George H Hitchings

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	George Herbert Hitchings - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about George Herbert Hitchings
		George Herbert Hyde Villiers, 6th Earl of Clarendon
		In the 1970s, Hitchings and Elion's research produced an antiviral compound, acyclovir, active against the herpes virus, which preceded the development by Burroughs Wellcome of AZT, the anti-AIDS compound.
		US pharmacologist who was awarded a Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988, with his co-worker Gertrude Elion, for their work on the principles governing the design of new drug treatment.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /George+Herbert+Hitchings (308 words)

	I1278: George Albert WILSON, Jr. ( 24 Aug 1840 - )
		On 17 November 1838 George Wilson married Lydia Hitchings, who is remembered as a tall and handsome woman.
		George was not a farmer; he bought 100 acreas half-way between St. Andrews and Fredericton, the captial of the province, and there he had an inn, stagecoach stables, tinsmithy, etc., and travelers going from St. Andrews port to the capital stayed there.
		George Wilson died ca 1885 and was buried on his own property at Dumbarton.
	cotati.sjsu.edu /cockrill/d0001/I1278.html (308 words)

	1988 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Medicine - Sir James W. Black, Gertrude B. Elion, George H. Hitchings
		November 8 - U.S. presidential election, 1988: George Herbert Walker Bush is elected over Michael Dukakis.
		January 7 - Trevor Howard, British actor (b.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1988 (2400 words)

	Gairdner Foundation International Award - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		1968 Bruce Chown, James L. Gowans, George H. Hitchings, Jacques Oudin, J.
		1967 Christian DeDuve, Marshall W. Nirenberg, George E. Palade, Julius Axelrod, Sidney Udenfriend, D.
		1986 Jean-Francois Borel, James E. Darnell, Philip A. Sharp, Adolfo J. de Bold, T.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gairdner_Foundation_International_Award (807 words)

	"H" Famous People
		Hitchings, George H(erbert) (1905-98) Biochemist and pharmacologist, born in Hoquiam, Washington USA.
		Harewood, George Henry Hubert Lascelles, 7th Earl of (1923-) Elder son of Princess Mary, and cousin of Queen Elizabeth II...
		Haussmann, Georges Eug�ne, Baron (1809-91) Financier and town planner, born in Paris, France.
	www.jonathanselby.com /Hfam (807 words)

	Gairdner Foundation International Award - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		1968 Bruce Chown, James L. Gowans, George H. Hitchings, Jacques Oudin, J.
		1979 Sir James W. Black, George F. Cahill Jr.
		1967 Christian DeDuve, Marshall W. Nirenberg, George E. Palade, Julius Axelrod, Sidney Udenfriend, D.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gairdner_Foundation_International_Award (807 words)

	USATODAY.com - More than two decades of Nobel Prize winners in medicine
		1988: Sir James W. Black, Britain, research that led to beta-blocker drug for heart disease and drug for peptic ulcers; and Gertrude B. Elion and George H. Hitchings, United States, research leading to drugs for AIDS, herpes, leukemia and malaria.
		1980: George D. Snell and Baruj Benacerraf, United States, and Jean Dausset, France, work on genetically determined structures on cell surfaces that regulate immunological reactions.
		1984: Niels K. Jerne, Denmark and Georges J.F. Koehler, Germany, and Cesar Milstein, Britain and Argentina, studies in immunology.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2002-10-07-nobel-list_x.htm (732 words)

	"H" Famous People
		Hitchings, George H(erbert) (1905-98) Biochemist and pharmacologist, born in Hoquiam, Washington USA.
		Harewood, George Henry Hubert Lascelles, 7th Earl of (1923-) Elder son of Princess Mary, and cousin of Queen Elizabeth II...
		Hobday, Sir Frederick (George Thomas) (1870-1939) British veterinarian.
	www.jonathanselby.com /Hfam (732 words)

	Nobel Prizes on Encyclopedia.com
		Gertrude B. Elion George H. Hitchings Sir James Black
		Manfred Eigen Ronald George Wreyford Norrish George Porter
		Albert Claude George Emil Palade Christian de Duve
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/N/NoblP1rzT1A1B1L1E1.asp (452 words)

	Name File
		Hirsch, W. Hirschboeck, John S. Hirschfelder, Joseph O. Hirst, George K. Hitch, Charles J. Hitchings, George H. Hjelmeland, Larry
		Pahl, Herbert B. Paine, Thomas O. Painter, Theophilus S. Pake, George E. Paley, Henry D. Palo Alto Medical Foundation
		Brewer, George J. Bridgen, Pamela J. Bridgers, William F. Bridges, J. Briggs, G. Briggs, Robert
	lhncbc.nlm.nih.gov /MetadataExperiment/nameauthority.html (452 words)

	Gertrude B. Elion -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Elion, Gertrude B. American pharmacologist who, along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs used to treat several major diseases.
		Elion, Gertrude B. pharmacologist Gertrude B. Elion received the Nobel prize for physiology or medicine in 1988 along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black.
		U.S. pharmacologist Gertrude B. Elion received the Nobel prize for physiology or medicine in 1988 along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9322341?tocId=9322341 (750 words)

	Gertrude B. Elion -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Elion, Gertrude B. American pharmacologist who, along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs used to treat several major diseases.
		Elion, Gertrude B. pharmacologist Gertrude B. Elion received the Nobel prize for physiology or medicine in 1988 along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black.
		U.S. pharmacologist Gertrude B. Elion received the Nobel prize for physiology or medicine in 1988 along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9322341?tocId=9322341 (750 words)

	PORTRAITS OF SCIENCE: Damn the Torpedoes. Full Speed Ahead! -- McGrayne 296 (5569): 851 -- Science
		Here, Elion worked with George Hitchings, who was developing a scientific approach to drug discovery based on a knowledge of cell growth.
		Elion's close collaboration with Hitchings had its cost.
		When the Nobel Committee wondered whether Elion should share a Nobel Prize with Hitchings, her academic supporters pointed to her early articles, where she was first author, and to her antiviral work, conducted after Hitchings' retirement.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/full/296/5569/851 (750 words)

	[Martin Rodbell, George H. Hitchings, and Gertrude B. Elion] (October 1994)
		[Martin Rodbell, George H. Hitchings, and Gertrude B. Elion] (October 1994)
		[Martin Rodbell, George H. Hitchings, and Gertrude B. Elion]
		Hitchings and Elion were co-winners--along with James W. Black--of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1988.
	profiles.nlm.nih.gov /GG/A/A/C/C (77 words)

	Lemelson Center’s Invention at Play: Inventors’ Stories
		Elion shared her 1988 Nobel Prize in medicine with George Hitchings, who hired her as a $50-a-week assistant in 1944.
		Elion and George Hitchings in their chemistry lab in 1948
		Gertrude Elion, a pioneer in drug development, is one of the few women to have won a Nobel Prize.
	www.inventionatplay.org /inventors_eli.html (198 words)

	Lemelson Center’s Invention at Play: Inventors’ Stories
		Elion shared her 1988 Nobel Prize in medicine with George Hitchings, who hired her as a $50-a-week assistant in 1944.
		Elion and George Hitchings in their chemistry lab in 1948
		Gertrude Elion, a pioneer in drug development, is one of the few women to have won a Nobel Prize.
	www.inventionatplay.org /inventors_eli.html (198 words)

	Elion, Gertrude Belle -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Elion, Gertrude B. American pharmacologist who, along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs used to treat several major diseases.
		Elion, Gertrude B. pharmacologist Gertrude B. Elion received the Nobel prize for physiology or medicine in 1988 along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black.
		American swimmer Gertrude Ederle was the first woman to swim across the English Channel, a feat she accomplished on Aug. 6, 1926.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9342286 (198 words)

	Search Results for Elion - Encyclopædia Britannica
		Autobiographical sketches of Sir James W. Black of England and Gertrude B. Elion and George H. Hitchings of the U.S. Features a press release on the occasion of their jointly winning the medicine prize "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment".
		Elion, Gertrude B. American pharmacologist who, along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs used to treat several...
		American pharmacologist who, along with Gertrude B. Elion and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs that became essential in...
	www.britannica.com /search?query=Elion&submit=Find&source=MWTAB (348 words)

	Black Scientific Inventors - goInvention.com
		in 1944) with George Hitchings and Sir James Black, with whom she...
		beginning in 1944) with George Hitchings and Sir James Black, with whom she...
		Black scientists and inventors It is beyond the province of this study to give an accounting of the many scientific inventions made, particularly during the last half of this century.
	www.goinvention.com /blackscientificinventors (348 words)

	Search Results for Elion - Encyclopædia Britannica
		Elion, Gertrude B. American pharmacologist who, along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs used to treat several...
		British pharmacologist who (along with George H. Hitchings and Gertrude B. Elion) received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for his development of two important drugs, propranolol...
		American pharmacologist who, along with Gertrude B. Elion and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs that became essential in...
	www.britannica.com /search?query=Elion&submit=Find&source=MWTAB (348 words)

	TUBITAK-GMBAE: 1950-1999 Nobel Odulleri Listesi
		"Sir James W. Black; Gertrude B. Elion; George H. Hitchings"George H. Hitchings
		Achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for the demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy.
		Fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle.
	www.rigeb.gov.tr /docs/nobel-50_99.html (348 words)

	CFBS Canadian Federation of Biological Societies
		The awards are made in honor of two pioneering scientists who played major roles in the Burroughs Wellcome Fund’s history--Gertrude B. Elion (1918-1999) and George H. Hitchings (1905-1998).
		Elion served on BWF’s Board of Directors from 1991 to 1999, and Dr. Hitchings served as BWF’s president from 1974 to 1990.
		Among their numerous professional honors, Dr. Elion and Dr. Hitchings shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for a series of scientific breakthroughs that revolutionized the world of drug design.
	www.cfbs.org /grants_cabs.html (4178 words)

	Super Scientists - Gertrude B. Elion
		She went on to earn a masters degree in chemistry at New York University before going to work for George Hitchings.
		The world's first medication that could kill a virus, which Elion and Hitchings developed together, is often used to treat herpes.
		Elion eventually became a partner with Hitchings doing biochemical research.
	www.energyquest.ca.gov /scientists/elion.html (4178 words)

	Gertrude B. Elion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Unable to obtain a graduate research position due to her sex, she worked as a lab assistant and a high school teacher, before becoming an assistant to George H. Hitchings at the Burroughs-Wellcome pharmaceutical company (now GlaxoSmithKline).
		Rather than relying on trial-and-error, Elion and Hitchings used the differences in biochemistry between normal human cells and pathogens (disease-causing agents) to design drugs that could kill or inhibit the reproduction of particular pathogens without harming the host cells.
		She never obtained a Ph.D. Working alone as well as with Hitchings, Elion developed a multitude of new drugs, using innovative research methods that would later lead to the development of the AIDS drug AZT.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion (4178 words)

	Triangle Community
		The 2004 George H. Hitchings New Investigator Awards in Biomedical Research, which support Triangle-area graduate students, went to Seth Margolis and Yee Lam.
		Hitchings and Elion, co-recipients of the 1988 Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine for their critical insight that drugs interfering with DNA and RNA metabolism could provide routes to cures for cancer and infectious diseases, were strong supporters of BWF and tireless advocates of young scientists.
		Hitchings also was instrumental in the 1983 launch of the Triangle Community Foundation and donated his Nobel Prize money to the organization in 1989.
	www.bwfund.org /focus/winter%202004/Triangle%20Community.html (4178 words)

	The Hindu : Laureates in medicine: Down memory lane
		1988 SIR JAMES W. ELION and GEORGE H. HITCHINGS for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment.
		1934 GEORGE HOYT WHIPPLE, GEORGE RICHARDS MINOT and WILLIAM PARRY MURPHY for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia.
		1981 ROGER W. SPERRY for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres, and DAVID H.
	www.hinduonnet.com /2001/10/25/stories/08250005.htm (1919 words)

	Gertrude
		After years of temporary or unpaid jobs, in 1944 she finally obtained a research position in the laboratory of Dr. George Hitchings, at Burroughs Wellcome, in Tuckahoe, N.Y. Hitchings was working on the problem of creating antimetabolites to DNA structural bases as a means to interfere with the cell division of cancer cells.
		Gertrude Elion was 32-years old when she synthesized the revolutionary drugs 6-mercaptopurine and thioguanine which were effective against leukemia.
		When I first wrote a letter to Dr. Gertrude B. Elion in July of 1998 inviting her to come to speak at a poster session presented by the Association for Women in Science of CentralOhio, I did not expect much.
	www.awisco.ohio-state.edu /Tributes.html (967 words)

	"2 Americans, Briton Win Nobel Prize in Medicine"
		Researchers Gertrude B. Elion, 70, and George H. Hitchings, 83, Monday were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine for research on celluar metabolism that began in the 1940s and produced some early chemotherapy drugs, as well as AZT and other antiviral agents.
		Elion and Hitchings worked together for Burroughs Wellcome Co. in Research Triangle, N.C., for more than 40 years.
		Research into how the metabolism of parasites, viruses, and bacteria differed from that of human cells led to the discovery of the anti-herpes drug acyclovir and AZT.
	www.aegis.com /news/ads/1988/AD880793.html (441 words)

	National Women's Hall of Fame - Women of the Hall
		Elion, working predominantly with George Hitchings, has created drugs to combat leukemia, gout, malaria, herpes and autoimmune disorders.
		She and Hitchings devised a system for designing drugs that led to the development of the AIDS drug AZT.
		Gertrude Elion is one of the nation's most distinguished research scientists, and her Nobel Prize in 1988 capped a career devoted to research to combat some of the world's most dangerous diseases.
	www.greatwomen.org /women.php?action=viewone&id=59 (274 words)

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