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Topic: Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst

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	Gerhard Johann David Von Scharnhorst - LoveToKnow 1911
		GERHARD JOHANN DAVID VON SCHARNHORST (1755-1813), Prussian general, was born at Bordenau near Hanover, of a farmer stock, on the 12th of November 1755.
		Scharnhorst was recalled to the king's headquarters, and after refusing a higher post was made chief of staff to Blucher, in whose vigour, energy and influence with the young soldiers he had complete confidence.
		In it Scharnhorst received a wound in the foot, not in itself grave, but soon made mortal by the fatigues of the retreat to Dresden, and he succumbed to it on the 8th of June at Prague, whither he had been sent to negotiate with Schwarzenberg and Radetzky for the armed intervention of Austria.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Gerhard_Johann_David_Von_Scharnhorst (851 words)

	Gerhard von Scharnhorst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		'''Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst''' (November 12, 1755 - June 28, 1813) was a general in Prussian service, Chief of the Prussian General Staff, noted for both his writings and his leadership during the Napoleonic Wars.
		By direct application to Napoleon, Scharnhorst evaded the decree of September 26, 1810, which mandated all foreigners to leave the Prussian service forthwith, But when in 1811-1812 France forced Prussia into an alliance against Russia and Prussia despatched an auxiliary army to serve under Napoleon's orders, Scharnhorst left Berlin on unlimited leave of absence.
		In it Scharnhorst received a wound in the foot, not in itself grave, But soon made mortal by the fatigues of the retreat to Dresden, and he succumbed to it on 28 June 1813 at Prague, whither he had travelled to negotiate with Schwarzenberg and Radetzky for the armed intervention of Austria.
	gerhard-von-scharnhorst.iqnaut.net (901 words)

	HOME - Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst (Novemƅer 12, 1755 - June 28, 1813) was a general in Prussia n service, Chieƭ oƭ the Prussian General Staƭƭ, noted ƭor ƅoth his writings, his reƭorms oƭ the Prussian army, and his leadershiр during the Naрoleonic Wars.
		He attached himselƭ to Geƅhard Leƅerecht von Blücher in the last stages oƭ the disastrous camрaign, went into caрtivity with him at the caрitulation oƭ Battle oƭ Lüƅeck (7 Novemƅer 1806), and, quickly exchanged, had a рrominent and almost decisive рart in leading Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq 's Prussian corрs which served with the Russians.
		Scharnhorst, recalled to the king's headquarters, reƭused a higher рost ƅut ƅecame Chieƭ oƭ Staƭƭ to Blücher, in whose vigour, energy, and inƭluence with the young soldiers he had comрlete conƭidence.
	gerhard.johann.david.von.scharnhorst.en.travel-air.info (1184 words)

	Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		When the French defeat in Russia enabled Prussia to break its alliance with France and join the anti-French coalition (1813), Scharnhorst served as chief of staff to the commander of the army, Field Marshal Blücher.
		Scharnhorst transformed the Prussian army from a mercenary force into a people’s army.
		Since the introduction of general conscription was impossible under Napoleonic rule, Scharnhorst invented the Krümpersystem under which a larger number of men than that allowed to Prussia could be trained in the use of arms; citizens were called to service for a short training period to be then replaced by another group.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sc/Scharnho.html (283 words)

	Gerhard David Scharnhorst
		Scharnhorst trat mit Entschiedenheit für ein, wenn nötig, militärisches Vorgehen gegen die französische Fremdherrschaft in den deutschen Ländern ein, weshalb er auf französischen Druck im Juni 1810 "der Form nach" von Amt des preußischen Kriegsministers zurücktreten musste, jedoch Chef des Generalstabes blieb und die gewonnene Zeit als neuer Chef des Ingenieurkorps zu dessen Aufbau nutzte.
		Tragischer Weise wurde Scharnhorst bereits in der ersten Schlacht bei Groß-Görschen schwer verletzt.
		Von Zeitgenossen wurde Scharnhorst als eine Gelehrtennatur beschrieben, deren aufrichtiges und ruhiges Wesen ihm das besondere Vertrauen seiner Zeitgenossen, nicht zuletzt das des damaligen preußischen Königs Friedrich Wilhelm III.
	www.deutschlanddokumente.de /bioScharnhorst.htm (944 words)

	✓ Gerhard_von_Scharnhorst - Erlanger-Arkaden.de - ErlangerArkaden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Scharnhorst wurde als Sohn eines Pachters geboren, besuchte seit 1772 die vom Grafen Schaumburg-Lippe errichtete MilitÃ¤rschule auf dem Wilhelmsstein und trat 1776 als FÃ¤hnrich in das hannÃ¶versche Reiterregiment des Generals von Estorf ein.
		Nach Scharnhorst wurde das Schiff Scharnhorst, der Scharnhorst-Orden sowie der Audimax der Offiziersschule des Heeres in Dresden benannt.
		Sie erhÃ¤lt spÃ¤ter den Namen Friedrich-Alexander-UniversitÃ¤t und wird 1791 preuÃische LandesuniversitÃ¤t, auf der unter anderem Johann Ludwig Tieck und Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder studierten.
	erlanger-arkaden.de /index.php/Gerhard_von_Scharnhorst (3319 words)

	Lost Battalion Games : Features : Old Salt's Journal : The Ships of Battlegroup : Germany ...
		Scharnhorst and Gneisenau operated together for most of the early part of the war and became known as “The Twins”.
		Scharnhorst, never considered a “lucky” ship, was torpedoed by destroyer Acasta during the same action, which put her in dock for five months.
		Later, after bombings became intolerable (Scharnhorst was hit by five bombs on July 24, 1941), Scharnhorst and Gneisenau (along with heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen) participated in the celebrated “Channel Dash” (Operation “Cerberus”) in February 1942.
	www.lostbattalion.com /t-bg_scharnhorst.aspx (495 words)

	Scharnhorst Gerhard Johann David von - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Scharnhorst Gerhard Johann David von - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von (1755-1813), German general and army reformer, born near Hanover, Germany.
		Behring, Emil Adolph von (1854-1917), German bacteriologist and Nobel laureate.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Scharnhorst_Gerhard_Johann_David_von.html (121 words)

	Otto von Below (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Scharnhorst was wounded at Auerstadt (1806) where he was serving as the Duke of Brunswick's chief of staff, and then he was captured one month later alongside Field Marshal von Bl cher at Ratkau.
		eneral von Scharnhorst was appointed Prussian Minister of War and Chief of General Staff in 1808, and immediately he began to rebuild the army with Gneisenau's help.
		Von Scharnhorst's writings and reforms infused the Prussian Army with a sense of national pride, and his work greatly influenced subsequent military development.
	home.comcast.net /~maviser/scharnhorst.htm (175 words)

	Gerhard von Scharnhorst - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Statue of Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Unter den Linden, Berlin
		After the Peace of Basel (5 March 1795) Scharnhorst returned to Hanover.
		In 1809, the war between France and Austria roused premature hopes in the patriots' party, which the conqueror did not fail to note.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gerhard_von_Scharnhorst (1005 words)

	Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		SCHARNHORST, GERHARD JOHANN DAVID VON [Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von], 1755-1813, Prussian general.
		General conscription, however, was introduced formally only in 1814 after Scharnhorst's death.
		His military reforms were aided by August Neithhardt von Gneisenau and Karl vom und zum Stein.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Scharnho.html (313 words)

	DeltaFleet.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Axis developed trans-dimensional travel and sent the Scharnhorst into our dimension where they have established a base of operations in the F'asa Sector of the Delta Quadrant.
		The Scharnhorst is commanded by Kapitän zur Weltraum Kurt Metterhausen.
		At this point the majority of the Scharnhorst's interaction has been with the USS Amon-Re-A as they are based in a distant part of the sector from the bulk of the fleet's operations.
	www.deltafleet.com /ships_scharnhorst.html (167 words)

	The Prussian Army at Auerstadt: 14 October 1806
		The slow rate of the Prussian advance (due to staff inefficiency as well as severe troop congestion in the army’s rear area), the un-coordinated Prussian attacks and the serious wounding of Prussian army commander GFM Karl-Wilhelm-Ferdinand, Herzog von Braunschweig (with King Friedrich-Wilhelm III of Prussia’s subsequently failing to assume command) all worked in Davout’s favour.
		The crucial moment of the battle came when OB Gerhard-Johann-David von Scharnhorst (Braunschweig’s chief-of-staff) appealed to GdK Friedrich-Adolf, Graf von Kalckreuth to launch his 18 reserve battalions against the battered — but now-advancing — III Corps.
		Kalckreuth refused, telling Scharnhorst he required a direct order from the King to launch the attack.
	www.napoleon-series.org /military/battles/auerstadt/c_auerstadtoob.html (587 words)

	Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst — FactMonster.com
		Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von (ger'härt yō'hän dä'vēt f
		When the French defeat in Russia enabled Prussia to break its alliance with France and join the anti-French coalition (1813), Scharnhorst served as chief of staff to the commander of the army, Field Marshal
		Since the introduction of general conscription was impossible under Napoleonic rule, Scharnhorst invented the
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0843901.html (245 words)

	1801 - Berlin - Militärische Gesellschaft in Berlin - History of Scholarly Societies
		Its first director was Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst.
		According to White (1989), pp.xii-xiii, Scharnhorst was a prominent military educator in Hannover, who was also a proponent of reform in the military.
		White (1989), p.186 indicates that after the defeat of the Prussian army at Jena in 1806, Scharnhorst reorganized the Prussian General Staff.
	www.scholarly-societies.org /history/1801mgb.html (445 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Home > Search Results > Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von
		Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von SCHARNHORST, GERHARD JOHANN DAVID VON [Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von], 1755-1813, Prussian general.
		He fought in the disastrous war (1806-7) against Napoleon I, headed the
	www.encyclopedia.com /printablenew/41754.html (124 words)

	Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von - MSN Encarta
		Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von - MSN Encarta
		Find more about Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von from
		Search Encarta for Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_781530098/Scharnhorst_Gerhard_Johann_David_von.html (58 words)

	TIME.com: Great General Staff -- Oct. 28, 1935 -- Page 1
		When Napoleon Bonaparte planned a move in the midst of a campaign, he conferred with overworked generals who were simultaneously commanding troops in the field.
		First to realize that the complexity of modern warfare rendered a good commander at the front a poor adviser at headquarters was Napoleon's old adversary, Prussian General Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst.
		"As early as November 1919 General Hans von Seeckt gave initiative to the training of officers in the manner given in the former War Academy.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,847525,00.html (651 words)

	Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David Von - ENCYCLOPEDIA - The History Channel UK
		Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David Von - ENCYCLOPEDIA - The History Channel UK or LOGIN
		Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von, 1755-1813, Prussian general.
		Except as otherwise permitted by written agreement, the following are prohibited: copying substantial portions or the entirety of the work in machine readable form, making multiple printouts thereof, and other uses of the work inconsistent with U.S. and applicable foreign copyright and related laws.
	www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /site/search/search.php?word=Scharnho (380 words)

	U.S. Cavalry On Point
		The Enlightened Soldier: Scharnhorst and the Militarische Gesellschaft in Berlin, 1801-1805
		The study focuses on the most important Prussian military reformer--Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst, who in 1801 founded the Militarische Gesellschaft (Military Society) in Berlin.
		The Gesellschaft became the focal point for the transformation of the Prussian army from a robotic war machine into a modern fighting force that was instrumental in defeating Napolean in 1813 and in 1815.
	www.uscav.com /uscavonpoint/ProductInfo.aspx?id=0275929361 (143 words)

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