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	Karl Marx article - Karl Marx 1818 March 14 1883 German philosopher social theorist journalist - What-Means.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Hegel was a philosophical idealist who believed that we live in a world of appearances, and true reality is an ideal.
		During the Enlightenment, philosophers and political theorists argued that religious authority had been oppressing human beings, and that religion must be separated from the functions of the state for people to be truly free.
		Lenin claimed to be both the philosophical and political heir to Marx, and developed a political program, called Leninism or Bolshevism, which called for revolution organized and led by a centrally organized Communist Party.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Karl_Marx (4696 words)

	Immanuel Kant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Immanuel Kant (April 22, 1724 – February 12, 1804) was a German philosopher and scientist (astrophysics, mathematics, geography, anthropology) from East Prussia, generally regarded as one of Western society's and modern Europe's most influential thinkers and the last major philosopher of the Enlightenment.
		In his biography of Kant, Manfred Kuehn suggests that Kant was even philosophically inspired by Green, who not only introduced him to the philosophy of David Hume, but whose personal habits may have influenced Kant in formulating his idea of the categorical imperative.
		A replica of a statue of Kant that stood in front of the university was donated by a German entity in 1991 and placed on the original pediment.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Immanuel_Kant (4345 words)

	Jürgen Habermas, German philosopher and social theorist, is perhaps best known for his wide-ranging defence of the ...
		Jürgen Habermas, German philosopher and social theorist, is perhaps best known for his wide-ranging defence of the modern public sphere and its related ideals of publicity and free public reason, but he has also made important contributions to theories o
		German philosopher and social theorist, is perhaps best known for his wide-ranging defence of the modern public sphere and its related ideals of publicity and free public reason, but he has also made important contributions to theories of communication and informal argumentation, ethics, and the foundations and methodology of the social sciences.
		In The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity (1985) Habermas argues that much of postmodern thought (from its roots in Nietzsche and Heidegger through to its representatives in Foucault and Derrida) rests ironically on a failure to break sufficiently with the modern philosophy of consciousness (or Bewußtseinsphilosophie) against which so much of its criticism is directed.
	www.infovi.vu.lt /mps/Handout-Habermas-REP.htm (3361 words)

	Biography: Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher, author of 'Thus Spoke Zarathustra' and The Gay Science'
		German philosopher born in a family of pastors.
		The Nietzsche's philosophical thought is carried by passion, with the risk sometimes to wander from the point.
		The principle of the Nietzsche's philosophy is the enthusiasm of life and his morals is a criticism of the Christian ideas as pity and resignation.
	atheisme.free.fr /Biographies/Nietzsche_e.htm (429 words)

	Open Directory - Society:Philosophy:Philosophers:B
		Continental philosopher, semiotician and philosopher of language, a Russian dissident who was the leading light of the Bakhtin Circle.
		German philosopher and theologian, a follower of Hegel and prominent member of the Young Hegelians movement.
		Philosopher and poet of the late Scottish Enlightenment who is best remembered for his opposition to Hume.
	dmoz.org /Society/Philosophy/Philosophers/B/desc.html (1537 words)

	Karl Marx, 1818-1883
		The philosopher, social scientist, historian and revolutionary, Karl Marx, is without a doubt the most influential socialist thinker to emerge in the 19th century.
		At the same time Marx was composing The German Ideology, he also wrote a polemic (The Poverty of Philosophy) against the idealistic socialism of P.
		This was an organization of German émigré workers with its center in London of which Marx and Engels became the major theoreticians.
	www.historyguide.org /intellect/marx.html (2020 words)

	Hans-Georg Gadamer Dies; Noted German Philosopher (washingtonpost.com)
		BERLIN -- Hans-Georg Gadamer, 102, a German philosopher who devoted a scholarly lifetime to the exploration of human understanding and interpretation, died March 13 in Heidelberg, Germany.
		Gadamer, who studied under the controversial German philosopher Martin Heidegger, was best known for his work on hermeneutics, or the philosophy of understanding.
		Gadamer was born in the German city of Marburg and was the son of a chemistry professor.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A35910-2002Mar15 (445 words)

	Geometry.Net - Philosophers: Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm
		His philosophical writings, including Theodicy (1710) and Monadology (1714), popularized by the philosopher Christian von Wolff, were orthodox and optimistic, claiming that a divine plan made this the best of all possible worlds.
		Quotes, biography, and a synopsis of the Monadology.Category Society Philosophy Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm BiographiesGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was born in Leipzig as the son of a professorof moral philosophy.
		The German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, b.
	www.geometry.net /philosophers/leibniz_gottfried_wilhelm.php (2395 words)

	Search Results for Leibniz - Encyclopædia Britannica
		German philosopher, mathematician, and political adviser, important both as a metaphysician and as a logician and distinguished also for his independent invention of the differential and integral...
		The German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716), the next great figure in the Rationalist tradition, gave scant attention to ethics, perhaps because of his belief that...
		German philosopher, mathematician, statesman, and author of treatises in astronomy, physics, botany, and theology.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=Leibniz&submit=Find (421 words)

	ipedia.com: Christian Wolff (philosopher) Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Wolff is also the creator of German as the language of scholarly instruction and research, although he published likewise in Latin, so that an international audience could, and did, read him.
		These are mainly his comprehensive view of philosophy, as embracing in its survey the whole field of human knowledge, his insistence everywhere on clear and methodic exposition, and his confidence in the power of reason to reduce all subjects to this form.
		To these must be added that he was practically the first to "teach philosophy to speak German." The Wolffian system retains the determinism and optimism of Leibniz, but the monadology recedes into the background, the monads falling asunder into souls or conscious beings on the one hand and mere atoms on the other.
	www.ipedia.com /christian_wolff__philosopher_.html (1526 words)

	New Statesman: Nietzsche's "warrior's food" for Superman? Rhubarb… - German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The German spirit is indigestion." He also loathed the "cannibalistic" English diet of roast beef, and the quack vegetarian diet, which he thought dampened awareness of life.
		Germans were childlike and heavy because they ate dumplings, he claimed, whereas on "warrior's food" the Superman grew strong, in stomach and mind.
		This is the frosty and unfamilial philosopher speaking, breathing the air of "ice and high mountains".
	www.findarticles.com /cf_dls/m0FQP/n4397_v127/21058266/p1/article.jhtml (618 words)

	Open Directory - Society:Philosophy:Philosophers:N
		Distinguished neo-Kantian German philosopher of the Marburg School, who had his greatest influence in the philosophy of education and the philosophy of history.
		Medieval theologian and philosopher whose condemnation in 1347 was a pivotal event in fourteenth-century thought.
		Friedrich Nietzsche is now regarded as one of the most powerful and influential philosophers in the world, but in his lifetime he was notoriously unread.
	dmoz.org /Society/Philosophy/Philosophers/N/desc.html (374 words)

	Immanuel Kant -- Metaphysics [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		A central epistemological problem for philosophers in both movements was determining how we can escape from within the confines of the human mind and the immediately knowable content of our own thoughts to acquire knowledge of the world outside of us.
		So, Kant argues that a philosophical investigation into the nature of the external world must be as much an inquiry into the features and activity of the mind that knows it.
		He was well aware of the idea's power to overturn the philosophical worldviews of his contemporaries and predecessors, however.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/k/kantmeta.htm (9445 words)

	Johann Wolfgang von Goethe - German Philosopher, writer, humanist, scientist and politician
		March 1832) was a German writer, politician, humanist, scientist, and philosopher.
		As a writer, Goethe was one of the paramount figures of German literature and European Romanticism during and around the 18th and 19th century.
		As a philosopher and writer he is one of the key figures in the transition from the Enlightenment to Romanticism.
	www.germannotes.com /hist_goethe.shtml (611 words)

	Google a recherché "great german philosopher" - environ 3,340
		For instance, in a sampling of the first 125 pages returned for the search string "great French philosopher", the name 'Descartes' was associated with the string in 27 of the matches, 'Voltaire' for 19, Sartre for 7, and so on.
		Since both the French and the Anglo-Saxons appear to 'agree' on the primacy of German philosophers, it seems reasonable that we should go to the Germans, whose pre-eminence is uncontested, for a disinterested perspective on the question of the relative merits of French and Anglo-Saxon philosophy.
		Tellingly, the Germans seem to agree with the French about the stature of Anglo-Saxon philosophy, and with the Anglo-Saxons about the stature of French philosophy.
	www.nephelidia.com /jeff/docs/philosophers.html (364 words)

	MSN Encarta - Leibniz
		Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, also Leibnitz, Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von (1646-1716), German philosopher, mathematician, and statesman, regarded as one of the supreme intellects of the 17th century.
		Important philosophical works by Leibniz include Essays in Theodicy on the Goodness of God, the Liberty of Man, and the Origin of Evil (2 volumes, 1710; translated in Philosophical Works,1890), Monadology (1714; published in Latin as Principia Philosophiae,1721; translated 1890), and New Essays Concerning Human Understanding (1703; published 1765; translated 1916).
		The latter two greatly influenced German philosophers of the 18th century, including Christian von Wolff and Immanuel Kant.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761576058/Leibniz_Gottfried_Wilhelm.html (454 words)

	Walter Benjamin - German Philosopher - Biography
		The work he had submitted in 1928 was the only full-length study that he published, The Origins of German Tragic Drama, and it was likely misunderstood by its jurors, for it prominently contained a complex network of appropriated quotations.
		In the period between 1925 and 1933 Benjamin eked out a living as a literary critic and translator, as a freelance writer for journals and magazines, meeting a number of left-wing intellectuals.
		This posthumous and delayed output of his works did not deter their potency, indeed, his thoughts and philosophical reflections have had a major impact on theorists in literature, philosophy, communications and technology, cultural studies, post-colonial theories, feminism, and historical studies, as well as theories in the contemporary arts.
	www.egs.edu /resources/benjamin.html (1135 words)

	CONTEMPORARY THINKERS: Q THROUGH Z
		Was one of the early--and important--philosophers of the German Enlightenment.
		Norwegian philosopher whose philosophical monism was heavily influenced by Spinoza and Leibniz.
		German empirical physiologist who did important work on sensations and stimuli, and is considered a founder of modern experimental pscyhology.
	www.angelfire.com /va/jsorenK/alpha_three.html (5086 words)

	Classical Music and Romantic Music - Page 266
		German philosopher whose Critique of Pure Reason was the foundation of 19th-century philosophy.
		German pessimist philosopher with great influence on Wagner and other later 19th-century composers and writers.
		German politician and chancellor, principal architect of the unification of Germany.
	trumpet.sdsu.edu /M151/Romantic_Music4i.html (88 words)

	Directory Text Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Immanuel Kant, German philosopher, was born in Konigsburg April 22, 1724.
		German astronomer, born at Weil, Württemberg, and educated at
		German philosopher and poet born near Lützen, Saxony, and educated at the
	wn.elib.com /Bio/search=context?German (401 words)

	Philosophy : German Philosopher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		So philosophy, it seems, is a discipline that draws on knowledge that the average educated person has, and it doesn't make use of experimentation and careful observation, though it may interpret philosophical aspects of experiment and observation.
		More positively, one might say that philosophy is a discipline that examines the meaning and justification of certain of our most basic, fundamental beliefs, according to a loose set of general methods.
		Those are aspects of things that are very general indeed; to take yet another example, philosophers ask what physical objects as such are, as distinguished from properties of objects and relations between objects, and perhaps also as distinguished from minds or souls.
	www.eurofreehost.com /ge/German_Philosopher_5.html (445 words)

	[Deathwatch] Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher, 102
		His system of philosophical hermeneutics is a response, through an exploration of historicity, language, and art, to Wilhelm Dilthey, Edmund Husserl, and Martin Heidegger.
		As Gadamer himself tells us-- As I was attempting to develop a philosophical hermeneutic, it followed from the previous history of hermeneutics that the interpretive (verstehenden) sciences provided my starting point.
		The primordial experiences that are transmitted through art and history are not to be grasped from the points of view of these forms of consciousness (Philosophical Apprenticeships, 1977).
	slick.org /pipermail/deathwatch/2002-March/000074.html (523 words)

	Martin Heidegger - German Philosopher - Biography
		Along with Husserl, the pre-Socratics, the Danish philosopher, S¯ren Kierkegaard, and the German philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche, particularly influenced Heidegger.
		He felt that in contrast to the reverent ancient Greek conception of Being, modern technological society had fostered an instrumentalizing attitude that had deprived Being and human existence of meaning, a condition he called nihilism.
		Humanity had lost its true vocation; to recover a deeper understanding of Being that was achieved by the early Greeks and lost by subsequent philosophers.
	www.egs.edu /resources/heidegger.html (1463 words)

	German Philosopher Schopenhauer - Stormfront White Nationalist Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		but there are tons of philosophers with all different opinions so I of course dont really believe it.....
		arthur shopenhauer is a german philosopher lived from 1788 to 1860.
		he is a very pessimistic philosopher and the main of his theories is that every thing, every action and every thought is generated by a supreme will which controls everything.
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=36861 (691 words)

	The Case of Martin Heidegger, Philosopher and Nazi Part 1: The Record
		All this publicity to what was previously an obscure chapter in the life of a well-known philosopher has caused a ripple of shock and dismay.
		The politics of the region was infused by a populist Catholicism that was deeply implicated in German nationalism, xenophobia and anti-Semitism.
		Husserl founded the philosophical school of phenomenology and had an international reputation equal to that of Heidegger.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2000/apr2000/heid-a03.shtml (3742 words)

	[6.0] The Milky Way Galaxy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		In 1826, a German astronomer named Heinrich Wilhelm Matthaeus Olbers (1758:1840) pointed out that if there were an infinite number of stars in the sky, no matter where we looked, we would see a star, and the sky would be uniformly bright.
		Barnard and the German astronomer Max Wolf (1863:1932) correctly suspected that these regions were not empty of stars, they were actually cold dark clouds that blocked out the light of stars behind them.
		In 1755, the great German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724:1804) published a work that suggested the Andromeda Nebula and its like were actually "island universes" of their own, or in other words they were other Milky Ways.
	www.vectorsite.net /tastga6.html (6281 words)

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