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	Essanay Studios - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Essanay Film Manufacturing Company was a motion picture studio founded in Chicago, Illinois by George K. Spoor and Broncho Billy Anderson under the name Essanay ("S and A").
		Louella Parsons was also hired as a screenwriter and went on to be a famous Hollywood Gossip Columnist.
		Both George K. Spoor (in 1948) and Broncho Billy Anderson (in 1958) received Oscars, specifically Academy Honorary Awards, for their Motion Picture Industry pioneering efforts with Essanay.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Essanay_Studios (343 words)

	"Broncho Billy" Anderson (1880â“1971) - Encyclopedia of Arkansas
		The two of them established Essanay Studios in 1907, the name being derived from a phonetic spelling of their initials, S and A. Anderson married Molly Louise Schabbleman in 1908, and the couple had one child, Maxine.
		Anderson signed Chaplin for the unheard of salary of $1,250 per week, plus a bonus of $10,000, but neither Spoor nor Chaplin were happy with the arrangement.
		Spoor was shocked by the salary, and Chaplin was not happy with either the Chicago or Niles studios and their regimented way of mass-producing films.
	www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net /encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=534 (921 words)

	Broncho Billy Anderson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He became the first cowboy star of movies through a large collection of silent shorts in which he was known as "Broncho Billy."
		In 1907, he and George K. Spoor founded Essanay Studios (S for spoor, A for anderson), one of the predominant early movie studios.
		Spoor stayed in Chicago running the company like a factory, while Anderson traveled the western United States by train with a film crew shooting movies.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Broncho_Billy_Anderson (617 words)

	Who's Who of Victorian Cinema (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		George K. Spoor opened an early and successful exhibition service, ultimately named Kinodrome, in Chicago in 1897.
		Primarily servicing vaudeville accounts throughout the Midwest and down the Mississippi Valley, Spoor was energetically in competition with 'Colonel' William Selig and his Polyscope service, but instead of making his own films he relied on supplies of pictures from others; before 1900 Edward Amet and later a variety of sources including Georges Méliès.
		In 1947 he was one of a small group of American pioneers (Thomas Armat, William Selig, Albert Smith) given a special Academy Award for their contributions to the development of motion pictures.
	www.victorian-cinema.net /spoor.htm (179 words)

	Main Section Layout (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Spoor agreed to the unheard-of salary of $750 a week, and Chaplin came to Chicago.
		Spoor, also, was having major problems with the now ragingly famous Charlie Chaplin.
		When Spoor issued an ultimatum and Chaplin walked out the door, the fate of Essanay was sealed.
	www.dramaticpublishing.com /Essanay.html (882 words)

	1907: Hollywood by the Lake
		Out of offices at 62 N. Clark, Spoor was renting all the film he could get his hands on to vaudeville houses, traveling shows and that new storefront phenomenon, the nickelodeons.
		But Spoor helped change that in 1915 by luring Chaplin to Chicago from Keystone Studios in Los Angeles for $1,250 a week, a salary at the time second only to Mary Pickford's.
		Spoor, who was being clobbered by West Coast studios willing to pay higher salaries for stars, closed the doors that year, leaving the motion picture business with an estimated $4 million fortune.
	www.suntimes.com /century/m1907.html (739 words)

	Antiques and the Arts Forum
		George K. Spoor was her uncle...so Mary, her aunt.
		Mary Louise Spoor was born in Waukegan in 1887.
		Her parents were Marvin Spoor (born in Arcadia, NY, 1839) and Catherine Stressinger (born in Buffalo, NY 1853).
	www.antiquesandthearts.com /forumresponse.asp?var=93&var2=8 (5316 words)

	Who's Who of Victorian Cinema
		George K. Spoor, then manager of Waukegan's Phoenix Opera House, provided some small financial assistance and the projector was completed successfully, with shows at local venues.
		According to Ramsaye the projector was named the Magniscope by its distributor George Kleine, then a dealer in lantern slides and related goods, and by Sept 1896 was on sale in the Chicago area.
		Spoor developed a Magniscope distribution circuit of about 120 theatres in the Midwest.
	www.victorian-cinema.net /amet.htm (380 words)

	Encyclopedia of Chicago
		Spoor, George K. b Dec. 18, 1871, Highland Park, IL; d Nov. 24, 1953, Chicago.
		Spoor, John A. b Sept. 30, 1851, Freehold, NY; d Oct. 15, 1926, Chicago.
		Stigler, George J. b Jan. 17, 1911, Renton, WA; d Dec. 1, 1991, Chicago.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /browse/bioS.html (3492 words)

	Details...
		Cast: 11 characters (with 2 actors doubling.) Sounds of Silents is a celebration of the birth of movies and the early days of the famous Essanay silent film studio, whose illustrious celluloid stars included Wallace Beery, Gloria Swanson and Charlie Chaplin.
		Setting up Essanay Studios in Chicago, founders George K. Spoor and “Broncho Billy” Anderson at first have a difficult time finding actors willing to be seen in movies, considered “intellectually inferior” to vaudeville.
		But with success come problems, including jealousies from original Essanay actors left behind in the throes of “Chaplinitis.” A rift forms between Spoor and Anderson which grows more serious when it is found out that Chaplin is looking to get out of his contract.
	www.dramaticpublishing.com /catalogdetail.cfm?listcode=SH4 (203 words)

	Amazon.ca: Broncho Billy and the Essanay Film Company: Books: David Kiehn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In 1907, he found a financial patron in George K. Spoor, a Chicago businessman who agreed to partner him in the founding of the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company.
		Leaving Spoor in Chicago to build Essanay’s studio-bound output, Anderson headed west and more or less took over the tiny town of Niles (now part of Fremont, CA).
		Chaplin retained a rare warm spot in his heart for Anderson, because it was Anderson who gave him the artistic freedom to develop the character of the Little Tramp.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0972922652 (1025 words)

	THE AMERICAN WESTERN MOVIE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The chase is poor and the final shootout almost laughable – but when George Barnes as one of the desperadoes appears onscreen in closeup and fires his revolver repeatedly into the camera, a box office smash was born.
		Porter paid him fifty cents an hour to play several bit roles (such as the passenger shot down trying to escape and the robber who falls wounded off his horse.) Anderson decided to make a career of movies, learning on the job until he could make his own.
		But the character continued in new adventures week after week until a falling- out between Spoor and Anderson in 1915 led to the end of the series and the fading of both the character and Anderson's career after 375 silent short films.
	www.thezephyr.com /monson/bronchobilly.htm (566 words)

	Niles Tower
		In October of that year, Gilbert M. Anderson and George K. Spoor unceremoniuosly detrained without forewarning at SP's Niles depot - along with the other 50 members of their Essanay Film Manufacturing Company - and the California film industry was born.
		At the peak of the wave, Anderson - without consulting his partner Geoge K. Spoor - hired Charlie Chaplin, and this led to a falling-out that prompted Spoor to buy out Anderson, with the proviso that the latter not appear in a new film for two years.
		As things turned out, this was the end of Bronco Billy, but he again created a film tradition: that of the has-been.
	wx4.org /to/foam/sp/niles/tower.html (1588 words)

	Systems Information Resources: A Resource and Information Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		George M. Cohan's patriotic war song "Over There" is sung for the first time in New York where the crowd exhibits strong excitement.
		During his life he would patent 1,093 inventions, including the first practical incandescent electric lamp (1879) and his system to make electricity and distribute it to many places at the same time, and the earliest surviving copyrighted motion picture.
		The George Washington Bridge is completed at a cost of $59 million, and is opened to traffic on October 25th.
	www.2-sir.com /customers/Bustl.html (12988 words)

	Charlie Chaplin: Hollywood Renegade
		Spoor hoped that Chaplin would help restore Essanay's domination of film comedy, and authorized a company executive Jess Robbins to handle the Chaplin negotiations.
		Spoor stalled in an effort to gauge Chaplin's value to the company.
		While Spoor hesitated, Sydney Chaplin went to New York to find another studio that would be interested in sweetening the deal.
	www.cobbles.com /simpp_archive/charlie-chaplin_biography.htm (8557 words)

	Silent Star of August - Max Linder
		The rest of Linder's life was marked by periods of deep depressions, including nervous breakdown, and periods of creativity and more films.
		While in the hospital in 1916, he was visited by George K. Spoor, president of Essanay films.
		Having lost Chaplin, Spoor wanted Linder to "take his place" and offered him $5,000 per week to write, direct, and star in 12 three-reel comedies to be made in the studio's Chicago location.
	www.csse.monash.edu.au /~pringle/silent/ssotm/Aug96 (940 words)

	Learn more about our neighborhood and local lore...
		Essanay Studios, a very famous Uptown movie studio on Argyle Street, was started in 1907 by George K. Spoor, who was a movie pioneer who led in the development one of the very first movie projectors, and Gilbert M. "Broncho Billy" Anderson, the worlds first movie star.
		Spoor and Anderson used the "S" and the "A" from their last names to come up with the company name, Essanay Studios.
		The first Sherlock Holmes movie, starring William Gillette (the first Shirlock Holmes), Edward Fielding (the first Dr. Watson), and Ernest Maupain (the first Professor Moriarity) was filmed at the Argyle Street Studios.
	mmneighbors.com /page2.html (1973 words)

	What They Really Get
		The really big money that has been made and is being made in the motion picture industry- always aside from Mary Pickford's remarkable salary- is being made by the manufacturers and owners of big blocks of stock in film companies.
		Stuart Blackton, S. Lubin, W.N. Selig, Carl Laemmle, George Kleine and George K. Spoor are a few of the new crop of moving picture millionaires.
		Their earnings are very large, because in addition to their salaries they receive royalties on the films manufactured, or have large holdings in the companies.
	www.cinemaweb.com /silentfilm/bookshelf/2_theyg1.htm (2335 words)

	New York State Writers Institute - Charlie Chaplin's Shorts from Essanay Studios, Vol 2, Film Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The dispute became public, and G.M. Anderson and George K. Spoor (their initials made up Essanay's name) offered Chaplin an astounding $1200 a week, and the opportunity to make fewer films.
		At first, Chaplin was dismayed by working conditions at Mutual, which, until his arrival, had thought of itself, in the words of the dean of Chaplin scholars, David Robinson, "a film factory," paying little attention to its artists.
		The relationship between he and Spoor and Anderson would explode in a lawsuit over a film called Charlie Chaplin's Burlesque on Carmen, a film largely carpentered together by Essanay to take advantage of the gigantic demand for Chaplin films, a demand which had increased geometrically in the first months of his contract at Essanay.
	www.albany.edu /writers-inst/fns03n13.html (2786 words)

	Gilbert M. Anderson
		He soon moved to the Selig Polyscope company until 1907 when he teamed up with George K. Spoor to form the famous Essanay company -- created by combining the first letters of their last names.
		Among the illustrious stars that worked for Essanay was Charlie Chaplin who, during his one year with Essanay, was able to perfect his Little Tramp character, imbuing him with more pathos than he was able to do at his previous studio, Keystone.
		Chaplin left Essanay in 1916; soon after, Anderson sold his interest in the studio to Spoor and retired.
	www.djangomusic.com /actor_bio.asp?pid=P+79612 (416 words)

	Uptown Chicago Commission
		Chicago was poised to be the film capital of the country, and the Northeast Side neighborhood of Uptown was a parading-ground for silent film stars Gloria Swanson, Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford.
		Essanay Studios---run by filmmaker George K. Spoor and Gilbert "Billy Bronco" Anderson, the first cowboy star---had its headquarters on Argyle between Magnolia and Clark.
		Then Balaban and Katz enlisted the same architects, C.W. Rapp and George L. Rapp, to build a lavish theater closer to Broadway and Lawrence.
	www.uptownchicagocommission.org /jul_03.html (1654 words)

	Plainview Daily Herald - News - Back In Time
		•George Edwin McWhirter will receive his master 2/3s degree on June 8 at Texas.
		2, 1936: George W. Whitfield, who has served as county commisioner Precinct 1 for eight years, has announced his candidacy of Hale County.
		George Temple, says it will be a few years before she.
	www.zwire.com /site/news.asp?brd=517&pag=460&dept_id=473050 (6051 words)

	History : Content : A History of Tinseltown
		By the end of the first decade, the movie frenzy had caught fire in Chicago, with many key future players getting in on what was quickly evolving into a lucrative game.
		The Chicago entrepreneurs consisted of George Kliene, George K. Spoor, and Colonel Selig.
		Kliene would become the K of the future movie company K.L.M. (who were the first to shoot in Hollywood, with its 1907 Count of Monte Cristo) and Spoor would go on to become the 'S' in the Essanay Company, which would become synonymous with the early Western.
	www.historytelevision.ca /content/ContentDetail.aspx?Contentid=140 (4669 words)

	Film History Before 1920
		Essanay Studios - formed in 1907 in Chicago, Illinois by George K. Spoor and Gilbert A. "Bronco Billy" Anderson (known as the first western movie star).
		The company had signed a contract with George Eastman for the exclusive rights to his supply of famed film stock.
		The trend toward larger, opulent 'picture palaces', to cater to increasing upper-class audiences, was exemplified by the opening of the 3,000-seat Strand in New York's Times Square in 1914.
	www.filmsite.org /pre20sintro2.html (3331 words)

	Special Collections Manuscripts - Margaret Herrick Library - Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
		Two dozen film programs (including one for the 1926 Don Juan) are supplemented by an early 1900s Animatiscope program, a 1937 George Gershwin memorial concert program, and a 1936 program honoring Louis Lumière at the London Polytechnic School of Kinematography.
		Among the 160 magazines are miscellaneous issues of Vitagraph Life Portrayals, 1912-1914, and individual issues of Amateur Movie Makers, 1927; Motion Picture Magazine, 1914; The Photoplayers Weekly, 1915; and Movie Life, 1961.
		A small amount of correspondence is highlighted by a 1911 letter from George K. Spoor on Essanay letterhead.
	www.oscars.org /mhl/sc/hollywood_71.html (1590 words)

	The Bat Whispers in 65mm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		While the restoration of "The Bat Whispers" got a fair amount of coverage and study twenty years ago, there has been virtually no commentary on "The Bat Whispers".
		George Turner, who had apparently never seen the wide film version, dismissed it as a photographed play done in full shots from the equivalent of front row center, an opinion based on production stills.
		Today, "The Bat Whispers" does seem an odd choice for a large, wide film/screen production, but one has to look at the situation in early 1930, primarily with regard to sound.
	www.in70mm.com /news/2005/bat/whispers.htm (909 words)

	Special Collections Manuscripts - Margaret Herrick Library - Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
		The Selig Polyscope Company stopped making films in 1918, but Colonel Selig continued producing into the 1930s; The Drag-Net (1936) and Convicts at Large (1938) were the last films credited to him.
		Selig received a 1947 Special Academy Award along with Albert E. Smith, Thomas Armat, and George K. Spoor for being a pioneer in the developing art of motion pictures.
		The William Selig Collection spans the years 1857-1979 (bulk 1900-1923) and encompasses 15 linear feet.
	www.oscars.org /mhl/sc/selig_162.html (751 words)

	Rotten Tomatoes Forums - Academy Award Mistakes
		1948 - William Nicholas Selig; Albert E. Smith; Thomas Armat; George K. Spoor - (One of) the small group of pioneers whose belief in a new medium, and whose contributions to its development, blazed the trail along which the motion picture has progressed, in their lifetime, from obscurity to world-wide acclaim.
		1951 - George Murphy - For his services in interpreting the film industry to the country at large.
		1953 - George Alfred Mitchell - For the design and development of the camera which bears his name and for his continued and dominant presence in the field of cinematography.
	www.rottentomatoes.com /vine/showthread.php?t=465728&page=1 (4123 words)

	KCET Online - About - Station History
		By 1917, however, the property that is now KCET had changed hands several more times.
		In 1913, Lubin sold the property to the Chicago-based Essanay Company, named for the management team of George K. Spoor and Western film icon Gilbert M. "Broncho Billy" Anderson ("S and A").
		Anderson was one of the first Western silent film icons, starring in an astonishing 231 films made between 1903 and 1919.
	www.kcet.org /about/station-history/index.php?ID=1 (1112 words)

	Books in Review - March 1999
		The first appears to have been The Tramp and the Dog, filmed in 1896 by Col. William Selig, founder of the Selig Polyscope Company.
		The city was also home to such pioneer studios as Essanay (pronounced "S and A," representing founders George K. Spoor and Max Aronson), which still stands on West Argyle Street with its name emblazoned above the doorway, as well as the Peerless Film Manufacturing Co., the American Film Manufacturing Co. and several others.
		Chicago was also the stomping ground of the first Western star: Essanay co–owner Max Aronson, who produced, directed and starred in many Broncho Billy oaters under the screen name "G.W. Anderson."
	www.theasc.com /magazine/mar99/books/index.htm (878 words)

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