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	Bundeswehr - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In peacetime, the Bundeswehr is commanded by the Minister of Defence; in wartime, it is commanded by the Chancellor.
		The Bundeswehr is among the world's most technologically advanced and well-supplied militaries, as befits Germany's overall economic prosperity and infrastructure.
		This allows the Bundeswehr to take part in missions outside of the borders of Germany, as part of the NATO or the European Union and mandated by the UN.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_Bundeswehr (720 words)

	Bundeswehr - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bundeswehr does not consider itself as their successor and does not follow traditions of any former German military organisation.
		During the Cold War the Bundeswehr was the backbone of NATO's conventional defence in Central Europe.
		In 1999, the NATO war on Yugoslavia in Kosovo was the first offensive conflict in which the German military actively took part since the Second World War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bundeswehr (720 words)

	Bundeswehr (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Bundeswehr is the name of the armed forces of Germany.
		In peacetime, the Bundeswehr is commanded by the Minister of Defence, currently Peter Struck (since 2002).
		After reunification in 1990, the Bundeswehr absorbed parts of the Nationale Volksarmee of the GDR, by the fact that the latter was dissolved.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/B/Bundeswehr.htm (687 words)

	The German Defence Production & Sales
		The German share of the percentage of total arms sales out of the total West European OECD share of 35 and 35.3 per cent in 1995 and 1996 was 5.2 and 5.4 per cent i.e.
		German service members worked as equal partners on NATO staffs - alongside their counterparts." As early as 1957 Lt Gen Speidel - a highly competent German officer was the first German officer to be appointed Commander of the Allied Land Forces Central Europe.
		Germans are highly nationalistic people - but a long period of separation of East and West Germany could create serious problems of the integration of the two armies into an 'Army of the Unity.' All these problems were of course solved and the difficulties overcome.
	www.defencejournal.com /jun99/german-defence.htm (4820 words)

	The German army as occupying power... and spearhead for German business
		The German KFOR contingent is led by General Fritz von Korff, commander of the 12th tank division “Oberpfalz”.
		The entry and the stationing of the German troops in the region of Prizren, Kosovo's third biggest town, was accompanied with a barrage of propaganda: “peace mission”, army of liberation”, and pictures of refugees clapping and waving.
		The German interior ministry even justified its decision for the quickest possible repatriation of Kosovo refugees in Germany with reference to the criminal activity of the KLA, which had to be prevented from establishing a base in Germany.
	www.wsws.org /articles/1999/jul1999/ger-j10.shtml (1855 words)

	Ehle, Autumn 1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The problem before the Bundeswehr was a formidable one: from a personnel strength of 583,000 on 3 October 1990—93,000 of them from the former East German armed forces, the National People's Army—it had to shrink to 370,000 by the end of 1994.
		The deployment of German minesweepers to Kuwait, the evacuation of the army contingent from Somalia, and the deployment of destroyers, frigates, and maritime reconnaissance and
		From the German view, what is needed are capabilities for: reconnaissance; rapid and coordinated operations against surface forces offshore; independent long-term presence under all weather and climatic conditions; defense against surface, subsurface, and air threats; mine countermeasures and minelaying; extensive sea surveillance; and command, control, communications, computers, and intelligence.
	www.nwc.navy.mil /press/review/1998/autumn/art4-a98.htm (8527 words)

	USAFE News Story (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		German service members arrived at Spangdahlem Feb. 26, 2003, and will continue to provide base security at USAFE installations in Germany at least until the end of 2004.
		German support is expected to continue until the end of the year.
		The German representative's reaction to the award was "overwhelming in a positive sense," said Mr.
	www.usafe.af.mil /news/news04/uns04116.htm (587 words)

	Torture practices in the German army (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The restriction of the Bundeswehr to territorial defence, as well as its morality and own image, were a result of special historical conditions that prevailed during the postwar period.
		As Bundeswehr deployments become more violent, the character of the soldiers must change to correspond to new requirements and the army made independent of the population as a whole.
		The concept of “citizens in uniform,” as well as the claim of the Bundeswehr to be anchored in society, has been sacrificed to militarism, along with the postwar limitation of the Bundeswehr to defence-only purposes.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2005/jan2005/germ-j03.shtml (1510 words)

	German Army (Bundeswehr)
		A radical reshaping of the army was completed by the end of 1994, in which the Bundeswehr was adapted to the diminishing threat in Central Europe, the recasting of NATO's force structure, and Germany's 1990 commitments to reduce its force level and armaments.
		Under the operational command of II Corps is the Eurocorps, scheduled to be operational in late 1995 with 50,000 troops.
		A number of German weapons systems are nuclear-capable, but nuclear warheads and bombs remain under the control of the United States.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/europe/ge-army.htm (842 words)

	Germany's Contribution to Peacekeeping
		Although senior German military leaders emphasize that Germany's MDF continue to constitute the backbone of Germany's contribution to NATO and the balance of power in the heart of Europe, the creation of these new Crisis Reaction Forces is the main new development and the Bundeswehr's top strategic and modernization priority.
		In the words of the Inspector General of the Bundeswehr, General Klaus Naumann, the purpose of the CRF is to enable Germany to participate in peacekeeping and crisis management operations that allow Bonn to keep conflict away from its territory.
		German officials and parliamentarians have openly debated the criteria that should be used for deciding when to say yes or no to a request for German forces for a peacekeeping operation.
	www.rand.org /publications/MR/MR602 (1941 words)

	Bundeswehr (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Claire Marienfeld (CDU), parting ombudswoman of the Bundestag (German Lower House), has demanded a decision for a sweeping reform of the Bundeswehr (German Armed Forces) by the end of the year.
		Otherwise, the rising insecurity and lack motivation among German soldiers would reach a critical level, Marienfeld said during the presentation of her 1999 annual report in Berlin.
		In her annual report, the ombudswoman characterized the general atmosphere in the armed forces as "veering between resignation and cynicism." She claimed the soldiers and their families were feeling "distressed and de-motivated" due to drastic cuts in the defense budget, longer and longer deployments abroad and the planned radical reform of the troops.
	www.bbv-net.de /news/german/2000-0314/bundeswehr.html (490 words)

	Volkswagen Iltis (Typ 183)
		Awaiting the arrival of this vehicle the Bundeswehr decided to procure a stop-gap vehicle to replace the DKW Munga, which was really getting outdated near the end of the 1960s.
		Of the total of 8,800, the Bundeswehr got 8,470 units, 310 went to the Luftwaffe (air force) and 20 examples were in use with the Marine (navy).
		The Bundeswehr later replaced the VW Iltis with its former contender, the Mercedes G-series.
	www.geocities.com /spoelstra.geo/vw183 (1301 words)

	ipedia.com: Bundeswehr Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		In peacetime, the Bundeswehr is led by the minister of defense, currently Peter Struck (2004).
		The Bundeswehr was founded in 1955 succeding the Wehrmacht and the former Reichswehr - after some discussion about re-militarizing Germany (the Wiederbewaffnung) after World War II - by changing the German Grundgesetz (basic law, kind of germany's constitution).
		Currently there are Bundeswehr troops in Afghanistan (2,240; ISAF), Kosovo (3,320; KFOR), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1,290; SFOR), Republic of Macedonia, Georgia and as part of the EU-Congo mission "Artemis".
	www.ipedia.com /bundeswehr.html (488 words)

	Renseignements internationaux - Defense IMI 2003
		The fall of the "Iron Curtain," the resulting NATO enlargement and German reunification have led to a reevaluation of the role of the Bundeswehr and strategic military planning.
		The German position regarding the American efforts to disarm Iraq in a preemptive war shows, however, that there are clear limits to this new German commitment and the amount of responsibility the country wants to take on.
		German regulations in relation to the procurement of defense materiel are quite complicated.
	strategis.ic.gc.ca /epic/internet/inimr-ri.nsf/fr/gr116373f.html (4824 words)

	German Defense Minister Describes Situation in Afghanistan as Unstable
		BERLIN (By Aleksander Polotsky, RIA Novosti) - German Defense Minister Peter Struck described the situation in Afghanistan as unstable and mentioned the possibility of new terrorist acts on the eve of forthcoming parliamentary elections in the country scheduled for June this year.
		According to DPA, a German new agency, on Saturday Struck arrived in Kunduz, the administrative center of the Afghan province of Kunduz on the border with Tajikistan where the German Bundeswehr contingent was stationed.
		In return Peter Struck stated that these were not the tasks assigned to Bundeswehr in Afghanistan which provided assistance to civil specialists who restored infrastructure facilities there.
	nyjtimes.com /cover/02-02-04/AfghanistanUnstable.htm (218 words)

	WorldSecurityNetwork.com
		The protection of our German territory and citizens will also have a high priority, as will the ability to conduct rescue and evacuation operations under national command whenever this may be necessary.
		General Wolfgang Schneiderhan: The new priorities in the task spectrum of the Bundeswehr make it necessary to achieve the right balance between the mission and tasks, on the one side, and the financial means that we have available, on the other.
		Under German law the fight against international terrorism is more a matter of priority for the police, but it can affect the armed forces, as well.
	www.worldsecuritynetwork.com /showArticle3.cfm?article_id=9150 (3317 words)

	Order of Battle: German Bundeswehr Standard Brigade seit 1993, Heeresreform 5
		The collapse of the Eastern Block, German reunification, and Nato force reductions in Western Europe led to significant changes in the structure of the German army.
		The reduced peace-time strength of the Bundeswehr was established at 370.000, and Heerestruktur 5 called for a reorganization of ground forces, to be completed by 1994.
		The new Bundeswehr TO&E Heeresstruktur 5 was first implemented in eastern Germany in 1993, where former NVA divisions were converted into six Bundeswehr brigades.
	www.miniatures.de /html/int/toe-1993-standard-brigade.html (230 words)

	"We still don’t believe you" – A short evaluation of the new German discussion about the coming war ...
		Below is an English translation of a text by an influential German anti-militarist analyzing the role of the planned Iraq war in the German national election (vote Sept. 22) and the new position taken by the current ruling coalition of the Social Democratic Party/Greens, known as the red-green government.
		The writer, Tobias Pflueger, faced trial following the NATO war on Yugoslavia for informing German troops that it was their constitutional right to refuse duty in that war, that indeed, they were violating the law by participating in the war.
		Besides this the [German] federal government must also exert pressure that the various concrete plans for war that are laid before George W. Bush be made public.
	www.iacenter.org /Iraq/iraq_pfluger.htm (3399 words)

	NATO/IMS: Speech of the Commander of the Bundeswehr Operations Command - Oslo - 16 June 2005
		The Bundeswehr Operations Command is the only national agency to issue directives and orders concerning the contingents and the only national point of contact for all commanders of German contingents deployed in operations abroad.
		German military observers and Medical Personnel are contributing to peace-supporting actions of all parties involved, i.
		Thus, the Bundeswehr Operations Command is responsible for around 6,500 personnel in 7 operations on three continents (plus another 23,000 soldiers at the same time either preparing for missions or undergoing post-deployment debriefing).
	www.nato.int /ims/2005/win/opinions/s050716a.htm (2188 words)

	An Army Surplus-The NVA's Heritage, BICC Brief 3, June 1995
		Surprisingly the Bundeswehr never referred to an extensive database of the former NVA, which was run at the GDR MoD and contained data on the NVA military installations and their local weapon and equipment stockpiles.
		Indeed, during a meeting of the German Federal Security Council on 27 February 1991, it was decided that all exports should be handled in accordance with normal West German procedures as well as the 1982 political guidelines for arms exports (Deutscher Bundestag, 2 December 1991, p.26).
		While the German government argues that Turkey committed itself to not using these weapons for purposes other than NATO defense, the Turkish government has repeatedly pointed out that fighting the Kurdish PKK guerrilla is well within the common tasks of all NATO countries, since they agreed to cooperate in fighting terrorism.
	www.bits.de /public/bicc95.htm (7482 words)

	AllRefer.com - Germany - Creation of the Bundeswehr - Strategic Concerns and Military Missions \| German Information ...
		The reappearance of a German armed force, which would have been inconceivable a decade earlier, had become a reality as a direct result of the Cold War.
		Finally, German military planners also foresee possible conflict in the volatile area extending from the southern rim of the Mediterranean to the Persian Gulf.
		German commanders also must plan for possible deployments in support of out-of-area NATO or UN operations (see International Military Missions, this ch.; The Out-of-Area Debate, ch.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/germany/germany156.html (968 words)

	Military Intelligence Professional Bulletin: Evaluation of the enemy situation the role of the G2 in the German ...
		This situation is very different within the Bundeswehr where the S2 position is often given to a young Lieutenant who may not have had much (or any) experience as a platoon leader, certainly none as a company commander.
		This system seems to work for the Bundeswehr, at least in exercises; its success is generally attributed to their adherence to Auftragstaktik (Commander's Intent or Results-Focused Orders), which grants maximum freedom of maneuver and decision to the subordinate commander.
		Within the Bundeswehr, deep operations are not conducted at the division level, and only rarely at the Corps level, again reducing the need for the level of synchronization to which U.S. forces are accustomed.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IBS/is_1_29/ai_97822094 (1455 words)

	German
		A four-week intensive language program in which cadets participate in field training, marksmanship, physical training and garrison operations with a combat or combat support unit of the Bundeswehr.
		Training extends cadets’ knowledge of Germany and German Army operations and improves their ability to speak, listen and comprehend German.
		The program is also designed to enhance cultural knowledge through interaction with military counterparts and the local populace, and immersion into day-to-day life situations.
	www.dean.usma.edu /dfl/German.htm (122 words)

	Deutsche Welle: Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		ISAF has monitored a steady uptick in the number of terrorist threats in recent months, which, Gliemeroth cautioned was a sign that a considerable number of guerilla fighters have infiltrated the area.
		According to Gliemeroth, the presence of the troops will provide protection for aid workers as well as those providing training for the country’s burgeoning police and military forces, which the international community is seeking to have in place to safeguard national elections slated for next year.
		NATO General Götz Gliemeroth, the German commander of the ISAF force in Afghanistan, said the dangers for German troops are increasing.
	www.warblogging.com /warfarking/mirror/1066225095.html (828 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		2 Percentage allocation of monthly bird strikes of a German airline and of the sum of all other German airlines including General Aviation of the year 1999 in comparison to the one of the last 10 years An analysis of the bird strike rates and of the damages was rather helpful in further fact finding.
		This assumption could therefore be corroborated since the German Bundeswehr (Armed Forces) in the anomalous June and July 1999 had recorded even more bird strikes than during their ten-year average (Fig.
		3: Percentage allocation of monthly bird strikes of the German Armed Forces and of the average percentage allocation of the last 10 years The monthly distribution with its June summertime maximum and with a further autumnal, though higher, maximum in October was equal to the distribution of the preceding year.
	wildlifedamage.unl.edu /handbook/Chapters/Morgenroth_Christoph.doc (1775 words)

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