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Topic: Geosynchronous satellite

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Geosynchronous orbit

Geostationary orbit

Inclined orbit

Satellite

Communications satellite

Molniya orbit

Low Earth orbit

Stationkeeping

Geosynchronous transfer orbit

Geosynchronous orbit derivation

Iridium (satellite)

Satellite television

Anik F1

Orbit

Delta IV

	Geosynchronous orbit
		A geosynchronous orbit may be defined as one with an orbital period (the time needed to orbit once around the Earth) that matches the rotation rate of the Earth.
		A satellite is in a geostationary orbit when it appears stationary from the point of view of an observer on the Earth's surface.
		Thus, a geosynchronous satellite will be geostationary only with the additional restrictions of it being in a circular orbit situated over the equator.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Dictionary/GEO_ORBIT/DI146.htm (163 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
		The GSLV or Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle was developed by India (Indian Space Research Organization) to launch satellites into geostationary orbit.
		The first operational flight was the launch of the EDUSAT communications satellite on 20th September 2004.
		U.S. military MILSTAR communications satellite A communications satellite (sometimes abbreviated to comsat) is an artificial satellite stationed in space for the purposes of telecommunications or reconnaisance using radio at microwave frequencies.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Geosynchronous-Satellite-Launch-Vehicle (0 words)

	Satellite TV Technical Information
		These satellites are in geosynchronous orbit, meaning that they rotate around the earth in the same direction as it is rotating, in order to stay directly above the area that they are broadcasting to.
		In order for the satellites to remain in orbit, there has to be a balance between the pull of the earth's gravity and the centripetal force of the satellite's orbit, which is pulling away from earth.
		The satellite signal, which is quite weak after traveling through space, is captured on earth by parabolic receiving dishes, which reflect the weak compressed signal to the focal point or center of the dish, is converted to a lower frequency, and then amplified by a low-noise block downconverter, or LNB.
	www.supersatelliteselection.com /satellite-tv-technical.htm (0 words)

	WeatherTAP :: Satellite Tutorial
		Although polar orbiting satellites have a high spatial resolution (depending on the satellite), the temporal resolution is poor compared to geostationary satellites.
		Essentially, the satellite's speed matches the speed of the Earth's rotation and the satellite appears to be stationary relative to a fixed point on the surface.
		An advantage of a geosynchronous satellite over a sun-synchronous satellite is that it can monitor the same area in a greater amount of time, thus improving the temporal resolution.
	www.weathertap.com /unprotected/static/satellite_tutorial.html (2226 words)

	Falsifying the Geosynchronous Sa
		(http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6701126-description.html p.6 of 24) It is further noted that this capability causes these “…satellites to appear to ‘hang’ in the sky because their angular velocity at or near apogee approximates the rotation rate of the earth” [at a given latitude].
		In the old days when one satellite conked out, they would move a good one in the direction of the bad one just far enough so that the traffic from both directions could still be handled.
		Based on the fact that other satellites orbit the earth, it is natural—without thinking of the complications of making these geosynchronous --to jump to the conclusion that the stationary one overhead is also orbiting.
	www.fixedearth.com /geosynchronous_sa.htm (0 words)

	Satellite Orbits
		The satellite orbits at an elevation of approximately 35,790 km because that produces an orbital period (time for one orbit) equal to the period of rotation of the Earth (23 hrs, 56 mins, 4.09 secs).
		The satellite passes the equator and each latitude at the same local solar time each day, meaning the satellite passes overhead at essentially the same solar time throughout all seasons of the year.
		The orbital altitude of these satellites is generally on the order of a few hundred km, so the orbital period is on the order of a few hours.
	asd-www.larc.nasa.gov /SCOOL/orbits.html (496 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Satellite systems operating in the C and Ku[8] bands of the frequency spectrum were developed for television networks to distribute programming to their affiliates for terrestrial broadcast.
		However, rooftop and backyard satellite receivers, with dishes of up to 10 feet in diameter, are an alternative to terrestrial broadcast and cable television for many users.
		Geosynchronous and geostationary orbits were first popularised by science fiction author Arthur C. Clarke in 1945 as useful orbits for communications satellites.
	www.lycos.com /info/geosynchronous-satellite.html (502 words)

	About Satellite Phone Service
		Satellite phones are bulkier than regular cell phones, and while in theory their coverage might be close to universal, they usually don't work inside buildings or anywhere that has an obscured view of the sky.
		But because satellite phones have less bandwidth than regular cell phones, you may notice a bit poorer quality sound, and because they are designed to use the absolute minimum amount of satellite time, they lack some of the convenience we've come to expect of regular cell phones.
		Coverage is very good, being provided from a network of geosynchronous satellites, but doesn't extend all the way to the north or south poles, and varies depending on which of their different services you might subscribe to.
	www.thetravelinsider.info /phones/aboutsatellitephoneservice.htm (3688 words)

	Satellites
		There are military and industrial research satellites, spy and intelligence satellites, satellites for meteorological data and satellites for intercontinental television and telephone connections.
		Because of the distance, the satellite is in line-of-sight to 42% of the earth's surface.
		Due to the distance of the satellite, the received signal is weak and the delay in signal propagation is approximately 250 milliseconds (one-quarter second).
	library.thinkquest.org /26451/contents/massmedia/satellites.htm (1119 words)

	Ethiopian News Ethiopian Community Television ECTV
		This measure assures satellite television providers that only authorised, paying subscribers have access to Pay TV content but at the same time can allow free-to-air (FTA) channels to be viewed even by the people with standard equipment available in the market.
		The receiver, not to be confused with the dish, is the device that decodes the satellite signal and passes it to your television.
		Satellite signals are very reliable, and cloud cover and planes flying overhead do not ruin the signal.
	www.ectv.org /ectvetv.php (0 words)

	[No title]
		Geosynchronous satellites rotate at the same speed as the earth and end up being stationary in relation to the earth's surface.
		That circular orbit in space 22,237 miles from the surface of the earth at which geosynchronous satellites are placed.
		Satellites placed in these orbits, although traveling around the earth at thousands of miles an hour, appear to be stationary when viewed from a point on the earth, since the earth is rotating upon its axis at the same angular rate that the satellite is traveling around the earth.
	www.lycos.com /info/geosynchronous-satellite--earth.html (406 words)

	Geosynchronous satellite constellation patent invention
		Satellites using common portions of the frequency spectrum must be spaced far enough apart to prevent interference with adjacent satellites.
		The geosynchronous orbit of the satellites defines a satellite track which overlaps a geostationary orbital location occupied by a legacy satellite traveling in a geostationary orbit.
		2 is a diagram depicting a satellite track of a geosynchronous orbit according to one embodiment of the invention.
	www.freshpatents.com /Geosynchronous-satellite-constellation-dt20061026ptan20060240767.php (1358 words)

	CelesTrak: "Basics of the Geostationary Orbit"
		While communications satellites perform their missions in many types of orbits, from near-earth constellations like Iridium and Globalstar to the highly-inclined, eccentric Molniya orbits used by the Russian Federation, one of the more important classes of orbits for these satellites is the geostationary orbit.
		While each satellite will complete its orbit in the same time it takes the earth to rotate once, it should be obvious that the geosynchronous satellite will move north and south of the equator during its orbit while the geostationary satellite will not.
		Oftentimes, geostationary satellites are boosted into a slightly higher orbit at the end of their planned lifetime to prevent them causing havoc with other geostationary satellites.
	celestrak.com /columns/v04n07 (1553 words)

	What Is a Satellite? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		When the satellite reaches its orbit, a motor points it in the right direction and its antennas and solar panels deploy—that is, they unfold from their traveling position and spread out so the satellite can start sending and receiving signals.
		Satellites in orbit can send messages to a special receiver carried by someone on a ship in the ocean or in a truck in the desert, telling that person exactly where he or she is.
		Satellites can't be allowed to jiggle or wander, because if a satellite is not exactly where it belongs, pointed at exactly the right place on the earth, the television program or the telephone call it transmits to you will be interrupted.
	www.boeing.com /defense-space/space/bss/sat101.html (2905 words)

	India to test a geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle this week
		There is an improvement of 300 kilogrammes from the earlier satellite of the first developmental flight of GSLV (on April 2001)," Kasturirangan said.
		India is eyeing the lucrative satellite launch vehicle market and in September last year successfully launched a polar satellite launch vehicle capable of launching a 1,000-1,200 kilogramme unit.
		Kasturirangan said ISRO had 120 transponders offering satellite communication support to various Indian state-owned and private firms, and within three years the agency would be able to bridge the gap in demand.
	www.spacedaily.com /2003/030505171514.v5x76qdm.html (0 words)

	Geosynchronous Satellite Orbits (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Geosynchronous means that the satellite orbits with the same angular velocity as the Earth.
		Using the two VRML 2 animations below, observe the behaviour of the geosynchronous satellite from different viewpoints and try to find out when and where it is approaching a geostationary orbit.
		Geosynchronous satellite in an Earth centred system of reference, rotating with the Earth.
	www.eumetcal.org /euromet/english/satmet/s3220/s3220333.htm (131 words)

	Glossary of Satellite Terms
		Geosynchronous satellites which maintain circular orbits around the earth are first launched into highly elliptical orbits with apogees of 22,237 miles.
		When the communication satellite reaches the appropriate apogee, a rocket motor is fired to place the satellite into its permanent circular orbit of 22,237 miles.
		Unlike many domestic satellites which utilize vertical or horizontal polarization, the international Intelsat satellites transmit their signals in a rotating corkscrew-like pattern as they are down-linked to earth.
	www.satnews.com /GLOSSARY.HTML (5768 words)

	Geosynchronous Orbit
		Geosynchronous (adj.): geo-, earth and synchronous, going on at the same rate and exactly together.
		The time it takes for a satellite to orbit the earth is called its period.
		For a satellite's orbit period to be one
	liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov /academy/rocket_sci/satellites/geo-high.html (0 words)

	Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) - Aerospace Technology
		The first launch of India’s Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) was successfully completed on April 18, 2001.
		The target is to launch a minimum of one satellite per year.
		The GSAT-1 satellite was launched to a height of 35,786km above the Earth's surface.
	www.aerospace-technology.com /projects/gslv (0 words)

	Geosynchronous Satellite by Arthur C. Clarke from V2 for Ionospheric Research
		Geosynchronous Satellite by Arthur C. Clarke from V2 for Ionospheric Research
		An 'artificial satellite' at the correct distance from the earth would make one revolution every 24 hours, i.e., it would remain stationary above the same spot and would be within optical range of nearly half the earth's surface.
		The period of revolution of a satellite around the earth is fixed by its distance from the center of the earth.
	www.technovelgy.com /ct/content.asp?Bnum=451 (0 words)

	Today's Space Weather
		The Satellite Environment Plot combines satellite and ground-based data to provide an overview of the current geosynchronous satellite environment.
		An updating Satellite Environment Plot window is also available.
		Although these data are of interest to the satellite community, they do not include all parameters and energy ranges known to be associated with satellite anomalies.
	www.sec.noaa.gov /today.html (0 words)

	GPN-2002-000123 - Syncom, the First Geosynchronous Satellite
		By 1960, Hughes, RCA and AT&T were urging NASA to develop a different type of communications satellite.
		Hughes believed that geosynchronous satellites, which orbit Earth 22,300 miles (35,900 km) above the ground, offered the best location because the high orbit allowed the satellites' orbital speed to match the rotation speed of Earth and therefore remain essentially stable over the same spot.
		With the Defense Department's active support, NASA offered Hughes a sole-source contract to develop an experimental geosynchronous satellite, which it called Syncom.
	grin.hq.nasa.gov /ABSTRACTS/GPN-2002-000123.html (0 words)

	Worldspace (Asiastar, Afristar) - Geosynchronous Satellite Radio - USA
		The digital processor on board the satellite demultiplexes and demodulates the Prime Rate Channels at baseband level, and converts them to TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) for L band transmission of the signal to listeners.
		The TDM signals (a maximum of three) are transmitted in the X band to the satellite which converts the frequency and sends the L band signals to the radio receivers.
		The use of digitalization and audio data compression technologies, combined with satellite transmission, is the biggest single breakthrough since the advent of short wave radio in 1920.
	www.geo-orbit.org /easthemipgs/wrldspc.html (1488 words)

	A PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A GEOSYNCHRONOUS METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE, WEATHERWATCH I
		The life of a satellite is limited to a large extent by the fuel remaining once it is positioned in geosynchronous orbit.
		The geosynchronous transfer orbit is a minimum energy elliptical orbit with the perigee at parking orbit altitude and the apogee at synchronous altitude.
		IS achieved by commanding the satellite's thruster control unit to fire a single-pitch thruster for a predetermined number of pulses at precisely the same point in the spin period (Standley, 1988).
	www.lib.utah.edu /epubs/undergrad/vol1/anderson.html (6132 words)

	Space Business and Industry News at SpaceMart.com
		Having successfully launched several indigenous satellites in the past, the Indian Space Research Organisation is now in the process of launching the first of its new genre of micro-satellites weighing less than 100 kgs.
		Primack is the senior cosmologist on the National Research Council (NRC) committee that issued the report, which recommends pursuing at least two ambitious space missions that should yield...
		Satellites are getting ever lighter and smaller: There are already micro-satellites with a weight of between...
	www.spacemart.com (0 words)

	Re: Climbing a ladder to geosynchronous satellite
		Thus, it is nothing but a line connecting the satellite to the ground.
		In geosynchronous orbit, you have 7/10 of the velocity you need to completely escape the gravitational pull of the Earth.
		Thus, if you docked a spaceship at your geosynchronous spacestation, you could easily use the location as a port to take cargo and passengers to and from Earth without expensive nonreusable rockets.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/oct99/941050484.As.r.html (0 words)

	Thuraya Satellite Phones and rentals
		Satellite coverage is now available in hundreds of countries spanning a large region of northern, central and western Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and the Indian Subcontinent.
		The units on a prepaid Scratch Card must be used during their validity period or they are lost.
		Outfitter Satellite sells 80-unit and 160-unit prepaid Scratch Cards, and each “unit” corresponds to $1 of usage on your EASY SuperSIM prepaid account.
	www.outfittersatellite.com /thuraya.htm (0 words)

	Geosynchronous satellite - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "Geosynchronous satellite" is defined.
		geosynchronous satellite : The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy [home, info]
		GEOSYNCHRONOUS SATELLITE : Space and Electronic Warfare Lexicon [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=Geosynchronous+satellite&ls=a (0 words)

	SANS Institute - Issues When Using IPsec Over Geosynchronous Satellite Links
		Satellite based broadband data networks provide the means to convey large volumes of TCP traffic to individuals and organizations over an enormous geographic area.
		Satellite based networks can also convey data for countless types of applications.
		TCP can suffer from poor performance over networks with high latency, as is the case for geosynchronous satellite links.
	www.sans.org /reading_room/whitepapers/vpns/770.php?portal=301cef11ab9bc395983e2d48ebc0240b (0 words)

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