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Topic: Geomagnetic storm

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	Geomagnetic Storm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Geomagnetic storms are major disturbances of the magnetosphere that occur when the interplanetary magnetic field turns southward and remains southward for an prolonged period of time.
		During a geomagnetic storm's main phase, which can last as long as two to two and a half days in the case of a severe storm, charged particles in the near-Earth plasma sheet are energized and injected deeper into the inner magnetosphere, producing the storm-time ring current.
		This phase is characterized by the occurrence of multiple intense substorms, with the attendant auroral and geomagnetic effects.
	pluto.space.swri.edu /yosemite/glossary/geomagnetic_storm.html (368 words)

	What is a geomagnetic storm? By Brendan I. Koerner
		A strong geomagnetic storm is slated to hit Earth today, and experts warn that power grids and satellites could suffer.
		Geomagnetic storms like today's begin with an event called a coronal mass ejection, a geyser of solar gas.
		The good news is that geomagnetic storms can also produce brilliant light shows akin to the aurora borealis, or "northern lights." (Or, in the southern hemisphere, the aurora australis.) These lights are caused by milder, more common versions of today's storm and are visible in areas relatively close to the two magnetic poles.
	www.slate.com /id/2090297 (503 words)

	Positive and negative ionospheric disturbances at middle latitudes during geomagnetic storms
		The storm onset occurred at 2200 UT on September 17, 1979, is followed by weak positive ionospheric storm effects observed at LAN, WAK, PAR, BOU and WAL, by weak negative ionospheric storm effects at ALM and TAS and by symmetric disturbance signatures at MOS and DOU.
		Prior to the geomagnetic storm onset, indicated by the vertical line in Figure 2, the magnetosphere was in a disturbed condition; at least three magnetospheric substorms were recorded by AE index from 0200UT of December 19, to 1200UT of next day.
		A strong dependence of negative storm effects occurrence at mid-latitudes on geomagnetic activity level was detected, since these effects were observed as response to geomagnetic storms and not during a substorm lifetime.
	www.iono.noa.gr /Publications/grl_2000.htm (2875 words)

	Most potent geomagnetic storm hits Earth - JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM
		The storm, the most disruptive to hit Earth since 1989, was unleashed by the fourth-most powerful solar flare ever seen, NASA said.
		Geomagnetic storms have caused power disturbances in the United States and Canada at least 11 times since 1940.
		Researchers said Earth was protected from the storm's full impact because the magnetic field of the storm cloud was pointed north in the same direction as Earth's magnetic field.
	www.jamaicaobserver.com /news/html/20031030T210000-0500_50988_OBS_MOST_POTENT_GEOMAGNETIC_STORM_HITS_EARTH.asp (890 words)

	Media advisory: geomagnetic storm alert
		While it is geomagnetic storms that give rise to the beautiful Northern lights, they can also pose a serious threat for commercial and military satellite operators, power companies, astronauts, and they can even shorten the life of oil pipelines in Alaska by increasing pipeline corrosion.
		Geomagnetic storms occur when plasma, a hot ionized gas of charged particles produced by eruptions on the Sun, impacts the Earth's magnetic field causing it to fluctuate wildly.
		The USGS provides valuable geomagnetic data to a wide variety of users and organizations that are affected by geomagnetic storms.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2000-04/USGS-Mags-0504100.php (446 words)

	Solar activity and large geomagnetic disturbances
		This storm is sudden commencement type having peak magnitude of 132 nT, initial phase duration of 7 h, main phase duration of 13 h and recovery phase duration of 130 h.
		Geomagnetic storms are either caused by supersonic shocks or magnetic clouds.
		This analysis shows that the majority of geomagmetic storms were associated with IPDs caused by flow of supersonic IP shocks in comparison to magnetic clouds-associated geomagnetic storms, whereas magnetic clouds-associated geomagnetic storms contained higher IMF magnitude for longer duration in comparison to other IP shocks-associated geomagnetic storms.
	www.ias.ac.in /currsci/jul25/articles25.htm (1591 words)

	Powerful geomagnetic storm from solar flare strikes Earth
		NOAA reports "indicate that power grids in the northern United States and Canada are feeling the effects of the extreme geomagnetic storm," the agency said in a statement.
		NOAA space weather officials classified the geomagnetic storm as a G-5 or "extreme" on a scale that runs 1 to 5.
		Magnetic storms do not present a danger to personal health because the ionized particles are absorbed or bounced off by the Earth's thick atmosphere.
	www.spacedaily.com /2003/031030011953.ttvf20mm.html (535 words)

	ScienceMaster - JumpStart - Geomagnetic Hazards
		Geomagnetic storms, induced by solar activity, pose significant hazards to satellites, electrical power distribution systems, radio communications, navigation, and geophysical surveys.
		A geomagnetic storm in 1994 damaged two Canadian communication satellites, which were replaced at a cost of about $400 million.
		Solar storms are capable of exposing space travelers to dangerous radiation, ruining miniature electronic components on satellites and high-altitude aircraft, inducing damaging electrical currents in power grids, and producing inaccuracies in GPS by altering the media through which GPS radio waves travel.
	www.sciencemaster.com /jump/earth/geo.php (971 words)

	Earth Changes TV - Geomagnetic Storm Engulfs Earth
		Storm conditions settled down to minor late in the day, although more major activity is possible next week.
		He said forecasters believe the geomagnetic storm was caused by coronal mass ejections – large amounts of electrically charged gas or plasma exploding off the sun’s surface.
		The geomagnetic storm was not caused by another X-class or major flare that erupted on the sun at 6:37 a.m.
	www.earthchangestv.com /breaking/July2000/0714geomagnetic.htm (618 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		As a result, the geomagnetic effects, as part of the accumulated Tunguska data, were forgotten, although the data were very significant and informative.
		Analysis of the regional geomagnetic storm of 30 June 1908 is very important to an understanding of the Tunguska Event.
		The regional geomagnetic storm of 1908 is the evidence that either some comets contain an unknown source of plasma of a very high density, or that the Tunguska object was not a comet, but a cosmic object the composition and structure of which is unknown to astronomers and physicists.
	www.galisteo.com /tunguska/docs/zhur_us.html (1024 words)

	NOAA News Online (Story 2437)
		May 15, 2005 — Forecasters at the NOAA Space Environment Center in Boulder, Colo., observed a geomagnetic storm on Sunday, May 15, which they classified as an extreme event, measuring G-5—the highest level—on the NOAA Space Weather Scales.
		Possible impacts from such a geomagnetic storm include widespread power system voltage control problems; some grid systems may experience complete collapse or flouts.
		NOAA, an agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce, is dedicated to enhancing economic security and national safety through the prediction and research of weather and climate-related events and providing environmental stewardship of the nation's coastal and marine resources.
	www.noaanews.noaa.gov /stories2005/s2437.htm (413 words)

	Geomagnetic Storms
		Humboldt was left though with his discovery of the geomagnetic storm.
		It is extremely important to understand such storms because of the effects they have on life on Earth.
		Geomagnetic storms can affect radio communication, satellite drag, auroral activity and even the safety of astronauts in Earth orbit.
	www.windows.ucar.edu /tour/link=/glossary/geomagnetic_storms.html (288 words)

	USGS Reports Geomagnetic Storm In Progress
		A severe magnetic storm in March 1989 caused aurora that were reported as far south as Mexico.
		If that storm had not occurred in the middle of the night on the East Coast, it likely would have brought down power grids in the United States as well.
		The number of geomagnetic storms on the Earth increase and decrease in concert with the 11-year sunspot cycle of solar activity.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1998-08/USGS-URGS-270898.php (540 words)

	RedOrbit NEWS \| Powerful Geomagnetic Solar Storm in Progress (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		These storms are disturbances in the geomagnetic field caused by gusts in the solar wind that blows by Earth.
		NOAA forecasters report that this storm, caused by an increase in the solar wind speed, combined with an associated interplanetary magnetic field opposite that of Earth's, struck the Earth's magnetic field on August 17 at 9:40 a.m.
		A G4 geomagnetic storm can affect power systems with possible widespread voltage control problems, and some protective systems will mistakenly trip out key assets from the grid.
	www.redorbit.com /modules/news/tools.php?tool=print&id=14592 (280 words)

	Largest Geomagnetic Storm in 20 Years
		The geomagnetic storm peaked again between 16:00GMT on the 29th and 04:00GMT on the 30th.
		The Sun again significantly erupted at 20:49GMT on the 29th October, suggesting a further geomagnetic storm and possible auroral displays perhaps as soon as the early hours of 31st October.
		The variations that occur during magnetic storms are notoriously difficult to predict.
	www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk /storm29oct2003.html (1126 words)

	ScienceDaily: USGS Issues Geomagnetic Storm Alert (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Geomagnetic storm -- A geomagnetic storm is a temporary disturbance of the Earth's magnetosphere.
		Associated with solar coronal mass ejections, coronal holes, or solar flares, a geomagnetic storm is caused by a solar...
		Geomagnetic reversal -- A geomagnetic reversal is a change in the orientation of Earth's magnetic field such that the positions of magnetic north and magnetic south become interchanged.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2000/06/000609010023.htm (1618 words)

	Geomagnetic storms [Oulu]
		Storms, the main contributors to space weather, are initiated when enhanced energy transfer from the solar wind/IMF into the magnetosphere leads into intensification of ring current.
		Storm is an interval of time when a sufficiently intense and long-lasting interplanetary convection electric field leads, through a substantial energization in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system, to an intensified ring current strong enough to exceed some key threshold of the quantifying storm time Dst index.
		The largest storms are often related to coronal mass ejections from the Sun (e.g., Gosling et al., 1991).
	www.oulu.fi /~spaceweb/textbook/storms.html (657 words)

	Earth hit by powerful geomagnetic storm - www.theage.com.au
		The most powerful geomagnetic storm possible walloped the Earth early today, knocking out some airline communications but apparently causing no large power outages or other major problems.
		But the storm may produce colourful auroras in the northern night sky visible as far south as El Paso, Texas.
		The last time a G5 storm hit Earth was in 1989, which damaged the power grid and caused electrical flouts in the Canadian province of Quebec.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2003/10/30/1067233287141.html?from=top5 (825 words)

	STEREO/IMPACT E/PO - News + Events (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sky watchers in northern Europe, Canada and northern US states (where night is falling as the geomagnetic storm intensifies) should therefore be alert for auroras.
		May 23, 2002 A geomagnetic storm is underway on Thursday, May 23rd, after a coronal mass ejection struck Earth's magnetic field earlier and with greater energy than anticipated.
		Although the shock wave was not a particularly strong one, it stimulated a geomagnetic storm because the interplanetary magnetic field near Earth is pointing south -- a condition that weakens our planet's magnetic defenses against solar wind disturbances.
	cse.ssl.berkeley.edu /impact/news2002.html (934 words)

	ScienceDaily: USGS Reports Geomagnetic Storm In Progress (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Geomagnetic Storms May Kick Off The New Millennium (December 30, 1999) -- As though there weren't enough uncertainty about what's going to happen with Y2K, yet another possible problem could occur on that historic transition in time - a geomagnetic storm.
		Storm Warning: Physicist Predicts Solar Damage (March 13, 2000) -- Australia's new national power grid and hundreds of satellites orbiting the Earth may have survived a particle explosion in last month's solar storm, but they may not be so lucky next...
		Winter storm -- A winter storm is a type of precipitation in which the dominant varieties of precipitation are forms that only occur at cold temperatures, such as snow or sleet, or a rainstorm where ground...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/1998/08/980828074001.htm (1720 words)

	NGDC/WDC STP, Boulder-Geomagnetic Storm Sudden Commencement Data via FTP from NGDC
		Geomagnetic Storm Sudden Commencements (SSCs) and Solar Flare Effects (sfe) measurements are provided by Observatorio del Ebro, Roquetas, Spain.
		The old definition, that an ssc is a sudden commencement of a magnetic storm, is now changed into sudden commencements followed by a magnetic storm or by an increase in activity lasting at least one hour.
		PDF versions of the monthly Principal Magnetic Storm tables that appear in the monthly report Solar-Geophysical Data (SGD) are available from the year 2000 to the present.
	www.ngdc.noaa.gov /stp/SOLAR/ftpSSC.html (598 words)

	USATODAY.com - Geomagnetic storm to hit Earth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The storm was expected to be most severe Friday, though experts said they didn't anticipate problems with communication networks.
		The storm, called a "coronal mass ejection," is a mass of solar gas that swept toward Earth at 2 million mph.
		The usual cycle for such a storm is every 11 years; this one was expected to hit three years ago.
	www.usatoday.com /weather/news/2003-10-24-geo-storm_x.htm (364 words)

	Utility Programs for Geomagnetic Field Studies - Dst
		During a typical geomagnetic storm the magnetic field is depressed (H component is negative) everywhere in the middle and lower latitudes of the Earth.
		The user can either select from ten sample geomagnetic storms or enter hourly magnitudes of the H component of field through the main phase and recovery phase of a storm (i.e., enter the storm-time depression of H as positive values).
		This symmetry allows the prediction of storm decay (geomagnetic storm recovery phase) from the storm value rise to maximum (geomagnetic storm main phase).
	www.ngdc.noaa.gov /seg/geom_util/dst.shtml (385 words)

	Severe Geomagnetic Storm Research Project: - Above Top Secret Conspiracy Community
		The geomagnetic field was inactive to unsettled on November 2.
		The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet to active on November 3-6 due to effects from CH195.
		The geomagnetic field is expected to be unsettled to minor storm on November 30 - December 2 due to a high speed stream from CH200.
	www.abovetopsecret.com /forum/thread166952/pg7 (2665 words)

	Big Storm Intervals in Solar Cycles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The chart portrays the fact that severe geomagnetic and auroral storm intervals can occur at almost any time during the solar cycle, but there is a slightly heavier preference for the years around the solar maximum and during the declining years of the solar cycle.
		In fact, this 1941 storm occurred during a time when the sun was closer to the solar minimum than the solar maximum.
		Severe geomagnetic storms have also occurred within just a few months of the Sun's actual solar minimum as well, which confirms the fact that significant space weather activity can occur at any time during the solar cycle.
	www.spacew.com /swim/bigstorm.html (679 words)

	NBC 15 :: Close to Home - Major Geomagnetic Storm Heads Toward Earth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A major electromagnetic storm from a solar flare was headed toward Earth Monday, possibly causing power distribution, cell phone outages and other problems.
		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration forecasters in Boulder, Colo., observed the eruption of the geomagnetic storm Sunday and classified it as an extreme event.
		Such a geomagnetic storm might result in widespread power system voltage control problems on Earth, while some electrical grid systems might experience a complete collapse or flouts, according to NOAA.
	www.wpmi.com /news/weird/story.aspx?content_id=E0A9597E-C146-420F-9065-49F00C94BB72 (184 words)

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