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	German East Africa - LoveToKnow 1911
		The coast of German East Africa (often spoken of as the Swahili coast, after the inhabitants of the seaboard) is chiefly composed of coral, is little indented, and is generally low, partly sandy, partly rich alluvial soil covered with dense bush or mangroves.
		East Africa is rich in all kinds of antelope, and the elephant, rhinoceros and hippopotamus are still plentiful in parts.
		By the agreement of the 1st of July 1890, between the British and German governments, and by agreements concluded between Germany and Portugal in 1886 and 1894, and Germany and the Congo Free State in 1884 and later dates, the German sphere of influence attained its present area.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /German_East_Africa (4795 words)

	German East Africa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On March 3, 1885, the German government announced that it had granted an imperial charter (secretly, on February 17) to Peters' company, and intended to establish a protectorate in East Africa.
		The Germans were always few in number in the colony, relying on native chiefs to keep order, collect the taxes and start commercial farms for cash crops, such as cotton, coffee and sesame.
		The story of German East Africa in the First World War is essentially the history of the colony's military commander, General Paul Erich von Lettow-Vorbeck.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_East_Africa (1186 words)

	British East Africa - LoveToKnow 1911
		BRITISH EAST AFRICA, a term, in its widest sense, including all the territory under British influence on the eastern side of Africa between German East Africa on the south and Abyssinia and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan on the north.
		The southern frontier, coterminous with the northern frontier of German East Africa, runs north-west from the mouth of the Umba river in 4° 40' S. to Victoria Nyanza, which it strikes at 1° S., deviating, however, so as to leave Mount Kilimanjaro wholly in German territory.
		One of the main watersheds of East Africa runs close to the eastern wall of the rift-valley, separating the basins of inland drainage from the rivers of the east coast, of which the two largest wholly within British East Africa are the Sabaki and Tana, both separately noticed.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /British_East_Africa (687 words)

	German East Africa Company - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The German East Africa Company (German: Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Gesellschaft) was an organisation founded by Karl Peters (with imperial backing from Otto von Bismarck) on April 2, 1885 to govern German East Africa (modern Tanzania).
		In 1888, the Company absorbed the bankrupt German Witu Society, which had been created to trade in the German protectorate of Wituland only a year and a half before.
		In 1891, after it became apparent that the Company was handling the colony poorly, the German government began to rule German East Africa directly, thus rendering the Company redundant.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_East_Africa_Company (179 words)

	German East Africa (1885-1919) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		By 1890 German East Africa comprised the modern-day territories of Tanganyika, Burundi and Rwanda.
		Following in the Portuguese and Dutch colonial practice, the Germans treated their overseas possessions an an integral part of one empire and consequently the Imperial German arms and flags were used throughout the Empire.
		The flags were to be based on the German horizontal tricolour of fl, white and red charged in the centre with a distinctive shield of the colony.
	fotw.vexillum.com /flags/tz_gea.html (939 words)

	German East Africa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		German influence emerged in the area in 1884 when Carl Peters, the German explorer, obtained treaties over parts of the territory.
		The German government declared a protectorate over the area in 1885 and the German East Africa Company was organized to administer it.
		In Jan., 1891, the German government took over the administration of the colony and by 1898 had conquered all of the territory.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ge/GermanEa.html (266 words)

	Savage and Soldier Online
		The Germans' desire to push inland and expand their holdings led to conflicts with the natives and the creation of the Schutztruppe.
		The German forces, with only 588 askaris and 458 police in the south, were powerless to contain it, one-fifth of the colony soon was in the hands of the rebels.
		A successful ambush on a German column crossing the Ruhuji River by the Bena kept the rebellion alive in the southwest, but the Germans were not to be denied for long.
	www.savageandsoldier.com /articles/africa/GermanWars.html (4718 words)

	World War I: Joint Fires in the East African Campaign - creative use of artillery in war FA Journal - Find Articles
		One German commander, separated from his superiors by vast distances of time and space, was left with the freedom of action to prosecute a campaign in which he never was defeated, even though the British enemy consistently outnumbered his force.
		German East Africa was vast, encompassing an area larger than France and Germany combined, a total of 384,000 miles.
		In German East Africa, this was the Schutztruppe (Protective Force) of 216 Europeans, 2,540 natives (known as Askaris) and 45 European police.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IAU/is_4_6/ai_77673471 (834 words)

	GERMAN EAST AFRICA - Online Information article about GERMAN EAST AFRICA
		The mean temperature on the west and east coasts of Africa is 72° and 8o° Fahr.
		were going on, various German companies had set to work to exploit the country, and on the 16th of August 1888 the German East African Company, the lessee of the Zanzibar mainland strip, took over the administration from the Arabs.
		This was followed, five days later, by a revolt of all the coast Arabs against German rule—the Germans, raw hands at the task of managing Orientals, having aroused intense hostility by their brusque treatment of the dispossessed rulers.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /GEO_GNU/GERMAN_EAST_AFRICA.html (5985 words)

	Wikinfo \| German East Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		German East Africa was Germany's colony in East Africa, including what is now Burundi, Rwanda, and the mainland part of Tanzania.
		The Germans were always few in number in the colony, relying on native chiefs to keep order, and demanding that they collect the taxes and pay for them by starting commercial farms for cash crops, such as cotton, coffee and sesame.
		The first postage stamps issued for German East Africa came in 1893, as surcharges in pesa values on regular German stamps, along with the inscription "Deutsch-Ostafrika".
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=German_East_Africa (963 words)

	History of TANZANIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		But this energetic German presence is profoundly resented by the African tribes, particularly when the harsh methods of forced labour are used in the cultivation of the new and alien crops.
		The German commander, General von Götzen, uses a strategy hardly more humane than that of his colleague von Trotha in Namibia, whose brutality has caused an international outcry only a year previously.
		German East Africa, like German South West Africa, acquires in its early years a besmirched colonial record.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad23 (1910 words)

	Amazon.ca: Great War In Africa 1914to1918: Books: Byron Farwell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		WWI in Africa did not have any impact on the war in Europe or on world history, but the stories are so fantastic that they deserve to be rmembered and retold.
		From the unremarkable Allied offensives in German South-West Africa to the epic odyssey of Col. Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck in German East Africa, where he brilliantly launched a guerilla campaign against the several British, Belgian, and Portugese armies that were sent against him.
		The Great War in Africa was prosecuted in three fronts: a brisk (and virtually uncontested) conquest by the Allies of German West Africa; followed by a quick invasion by South Africa of German Namibia; lastly the epic Anglo-German struggle across Tanganyika (modern Tanzania).
	www.amazon.ca /Great-War-In-Africa-1914to1918/dp/0393305643 (1056 words)

	A brief history of German East Africa
		German administrator Carl Peters secured treaties with tribal leaders on East Africa's coast, legitimising the German government's right to negotiate with Britain over spheres of interest in East Africa.
		The German East Africa Company (founded 1887, succeeded by the German government in 1891) established Bagamoyo as the new German colony's capital, soon moving it to Dar-es-Salaam after warfare between the German forces and the Bushini people destroyed the beachside town in 1889.
		The island of Mafia was occupied by the British Navy in 1914; German military commander, Colonel Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck was able to hold the colony's northern border to Kenya until 1916.
	www.tokencoins.com /geahist.htm (596 words)

	East Africa Living Encyclopedia
		Location Rwanda is located in east-central Africa, between latitudes 10 and 30 South, and longitudes 290 and 310 East; it is bordered on the north by Uganda, on the east by Tanzania, on the south by Burundi, and on the west by Zaire.
		Rwanda is a landlocked country, bordered by Uganda to the north, Tanzania to the east, Burundi to the south, and Zaire to the west.
		The northern boundary with Uganda extends due east for 105 miles from a tripoint where the country touches the Congo (Kinshasa); this point is located on Sabino Peak in the Virunga Mountains.
	www.africa.upenn.edu /NEH/rwgeography.htm (1046 words)

	Former Colonies and other Overseas Territories (Germany)
		The flag of the governors of Kiautschou and East Africa: fl over white over red with the Reich eagle on the white stripe without crown.
		This was the case, for instance, in Angra Pequena (Southwest Africa, now Namibia) on 7 August 1884, in Cameroon on 21 July 1884, in Mioko (New Guinea) on 4 November 1884.
		A lot of German technical stuff on that can be found for instance in this website, for example the this zipfile with several maps and pictures.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/de_colon.html (1415 words)

	Money from the German Colonies and colonial issues in East Africa - bush notes, Buschnote - Historical German Banknotes ...
		Banknotes from the German Colonies (Kolonien) of German East Africa incl.
		In the time before the Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Gesellschaft (German East African Company) had administered the colony and was responsible for the money, too.
		The currency in German East Africa was Rupien (Rupies), whereby 1 Rupie accounted for 100 Heller.
	www.germannotes.com /colonies_east_africa.shtml (296 words)

	The East African - Opinion
		It was on February 27, 1906 that the German colonial authorities executed the leaders of the uprising.
		By the time the British took over from the Germans in 1919, the people had been thoroughly brutalised and resistance was therefore minimal.
		In a statement, the German embassy noted with regret that German response to the insurrection was brutal but noted that the current relations between Germany and Tanzania were cordial.
	www.nationmedia.com /eastafrican/13032006/Opinion/opinion130320069.htm (515 words)

	German-East-Africa 1888/89
		In August 1885 the sultan of Zanzibar was compelled to by the German cruiser-squadron under the command of Konteradmiral Knorr, to admit the imperial German protectorate over the German acquisitions in inner-East Africa.
		The german Kreuzergeschwader (overseas-cruising-squadron), since August 31st 1888 under the command of Konteradmiral Deinhard, came in action in September 1888 and tried to force the Arabs to retreat from this places by landing operations and artillery gunning.
		The military action in East Africa was divided in two parts, because not all the participants stayed in the theatre for at least three years (1888-1890).
	www.medalnet.net /German_East_Africa_1888_89.htm (1445 words)

	World War I Bookstore: Africa
		Military Operations East Africa covers British and Commonwealth operations in German East Africa from August 1914 to September 1916, where more numerous British and* Colonial forces waged a war against the German led native Askari's under General von Lettow-Vorbeck, who remained undefeated at wars end.
		Dobbertin was a commercial photographer in German East Africa prior to World War I. When all German men were mobilized in August 1914 to defend the colony, Dobbertin became, in effect, the only combat photographer on the German side.
		There are chapters on German South-West Africa, the two phases of the German East African Campaign, the South African infantry brigade in Egypt, and the S.A. forces in France.
	www.scuttlebuttsmallchow.com /gwbksafrica.html (966 words)

	German East Africa - Colonies - German Archive: German East Africa was Germany's colony in East Africa, including ...
		German East Africa was Germany's colony in East Africa, including what is now Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanganyika, the mainland part of present Tanzania.
		On March 3, 1885, the German government announced that it had granted an imperial charter (secretly, on February 17) to Peters' company, and intended to establish a protectorate in East Africa.
		The story of German East Africa in the First World War is essentially the history of the colony's military commander, General Paul Erich von Lettow-Vorbeck.
	www.germannotes.com /archive/article.php?products_id=392&osCsid=1c9bff05ee1366065a2de507ad4411d7 (827 words)

	German-East-Africa former German colony
		Uniforms of the Schutztruppen in German East Africa
		An NCO of the Schutztruppe in East Africa
		A German monument honouring the German Africa fighters is inaugurated in Iringa.
	www.deutsche-schutzgebiete.de /ostafrika-english.htm (889 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia â“ Free Online Encyclopedia for Reference, Research, Facts
		GERMAN EAST AFRICA [German East Africa] former German colony, c.370,000 sq mi (958,300 sq km), E Africa.
		In 1888, the sultan of Zanzibar relinquished the coastal areas, but German control was hindered by the Abushiri revolt (1888-90).
		II (1965); J. Bridgman and D. Clarke, German Africa: A Selected Annotated Bibliography (1965).
	www.encyclopedia.com /printable.aspx?id=1E1:germanea (229 words)

	British East Africa Company
		Prior to World War 1, Kenya (and Kenya alone) was known officially as British East Africa, just as Tanganyika was officially known as German East Africa in the same period.
		Subsequently, the term "East Africa" was loosely applied to Kenya, Tanganyika and Uganda collectively because they shared a number of institutions - a common currency (the East African shilling), airline (East African Airways), etc.
		The Imperial British East Africa Company, founded by the Scottish ship-owner Sir William Mackinnon in 1887, was granted a Royal Charter in 1888.
	flagspot.net /flags/eaf-brit.html (989 words)

	German South West Africa - German colony
		Once German sovereignty was established, administration was handed over to the civilian administration.
		The Germans occupy the British border station Nakab and occupy on September 10th Walvis Bay.
		German influence is also visible in many buildings, especially in Swakopmund, Windhuk and Luederitz.
	www.deutsche-schutzgebiete.de /german_southwest_africa.htm (558 words)

	Geographies of Orientalism and Racism in Colonial German East Africa
		Jennifer Kopf, who is currently completing her doctoral dissertation on the material effects of racism and anti-Islamic animus on transportation, labor, and education systems in the protectorate of German East Africa, at the University of Kentucky, will deliver the third lecture in the philosophy department's Reimagining Africa series.
		Her talk, titled “Geographies of Orientalism and Racism in Colonial German East Africa,” will be Tuesday, February 27, in room 202 of Skinner Hall at 4:30 pm.
		German colonial administrators perceived Islam to be a major challenge to their rule.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /offices/comm/csj/022301/africa.shtml (287 words)

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