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	Santayana - MSN Encarta
		George Santayana (1863-1952), American philosopher, poet, and novelist, whose wide-ranging philosophical speculation was expressed in a style of great literary distinction.
		Santayana was born in Madrid, Spain, December 16, 1863.
		Santayana systematically developed his ethical philosophy in his first major work, The Life of Reason (5 volumes, 1905-6), in which he attempted to unify science, art, and religion on a naturalistic basis by interpreting each as a different but equally valid mode of symbolism.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761560883 (415 words)

	George Santayana - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		George Santayana (16 December 1863 in Madrid, Spain – 26 September 1952 in Rome, Italy), was a philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist.
		Santayana's main philosophical work consists of his first book, The Sense of Beauty, perhaps the first major work on aesthetics written in the USA, the five volume The Life of Reason, the high point of his Harvard career, and the four volume The Realms of Being.
		Although Santayana is not deemed a canonical pragmatist in the mold of James, Charles Peirce, Royce, or John Dewey, The Life of Reason arguably forms the first extended treatment of pragmatism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/George_Santayana (1165 words)

	George Santayana (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		Santayana concludes that if one attempts to find the bedrock of certainty, one may rest his claim only after he has, at least theoretically, recognized that knowledge is composed of instances of awareness that in themselves do not contain the prerequisites for knowledge, i.e., concepts, universals, or essences.
		Santayana's focus is on the individual, and the role of the state is to protect and to enable the individual to flourish.
		But Santayana is not interested in an historical or doctrinal explication of the elements of traditional religion, rather the philosophical task is to discern the elements giving rise to such traditional views, and, in his own case, to explicate the aspects of these origins without the dogmatism of traditional religious belief.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/santayana (8644 words)

	George Santayana Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		George Santayana (1863-1952), Spanish and American philosopher, developed a personal form of critical realism that was skeptical, materialistic, and humanistic.
		Santayana's materialism, the foundation of his philosophy, was the conviction that matter is the source of everything; he held that there are purely natural or materialistic causes of all the phenomena of existence.
		Santayana wrote, "We are creatures and not creators." This important feature of his thought is clear in his conception of essences, which he defined as the obvious features that distinguish facts from each other.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/george-santayana (1177 words)

	George Santayana
		Santayana's lectures on the philosophy of history formed the foundation of THE LIFE OF REASON (1905-06), a response to Hegel's Phenomenology of Mind and an interpretation of the role of reason in manifold activities of the human spirit.
		Santayana argued that happiness is the good for humankind and is best secured by the harmonization of our various interests by the use of reason.
		Santayana lived in America until he was 50 years old, and then started his life as a "wandering scholar." In 1912, after the death of his mother, he moved to Europe, living three years in England, then in France, and moving finally to Rome (1925-52).
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /santayan.htm (1159 words)

	AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY: Recent American Thought - 1
		George Santayana (picture) was born in Madrid, Spain, on December 16, 1863 and died September 26, 1952 and was an influential philosopher, poet, and literary critic.
		Santayana's philosophical naturalism is systematized in his later, more ontologically directed work in terms of four major realms (his term) of being: essence, matter, spirit, and truth.
		Santayana maintains that we may never be certain of the existence of extra-mental things; reason cannot justify their existence, and hence Skepticism is inevitable.
	radicalacademy.com /amphilosophy8.htm (2425 words)

	Santayana, George. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The contradiction is partly understandable as resulting from his view of the mind as being firmly placed in and responsive to a physical, biological context, and his simultaneous emphasis on and high evaluation of the mind’s rational and imaginative vision of physical reality.
		Santayana’s earlier work is marked by a psychological approach to the life of the mind.
		The whole of Santayana’s philosophic writing displays a characteristic richness of style; he also wrote poetry, a volume of which appeared in 1923.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sn/Sntyan.html (505 words)

	eReader.com: Excerpt from George Santayana
		It was springtime in Paris when George Santayana, the distinguished professor of philosophy at Harvard University, sat down to write the most important letter of his life, one he had long dreamed of writing.
		Santayana's decision to resign a full professorship at one of America's oldest and most acclaimed institutions of learning at the height of his brilliant career shocked and puzzled many.
		Santayana had deep divisions within his being, but perhaps it was these very divisions that, in equipoise, made for a rich, fulfilling, and surprising life.
	www.ereader.com /product/book/excerpt/10664?book=George_Santayana (1072 words)

	The Infidels - George Santayana
		George Santayana, was a philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist.
		Santayana's main philosophical work consists of his first book, The Sense of Beauty, perhaps the first major work on aesthetics written in the USA, the five volume The Life of Reason, the high point of his Harvard career, and the four volume The Realms of Being.
		Although Santayana is not deemed a canonical pragmatist in the mold of James, Charles Peirce, Royce, or John Dewey, The Life of Reason arguably forms the first extended treatment of pragmatism.
	www.theinfidels.org /zunb-georgesantayana.htm (914 words)

	Richard Butler: George Santayana: Catholic Atheist
		George had a difficult time because he had to start in grammar school and learn a new language, one in which he was to excel as a literary giant.
		Here Santayana stayed to the end of his life, comfortable and cared for, respected by the staff as "the professor." He was loved by the Blue Sisters as "the poor old man" who lived in their midst in a sort of spiritual isolation, admiring but not sharing the faith that inspired them.
		George Santayana presents the classic case of the confused skeptic who hesitatingly stands (in his own words) "at the church door." Like him, many today are at the same stage of their spiritual life.
	www.spiritualitytoday.org /spir2day/863843butler.html (6255 words)

	Dan Miller: "Harvard, We Have a Problem"
		George Santayana was not at the forefront of this opposition.
		Santayana found this sublimation of beauty to practicality in both the increasing number of students shunning a liberal arts education and in professors more concerned with their specific branch of research than the quality of their teaching.
		Santayana had a bone to pick with Eliot, but the president whose mission it was to attract prestige could not alone be blamed for Santayana's carefully-crafted pose as a party of one.
	etext.lib.virginia.edu /journals/EH/EH38/Miller.html (9747 words)

	George Santayana by Roger Kimball
		Santayana strove to regard the entire world as a thing of beauty, which is to say a source of pleasure.
		In the 1890s, one of Santayana’s colleagues at Harvard noted that “Santayana impressed us as an onlooker in the world more than a sharer in its struggle.” It was an impression that Santayana was careful to cultivate, and it nurtured the reputation he had (despite his conspicuous financial generosity) for emotional chilliness.
		Santayana, if I dropped dead in front of you at this moment, would you be emotionally moved at all?” To which Santayana replied: “You should not ask me personal questions.” Santayana later added that he had known Russell “long ago,” etc., but the impression of glacial noli me tangere persisted.
	www.newcriterion.com /archive/20/feb02/santayana.htm (4481 words)

	Santayana, George on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		George Santayana on liberalism and the spiritual life.(Conservative Minds Revisited)(American philosopher and poet)(Critical Essay)
		First Time Sale of Library on Terrorism, Announces 4Terrorism; As George Santayana once said, 'Those who fail to learn the lessons of the past are condemned to repeat them.'.
		The male villain as domestic tyrant in Daniel Deronda: Victorian masculinities and the cultural context of George Eliot's novel.(Critical Essay)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/s/sntyan.asp (707 words)

	Modern Age: George Santayana on liberalism and the spiritual life
		Santayana was born in Madrid to parents who separated only a few years after his birth.
		In fact, Santayana was not especially attached to anyone or any place, perhaps because of his unusual position as an outsider--a Spaniard and a lapsed (or lapsing) Catholic in a predominantly Protestant environment.
		Santayana was uninterested in changing the world; the world as it stood was quite adequate for his purposes.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0354/is_4_45/ai_n6143383 (1286 words)

	George Santayana + Ludwig van Beethoven
		It was on this date, December 16, 1863, that American philosopher George Santayana was born in Madrid, Spain, to freethinking parents who, nonetheless, sent him to Catholic school.
		Santayana became professor of philosophy at Harvard University from 1889, but he eventually found the academic's life unsatisfactory and he left it for Europe in 1912.
		Santayana, the atheist who thought religion should be studied like poetry, died 26 September 1952 and was buried, at his request, in a section of Rome's Catholic Cemetery reserved for Spaniards.
	www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com /rants/1216almanac.htm (609 words)

	George Santayana and the Critique of Liberalism - John Gray
		Although the chief reason for neglect of his ideas probably lies in the circumstances of his own life, both the style and the substance of his philosophy go against the current of twentieth-century sensibility, and whatever echoes his philosophical writings had among his contemporaries have long since faded into silence.
		The neglect of Santayana's work by professional philosophers and by educated opinion makers is unfortunate for many reasons.
		And though his work never formed part of any recognized tradition or school, Santayana's contributions to a range of philosophical disciplines--the theory of knowledge and skepticism, metaphysics, and ethics--still contain something from which we can learn, if only we are ready to read him with intellectual sympathy.
	www.worldandi.com /specialreport/1989/february/Sa15658.htm (230 words)

	William G. Holzberger ed., Herman J. Saatkamp Jr. ed. - The Letters of George Santayana Book One, [1868]-1909 and Vol. ...
		Such doubt is surely correct for the letter to C.A. Strong, a philosopher and friend of Santayana, mentions Einstein and his theory of relativity but Einstein was only ten years old in 1889 and, as is well known, did not publish on the theory until 1905.
		Santayanaâs distinctive relativism is already in place as indicated in a number of letters particularly to Ward Abbot in 1887.
		One final example may suffice to show the extent to which even as a very young man Santayana is already in possession of a subtle and comprehensive view which is consistently articulated throughout his life.
	ndpr.nd.edu /review.cfm?id=1286 (1470 words)

	23. The Elements of Poetry by George Santayana. Morley, Christopher, ed. 1921. Modern Essays
		George Santayana was born in Madrid in 1863, of Spanish parentage.
		I must be frank: except his poems, I only know his work in that enthralling volume, Little Essays Drawn from the Writings of George Santayana, edited by L. Pearsall Smith.
		Smith’s redaction brings the fascination of Santayana’s philosophy within the compass of what Tennyson called “a second-rate sensitive mind”; and, if mine is a criterion, such will find it of the highest stimulus.
	www.bartleby.com /237/23.html (594 words)

	FT February 2005: Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		• Santayana was a skeptic and an atheist, with the former tempering the stridency of the latter.
		Santayana said and wrote (usually in private correspondence) all the usual ugly things: Jews are aggressive, money-grubbing, irredeemably alien and subversive, and altogether in bad taste.
		Santayana’s favored term for his philosophy was “naturalism.” To inquire into the whence or wherefore of life is futile; it is enough that it is and is to be lived in its intensity.
	www.firstthings.com /ftissues/ft0502/articles/neuhaus.htm (3924 words)

	George Santayana Quotes - The Quotations Page
		Our character...is an omen of our destiny, and the more integrity we have and keep, the simpler and nobler that destiny is likely to be.
		George Santayana, Soliloquies in England, 1922, "War Shrines"
		Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.
	www.quotationspage.com /quotes/George_Santayana (619 words)

	Additional Reading (from George Santayana) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		George W. Howgate, George Santayana (1938, reissued 1971); and Daniel Cory, Santayana: The Later Years (1963), together provide a detailed biographical portrait that may be supplemented by the more recent works by John McCormick, George Santayana (1987); and John Lachs, George Santayana (1988).
		Of special interest among book-length studies of his moral philosophy are Willard E. Arnett, Santayana and the Sense of Beauty (1955, reissued 1969); Milton Karl Munitz, The Moral Philosophy of Santayana (1939, reissued 1972); Timothy L.S. Sprigge, Santayana (1974); and Anthony Woodward, Living in the Eternal: A Study of George Santayana (1988).
		The Spanish-born philosopher George Santayana made significant contributions to aesthetics—the study of beauty—as well as to literary criticism and modern speculative philosophy.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-6408 (866 words)

	George Santayana — Infoplease.com
		George Santayana: As in the Midst of Battle there is Room - As in the midst of battle there is room For thoughts of love, and in foul sin for mirth; As gossips whisper of a trinket's worth Spied by the death-be
		George Santayana: We needs must be divided in the Tomb - We needs must be divided in the tomb, For I would die among the hills of Spain, And o'er the treeless, melancholy plain Await the coming of the final
		George Santayana on liberalism and the spiritual life.(Conservative Minds Revisited)(American philosopher and poet)(Critical Essay)...
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0843578.html (267 words)

	George Santayana
		Santayana was a Spanish born American philosopher and poet.
		Santayana's five volumed The Life of Reason (1905-6) is "a landmark in the philosophy of history...
		The two books about Santayana that I have are The Philosophy of Santayana (New York: Scribner's, 1942), Vagabond Scholar by Bruno Lind (New York: Bridgehead, 1962) and Santayana: The Later Years, A Portrait with Letters by Daniel Cory (New York: Braziller, 1963).
	members.tripod.com /~poetry_pearls/eEPoets/Santayana.htm (188 words)

	Amazon.com: PERSONS AND PLACES (Hudson River Edition Series): Books: George Santayana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		While outwardly a successful émigré student, Santayana nursed deep anger against his mother (her portrait in these mémoires is devastating) and never forgave the slight done to his father, whose austere Castilian livelihood had not been able to compete with those Yankee greenbacks.
		Santayana studied at Harvard and in Germany and was aknowledged to be so brilliant he was offered a teaching post at Harvard when hardly out of graduate school.
		Santayana's successive promotions to eventual full-professorship were systematically delayed, notwithstanding his being one of the most celebrated members of the faculty.
	www.amazon.com /PERSONS-PLACES-Hudson-George-Santayana/dp/0684168308 (1620 words)

	A George Santayana Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		So long as full-text searchable, critical editions of Santayana's works are not widely available, the editor will likely continue to stray from the main goal of this web site, sporadically posting new topical pages of quotations as the mood dictates.
		Not very many critical editions of Santayana's major works have been completed, and those critical editions that have been published are expensive.
		The editor has not yet adopted the abbreviations of Santayana's works that are recommended by the Santayana Society, though this is certainly an effort worth undertaking at some point.
	members.aol.com /santayana (700 words)

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