Kendra understood the promotional value of her product by tapping into the artist's collectors and touting the "limited edition" nature of the shirt, however, failed to translate that into the appropriate pricing strategy which would have been a blend between premium, promotional and psychological pricing.
	www.alticonsulting.com /apprentice-newsletter-15.htm (1099 words)

	Pricing Objectives
		The skimming price is the highest price possible that buyers who most desire the product will pay (skim the cream off the top -- skim the innovators).
		A recent pricing issue is that of everyday low pricing, where the retailer charges a constant, lower price at all times, with no temporary price discounts.
		Free On Board or FOB-origin pricing is a geographical pricing strategy in which goods are placed free on board a carrier; the customer pays the actual freight from the factory to the destination.
	www.witiger.com /marketing/pricingobjectives.htm (1009 words)

	P for Pricing !!
		Loss leader and special events pricing are nothing but promotional pricing where prices are reduced for short time period to boost sale.
		Psychological pricing is a theory in marketing that these prices have a psychological impact that drives demand greater than would be expected if consumers were perfectly rational.
		Psychological pricing is one cause of price points.
	www.buzzle.com /editorials/4-24-2004-53323.asp?viewPage=3 (177 words)

	THE PRICE IS RIGHT: How To Sell Your Compost
		It is often easier to penetrate a market by using the standard pricing with a discount than it is to offer the product at the lower standard price and try to raise it later.
		This is one of the most commonly used pricing methods because it encourages customers to use more materials.
		Generally, price will be inversely related to volume in almost all major markets.
	wasteage.com /mag/waste_price_right_sell (1843 words)

	Raise Your Prices and Increase Sales!
		Or suppose your price was $88 and you raised it to $89.
		Maybe what will double your profits is one of the pricing strategies showing you how to break down what you're selling into pieces of value -- then how to build it back up into a product worth much more than previously.
		There are 6 different pricing strategies that can make customers pay higher prices -- just because of a chance in your ads or your press releases.
	www.RaiseYourPrices.com (2145 words)

	Kerin Chapter 14
		Prices give a profit that is a percentage of sales volume.
		The price cut is confined to specific products or customers (as with airline tickets) and not across the board.
		Price reduction given when a used product is part of the payment on a new product.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /~renglish/370/notes/chapt14 (907 words)

	Geographical pricing -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Geographical pricing -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		Geographical pricing, in (The commercial processes involved in promoting and selling and distributing a product or service) marketing, is the practice of modifying a basic list price based on the geographical location of the buyer.
		This amounts to a price (The act of reducing the selling price of merchandise) discount, and is used as a (A message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution) promotional tactic.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/ge/geographical_pricing.htm (288 words)

	Chargemaster Revenue Validation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The PPS Geographical Pricing Review is a standardized report comparing hospital-specific outpatient performance, drawing from CPT-4 based charges and reimbursement, derived from the most current MED-PAR data.
		The facility’s established charges are compared to a geographical sampling of 15 area facilities selected by the hospital or by PPS.
		A valid Rate Analysis Program is an alternative to across-the board price increases and is conducted by experienced PPS staff utilizing existing hospital data can positively impact your organization’s bottom line.
	www.ppscompliance.com /cgi-bin/crvalid.asp (274 words)

	Learning Objectives
		Demand-oriented pricing approaches stress consumer demand and revenue implications of pricing and include eight types: skimming, penetration, prestige, price lining, odd-even, target, bundle, and yield management.
		Profit-oriented pricing approaches focus on a balance between revenues and costs to set a price and include three types: target profit, target return-on-sales, and target return-on-investment pricing.
		Given an approximate price level for a product, a manager must set a list or quoted price by considering factors such as one-price versus a flexible-price policy; the effects of the proposed price on the company, customer, and competitors; and balancing incremental costs and revenues.
	highered.mcgraw-hill.com /sites/0072410752/student_view0/chapter14/learning_objectives.html (411 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Geographical pricing
		When shopping for a science kit or other supplies, make sure that you carefully review the features and quality of the products.
		Compare prices by going to several online stores.
		Compare prices but remember, Price $ is not everything.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Zone_pricing (383 words)

	GEO Pricing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		PPS will, at your request, provide a report of pricing in your facility’s region with this review.
		The Geographical Pricing Review is a standardized report comparing hospital-specific outpatient performance, drawing from CPT-4 based charges and reimbursement and derived from 1999 and 1999 MED-PAR data.
		PPS compares your facility’s established charges to a geographical sampling of up to ten area facilities selected by you or by PPS.
	www.ppscompliance.com /cgi-bin/geo.asp (98 words)

	Ch. 15 - Designing Pricing Strategies and Programs
		Price competition is number one problem facing companies
		Unitary - % quantity demanded changes same as the % price change
		firm searches for set of prices that maximizes profit on total mix
	www.agecon.uga.edu /~sturner/chapter15.htm (158 words)

	NO. 11 -- OCTOBER 15, 1989
		Libraries varied in their response to differential pricing, including the degree of difference they will accept without protest and the actions they take to obtain materials at a lower price.
		As to the issue of establishing one worldwide price in local currency, the ECS inference that this is not in the libraries' interest is totally unfounded.
		Finally, on this point, ECS agrees that one worldwide price is acceptable, and notes that your interpretation of their perspective differs from what they intended to imply.
	www.lib.unc.edu /prices/1989/PRIC11.HTML (4346 words)

	List of marketing topics: Geographical pricing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		There are several types of geographic pricing: * FOB origin - The shipping cost from the factory or warehouse is paid by the purchaser.
		* Uniform delivery pricing - (also called postage stamp pricing) - The same price is charged to all.
		* Freight-absorption pricing - The seller absorbs all or part of the cost of transportation.
	www.inspirationalspeakers.us /List_of_marketing_topics/Geographical_pricing.shtml (258 words)

	Geographical Pricing Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Looking For geographical pricing - Find geographical pricing and more at Lycos Search.
		Find geographical pricing - Your relevant result is a click away!
		Look for geographical pricing - Find geographical pricing at one of the best sites the Internet has to offer!
	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Geographical_pricing (147 words)

	* FOB - (Marketing & Web): Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		destination price means that the producer absorbs the costs of shipping the merchandise to the customer...
		Free On Board (FOB) It means all charges being met by exporter to the point where goods are loaded onboard the transit vessel.
		a pricing method in which customers bear the freight costs from the producer's location to their own; examples of geographical pricing include FOB pricing, base-point pricing and zone pricing.
	www.bestknows.com /marketingweb/fob.html (113 words)

	Maa-6.383 Digital Map Datasets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The main objective of the course is to give an introduction to digital map and geographical datasets which are available in Finland, foreign and global data sets are also treated.
		The course includes lectures on the following topics: spatial referencing, geographical data quality and quality control in data production processes, pricing policies and practicies, copyright problems, cartographic quality, delivery of mapdata in internet.
		In the exercise work students have to use Geographical Data Dictionary of the NLS and prepare a report on data sets required in a specified application.
	www.hut.fi /Units/Cartography/courses/spring2001/maa-6383.html (285 words)

	Quiz Questions
		Using price as a measure of the quality of a product and setting price high is:
		When the price setter stresses the supply or cost side of the pricing problem they are using what approach?
		Some products are priced based on what tradition or other competition factor dictate.
	www.mcgrawhill.ca /college/berkowitz/olc/4mcb_qq15.html (355 words)

	Regional Pricing Should Be Slashed Into Oblivion
		Every price we grabbed from the site at our office was the same when we looked the price up on the site in the Best Buy stores we visited.
		The second scenario for the pricing discrepancies is Best Buy's use of geographic pricing, where customers in Los Angeles may pay more for the same printer than someone in Akron, Ohio.
		With pricing comparison and competitors both large and small overflowing the e-commerce landscape, consumers can choose to be choosey.
	www.eweek.com /article2/0,1895,1863736,00.asp (1714 words)

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