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Topic: Geography Markup Language

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Geographic Data Files

Open GIS Consortium

OGC

	Cover Pages: Geography Markup Language (GML) Version 3.1 Public Release from Open GIS Consortium.
		GML property elements (see clause 7.5.3) may carry xlink attributes, which support the encoding of an association relationship by reference, the name of the property element denoting the target role in the association.
		GML encoding extensions for topology, multidimensions, and coverages.
		Geography Mark-Up Language: Foundation for the Geo-Web provides a broad coverage of the use of GML in different application areas, along with the technical means for building these applications.
	xml.coverpages.org /ni2004-03-26-a.html (4427 words)

	Geography Markup Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		GML is the XML data standard for the GeoWebinfrastructure, enabling Internet-connected devices to access geographical information, including, for example, merchant locations and traffic conditions.
		GML profiles are logical restrictions to GML, and may be expressed by a document, an XML schema or both.
		Some other markup languages for geography use schema constructs, but GML builds on the existing XML schema model instead of creating a new schema language, the route taken by languages such as Google's KML.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Geography_Markup_Language (1711 words)

	Geography Markup Language
		GML development was started in 1999 under the auspices of the OpenGIS Consortium and its specification was released in February of 2001.
		GML is likely to change as it has already changed, but the future changes are likely to be modification and elaborations of a fundamental model.
		The GML cites an element type in the notation of nmsp:element which means that the definition of element is to be found in the URL for the label nmsp.
	www.applet-magic.com /gml.htm (1838 words)

	GML Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		GML is concerned with the representation of the geographic data content.
		GML is based on a common model of geography (OGC Abstract Specification) which has been developed and agreed to by the vast majority of all GIS vendors in the world.
		GML can, however, be used in conjunction with languages like Java or C++ to in effect transport geographic behaviour from one place to another.
	www.w3.org /Mobile/posdep/GMLIntroduction.html (4274 words)

	Cover Pages: Geography Markup Language (GML)
		GML "is an XML grammar written in XML Schema for the modelling, transport, and storage of geographic information; it provides a variety of kinds of objects for describing geography including features, coordinate reference systems, geometry, topology, time, units of measure and generalized values.
		The GML 3.0 modular structure means that developers choosing to use GML can literally pick out the schemas or schema components that apply to their work.
		GML is thus presented in the form of three profiles as follows: Profile 1: for those who wish to use a pure DTD based solution and are not prepared to develop application specific DTDs, or wish data to be returned against a fixed set of DTDs.
	xml.coverpages.org /geographyML.html (9422 words)

	Geography, Mapping and XML
		GML was intended to be a content-oriented XML application which completely ignores the matter of how to display maps and other types of geographic information on the Web.
		GML has the tag pair which encloses a list of xy coordinate pairs with a comma seperator within the pair and whitespace separating the pairs.
		Richardson constructs a language for this purpose but his language is not in the nature of a markup language but instead what in computer science is called Abstract Data Types.
	www2.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/MappingXML.htm (8917 words)

	NSF / NSDL Workshop on Scientific Markup Languages
		While markup languages have been established as a good way to link between information objects, their broadest implementation to date occurs in processes that are virtually invisible to most users.
		A number of the markup languages discussed at the workshop have rich vocabularies in their structures, but the idea of linking these to a broader knowledge representation, such as to an ontology, is just beginning to be explored.
		For markup languages to be used widely in education, it will be important to develop tools and services that can mediate the semantics of markup languages to pedagogical concepts related to developing domain understanding.
	www.dlib.org /dlib/november05/bartolo/11bartolo.html (2986 words)

	Extensible Markup Language - Civ4Wiki
		The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a W3C-recommended general-purpose markup language for creating special-purpose markup languages, capable of describing many different kinds of data.
		Languages based on XML (for example, Geography Markup Language (GML), RDF/XML, RSS, MathML, XHTML, SVG, MusicXML and cXML) are defined in a formal way, allowing programs to modify and validate documents in these languages without prior knowledge of their form.
		A newer XML schema language, described by the W3C as the successor of DTDs, is XML Schema, or more informally referred to in terms of the initialism for XML Schema instances, XSD (XML Schema Definition).
	civ4wiki.com /wiki/index.php/XML (4433 words)

	XML.com: Mapping and Markup, Part 2
		In this and in other respects, a "GML document" does not resemble a simple XML document in other vocabularies--in which all the markup belongs to one namespace--but rather like one annotated, say, via RDF.
		Rather than "pure" GML documents, therefore, what you tend to see are documents conforming to schemas which have themselves imported one or more of the over thirty schemas which constitute the bulk of the GML spec.
		Note the intermingling of GML elements and attributes with those of the "base" application--and note especially that structurally, GML markup is subordinate to the other markup in this simple document.
	www.xml.com /pub/a/2004/12/29/tourist.html (1731 words)

	Physical Markup Language
		AML (Avatar Markup Language) is a new language based on XML, which encapsulates Text To Speech content, Facial Animation and Body Animation in a unified manner with appropriate synchronization information.
		The Astronomical Instrument Markup Language (AIML) is a domain-specific implementation of the Instrument Markup Language (IML).
		The Authorities Markup Language (AuthoritiesML) is a format for the interchange of UNIMARC authority records between applications.
	web.mit.edu /mecheng/pml/standards.htm (3119 words)

	Geography Markup Language (GML) \| OGC Network
		The Geography Markup Language (GML) is an XML encoding for the transport and storage of geographic information, including both the geometry and properties of geographic features.
		GML is a large, rich, expressive language designed to have the ability to express any geographic concept in common usage.
		Application schemas can be built on specific GML profiles or use the full GML schema set." Basically, profiles and application schemas are smaller subsets of the GML schema designed by a specific information community and tailored to a small number of uses.
	www.ogcnetwork.net /?q=gml (320 words)

	GML - Geography Markup Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Instead it attempts to automatically discover them and their associated properties by scanning the file and looking for "known" gml objects in the gml namespace to determine the organization.
		The first time a GML file is opened it is completely scanned in order to determine the set of featuretypes, the attributes associated with each and other dataset level information.
		When prescanning the GML file to determine the list of feature types, and fields, the contents of fields are scanned to try and determine the type of the field.
	ogr.maptools.org /drv_gml.html (516 words)

	Standard Generalized Markup Language Summary
		This language was developed and organized by the International Organization for Standards in 1986 as a means for organizing and identifying elements of a document that are destined to be formatted.
		As a markup language, SGML specifies what markup is allowed, what markup is required, and how the markup will be distinguished from text.
		An example of a procedural markup is "move the left margin 2 quads left, skip down one line, and go to the new left margin." SGML is not as detailed because those sort of detailed formatting instructions are resident in separate programs, which can be applied to the document in question.
	www.bookrags.com /Standard_Generalized_Markup_Language (1030 words)

	Internet GIS - XML and GML
		GML is a markup language that is based on the XML standard to construct structured spatial and non-spatial information to enable data sharing and interchange over the Web.
		As a markup language, SGML defines a specific vocabulary (tags for elements and attributes) and a declared syntax (grammar defining the hierarchy and other features).
		The Geography Markup Language (GML) is “an XML encoding for the transport and storage of geographic information, including both the spatial and non-spatial properties of geographic features (GML 2.0, OGC Recommendation Paper, Feb 2001).” It is a recommended standard to encode or markup spatial and non-spatial information in XML format by the OpenGIS Consortium (OGC).
	map.sdsu.edu /gisbook/ch7.htm (790 words)

	The CoverPages
		PMML is an XML markup language used to describe statistical and data mining models.
		Organizers for Extreme Markup 2005 have issued a renewed call for papers in connection with the August 1-5, 2005 peer-reviewed technical conference, to be held in Montreal, Canada.
		It describes the structure, content, construction, and semantics of language tags for use in cases where it is desirable to indicate the language used in an information object.
	xml.coverpages.org (15931 words)

	Markup Languages
		SGML because it is the parent language of both HTML and XML, HTML because it is the current language of the web, and XML because it is the future language of the web.
		The Mathematical Markup Language was developed for describing mathematical notations and expressions using XML.
		The language is designed to be platform independent, but maintains flexibility and permits document authors to embed platform-specific content as long as a platform-independent alternative is provided.
	penguin.dcs.bbk.ac.uk /academic/xml/markup/index.php (2153 words)

	Standards are key for bigger geographic information systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Keyhole Markup Language is based on — but doesn’t directly support the import of schemas built into — Geography Markup Language.
		While the geography language is designed to describe content and relies on other technologies to render that information as graphics or text (including HTML and the Vector Markup Language), Keyhole Markup Language is designed for creating “place marks,” map overlays marked with places that users define, for the Google Earth application.
		Geography Markup Language can be used for a GeoWeb application, one that presents geospatial data through a Web client, but the main advantage of Keyhole Markup Language is that it can leverage Google’s geographic search platform.
	www.washingtontechnology.com /news/21_18/emerging-tech/29317-1.html (1665 words)

	Chaeron Corporation - GPS (Global Position System) Solutions
		The Geography Markup Language (OpenGIS) specification is more appropriate to mapping applications, describing geographic "features" rather than location information..
		The Navigation Markup Language specification (from W3C) has not been updated since mid-1999 and is woefully incomplete as regards GPS-generated location data.
		There is a Simple Waypoint Markup Language (from Iseran) but it only deals with waypoints and has not been updated for a year.
	www.chaeron.com /gps.html (1073 words)

	Languages and Operating Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		AML is the native programming language of the ArcInfo Workstation GIS software.
		This programming language is most commonly used in web GIS applications.
		XML is a web-based language used to interact data behind the scenes.
	gislounge.com /ll/languagesos.shtml (344 words)

	GML - Geography Markup Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Instead it attempts to automatically discover them and their associated properties by scanning the file and looking for "known" gml objects in the gml namespace to determine the organization.
		The first time a GML file is opened it is completely scanned in order to determine the set of featuretypes, the attributes associated with each and other dataset level information.
		When prescanning the GML file to determine the list of feature types, and fields, the contents of fields are scanned to try and determine the type of the field.
	www.gdal.org /ogr/drv_gml.html (516 words)

	Geography Markup Language Files (GML) — UMN MapServer
		GML is a text-based, XML format that can represent vector and attribute data.
		GML files are usually a single text file with a GML filename extension.
		GML uses sets of nested tags to define attributes and geometry coordinates.
	mapserver.gis.umn.edu /docs/reference/vector_data/gml (291 words)

	Geography Markup Language \| OGC®
		The OpenGIS® Geography Markup Language (GML) Encoding Specification is an XML encoding for the modeling, transport and storage of geographic information including the spatial and non-spatial properties of geographic features.
		Implementers may decide to store geographic application schemas and information in GML, or they may decide to convert from some other storage format on demand and use GML only for schema and data transport.
		XMML - eXploration and Mining Markup Language - XMML is recognised as one of the pre-eminent examples of a community-based application schema, in the sense described in ISO 19109, expressed as a GML application language.
	www.opengeospatial.org /standards/gml (643 words)

	Cover Pages: Extensible Markup Language (XML)
		Several introductory and tutorial articles on the Extensible Markup Language (XML) are referenced in the shorter XML Introduction document.
		The Chemical Markup Language was documented (July 1998) as "an application of XML" and was demonstrated at WWW6 with the Jumbo Java-based browser for XML documents.
		It does this by providing two sets of markup tags: one set presents the notation of mathematical data in markup format, and the other set relays the semantic meaning of mathematical expressions, enabling complex mathematical and scientific notation to be encoded in an explicit way.
	www.oasis-open.org /cover/xml.html (7148 words)

	Geography Markup Language (GML)
		Informationen rund um Geography Markup Language (GML) finden Sie nachfolgend nach folgenden Kategorien zusammengestellt:
		Geography Mark-Up Language, derzeit das einzige Buch zu diesem Thema
		GML — Geography Markup Language (Vortrag Jan Lapp)
	www.gis-news.de /xml/gml.htm (280 words)

	GML - Geography Markup Language
		Read and Write data to GML from over 150 popular GIS, CAD and Database formats.
		FME (The Feature Manipulation Engine) is an integrated collection of Spatial ETL (Extract, Transform, and Load) tools for data transformation and data translation.
		One of the most powerful aspects of GML is the freedom it gives users to define their own custom application schemas.
	www.safe.com /gml/index.php (180 words)

	Geography Markup Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The objective is to allow internet browsers the ability to view web based mapping without additional components or viewers.
		Geography Markup Language is an XML based encoding standard for geographic information developed by the OpenGIS Consortium (OGC).
		Written by Ron Lake of Galdos Systems, Inc, this article explores the impact of GML 2.0 on spatial technologies.
	gislounge.com /ll/gml.shtml (138 words)

	[#WW-15] Adding Support for Geography Markup Language (GML) - NASA World Wind Issues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		If you were logged in you would be able to see more operations.
		See the IRC log for 5/12 between 8:20am and 9:00am EST for what was said in the #worldwind channel.
		We are working on a C++ binary for GML that will likely be made freely available in its read only form this fall.
	issues.worldwind.arc.nasa.gov /browse/WW-15 (329 words)

	Geography 239 Presentation
		ESRI's ArcXML has the capabilities for a geographic markup language but it is proprietary and it mixes content and presentation elements.
		GML is certainly adequate but it lacks any element of geographic orientation.
		GML would equally well serve to encode the form of graphic artwork.
	www2.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/geog239pres.htm (488 words)

	GML - a Markup Language for Geography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Geography Markup Language (version 3.1.1) is described in an Encoding Specification from Open Geospatial Consortium available from http://portal.opengeospatial.org/files/?artifact_id=4700.
		The GML 3.1.1 schema documents are available from http://schemas.opengis.net/gml/3.1.1/base/.
		Copyright © 1994 - 2004 Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. All Rights Reserved
	www.opengis.net /gml (49 words)

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