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Topic: German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran

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	HMAS Sydney [Australian War Memorial]
		On the afternoon of 19 November 1941 the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran (Commander Theodor Detmers) was steaming on a northeasterly course off the coast of Western Australia, approximately 150 miles south west of Carnarvon.
		Her automatic 2-centimetre anti-aircraft guns and rapid firing 3.7-centimetre anti-tank guns played onto the cruiser's bridge and also amidships, where the two port four-inch guns of the secondary armament and the torpedo tubes were mounted.
		As the Sydney struggled off to the south she was hit repeatedly by the Kormoran's port side guns and at 6.00 the raider fired a torpedo from her port underwater tube which missed.
	www.awm.gov.au /encyclopedia/hmas_sydney/action.htm (903 words)

	German art - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about German art
		In the 20th century, expressionism began as an almost entirely German movement; Dada was founded in Switzerland; and the Bauhaus school of art and design was influential worldwide.
		Many prehistoric artefacts have been found in Germanic areas, and a wealth of Celtic works remain, but it was not until the Ottonian era that a distinctively national style emerged.
		He twice visited Venice and was strongly influenced by the Renaissance art he saw there, though the influence was mainly confined to his paintings and was not wholly beneficial, as may be seen in his two panels of apostles in Munich.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /German+art (1500 words)

	German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran
		The German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran (HSK-8, Schiff 41, Raider G) was built by Germania-Werft[?] of Kiel and originally launched on September 15, 1938 as Steiermark of the Hamburg-America line.
		She entered service as an auxiliary cruiser on October 9, 1940, commanded by Fregattenkapitän Theodor Detmers.
		The largest of the German raiders, she operated in the South Atlantic, Indian Ocean, and the South Pacific.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ge/German_auxiliary_cruiser_Kormoran.html (157 words)

	Auxiliary cruiser
		The auxiliary cruiser, also known as the armed merchant cruiser, was a type of warship employed by nearly all naval participants in World War II.
		While the typical British auxiliary cruiser was usually an armed passenger liner used to protect convoys, the German auxiliary cruiser was a normal freighter provided with camouflaged weapons and used as commerce raider.
		The German auxiliary cruiser -- Hilfskreuzer or Handels-Stör-Kreuzer (HSK) -- approached its target under a false flag with its guns concealed and its appearance altered with fake funnels and masts.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/au/Auxiliary_cruiser.html (295 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran
		In common with other auxiliary cruisers, it had substantial (hidden) armament: six 150mm (5.9 in) guns, torpedoes and seaplanes, but lacked the armour protection and speed of a proper warship.
		The German vessel was posing as the Dutch freighter Straat Malakka.
		Kormoran maintained the charade as long as possible, but when a password was demanded, it quickly went into action.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/German_auxiliary_cruiser_Kormoran (718 words)

	German auxiliary cruiser Thor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Thor was a German auxiliary cruiser during World War II.
		Nazi German auxiliary cruisers of the Second World War
		This page was last modified 19:58, 23 April 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_auxiliary_cruiser_Thor (76 words)

	HMAS Sydney [Australian War Memorial]
		The most grievous loss suffered by the Royal Australian Navy occurred on 19 November 1941, when the cruiser HMAS Sydney was lost in action with the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran off the Western Australian coast.
		Converted from a freighter she was well armed with guns, torpedoes and mines, but this armament was carefully disguised so that only the closest scrutiny would reveal that she was not a merchant ship.
		In the ensuing action the Kormoran's disguise was sufficient to entice the Sydney into close range where she was able to overwhelm her with gunfire and torpedoes.
	www.awm.gov.au /encyclopedia/hmas_sydney (437 words)

	German Auxiliary Cruiser Kormoran - German Auxiliary Cruiser Kormoran News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
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	samanthajoseph46.blogiston.com /Timeline_of_the_Second_World_War/German_auxiliary_cruiser_Kormoran (869 words)

	German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran - TheBestLinks.com - Australia, December 3, Kriegsmarine, November 19, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Kormoran, German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran, Australia, December 3...
		In common with other auxiliary cruisers, Kormoran had substantial (hidden) armament: six 150mm guns, torpedoes and seaplanes, but lacked the armour protection and speed of a proper warship.
		The German vessel was posing as a known Dutch freighter.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Kormoran.html (422 words)

	Absolute all about Hilfskreuzer (Auxiliary Cruiser / Raider) - Introduction
		For the auxiliary cruisers it was even more essential than for others because the warships never were at sea so many months and their replenishment necessities were less while the auxiliary cruisers sailed regularly for more than a year.
		All the questioned German survivors were in agreement on this: the Kormoran never reduced her speed, estimated at 14-15 knots.
		Many german officers thought at the beginning of WWII that it was also impossible at that time, but eight German commanders, with their well trained crews, were able to demonstrate that up to the second half of 1942 it was a perfectly good weapon of war.
	www.scharnhorst-class.dk /miscellaneous/hilfskreuzer/hilfskreuzer_introduction.html (7429 words)

	German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Kormoran was built by Germaniawerft of Kiel and originally launched on September 15, 1938 as the merchant ship Steiermark of the Hamburg-America Line.
		In common with other auxiliary cruisers, it had substantial (hidden) armament: six 150 mm (5.9 in) guns, torpedoes and seaplanes, but lacked the armour protection, control systems, and speed of a proper warship.
		According to the crew of the Kormoran, the Australian warship was not fully prepared for battle, and its guns were not trained on Kormoran.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/German_auxiliary_cruiser_Kormoran (629 words)

	Hilfskreuzer (Auxiliary Cruiser / Raider) - Kormoran
		Kormoran met with Nordmark, U-105 and U-106 between 28 March and 2 April 1941, and with Rudolf Albrecht on 3 April 1941, when she took on supplies of oil, provisions, potatoes, bananas, oranges, a live pig, a small dog, magazines and English cigarettes!
		In such circumstances Kormoran had little choice but to open fire, and in the following action quickly devastated the cruiser, with a torpedo strike and sustained gunfire, which wiped out her bridge and fire control systems.
		Approx 20 of Kormoran's crew had been killed in the battle, and a further 40, mostly wounded, died when their life raft capsized while the ship was being abandoned.
	www.deutschland-class.dk /hilfskreuzer/kormoran.html (1705 words)

	Auxiliary Cruiser
		The auxiliary cruisers of the Kriegsmarine were converted merchant, equipped with guns and torpedoes to attack Allied merchant shipping.
		During their operations, the nine auxiliary cruisers sunk over 140 ships with over 700000 t.
		When the Australian CL Sydney wanted to inspect the auxiliary cruiser Kormoran and closed up to 1000m, the Kormoran opened fire and was able to sink the Australian ship (but was lost because of too much damage during this battle).
	www.german-navy.de /kriegsmarine/ships/auxcruiser (196 words)

	German Auxiliary Cruisers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Commanded by an excellent captain, she was to sink or capture more tonnage in a single cruise than any other raiders.
		She operated in the Atlantic and survived three confrontations with armored merchant cruisers, two of whom were crippled and one sunk by Thor.
		Kormoran was the largest and most powerful of the raiders.
	www.geocities.com /pentagon/2833/kriegsmarine/raider/raider.html (384 words)

	Top Literature - Royal Australian Navy
		The first RAN victory of the war occurred when the cruiser, HMAS Sydney sank the German light cruiser, Emden off the Cocos Islands in the Indian Ocean.
		At the onset of war, the RAN numbered two heavy cruisers, four light cruisers, five destroyers, three sloops and a variety of support and ancillary craft.
		In November 1941, Sydney was sunk with the loss of all hands (645 officers and men) after a battle with the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran, off the coast of Western Australia.
	encyclopedia.topliterature.com /?title=Royal_Australian_Navy (1729 words)

	Axis History Forum :: View topic - Battle between HSK Kormoran and HMAS Sydney
		Does anyone have knowledge of the battle between HSK Kormoran and HMAS Sydney in November 1941 that resulted in the sinking of both ships and total loss of 645 crew from the Sydney, 84 deaths and the remaining 320 odd crew from the Kormoran becoming POWs in Australia.
		However, her after guns returned a short but effective fire, hitting the Kormoran in the engine room and causing a fire that eventually was to prove fatal to the raider.
		On 19.11.1941, the auxiliary cruiser was detected by the Australian CL Sydney.
	forum.axishistory.com /viewtopic.php?t=53361 (3572 words)

	Naval Actions and losses 1941 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		German raider Pinguin attacked and sunk on May 8, by the 8" shells of British cruisers.
		Amphion class light cruiser HMAS Sydney ex HMS Phaeton sunk by German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran.
		A cruiser and three destroyers damaged and a further three destroyers forced to retire by shore batteries and air attack.
	www.wolftree.freeserve.co.uk /Naval/Naval_Actions_WW241Pac.html (369 words)

	German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The German auxiliary cruiser[follow this hyperlink for a summary of this topic] Kormoran (HSK-8, Exception Handler: No article summary found.
		Kormoran weighed 8,736 tons and had a top speed of 18-19 knots (Any of various fastenings formed by looping and tying a rope (or cord) upon itself or to another rope or to another object)
		German auxiliary cruiser Atlantis[for more info, Exception Handler: No article summary found.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/german_auxiliary_cruiser_kormoran (1618 words)

	Sinking of the hospital ship Centaur Australian War Memorial]
		The Centaur, 2/3rd Australian Hospital Ship, was a motor passenger ship converted in early 1943 for use as a hospital ship.
		In November 1941 it had rescued survivors of the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran after it had sunk and been sunk by HMAS Sydney.
		On 12 May 1943 the Centaur sailed unescorted from Sydney at 0945 hours carrying her crew and normal staff, as well as stores and equipment of the 2/12th Field Ambulance but no patients.
	www.awm.gov.au /encyclopedia/centaur/index.htm (405 words)

	Hilfskreuzer (Auxiliary Cruiser / Raider) - Kormoran
		At 9,400 tons, Kormoran was the biggest of all the German Auxiliary Cruisers, more than twice as big as Thor and Komet.
		Battle with the light cruiser HMAS Sydney at a close range of 1,000 meters off the coast of western Australia.
		Kormoran suffers four 6-inch hits, that start a major fire midships.
	www.bismarck-class.dk /hilfskreuzer/kormoran.html (1776 words)

	Prince Line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In September 1939 she was requisitioned by the German Navy, renamed Sperrbrecker XII and on 5th May 1941 sank after hitting a mine off Schiermonnikoog in the Frisian Islands.
		On 9th April 1941 she was captured by the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran and sunk 300 miles east of St. Pauls Rocks in the South Atlantic with loss of 5 lives by gunfire and 41 crewmembers were taken prisoner.
		On 3rd April 1941 she was bombed and sunk by German aircraft in the Kithera Strait, off Crete whilst sailing in convoy to bring re-enforcements to the island during the Greek campaign.
	www.red-duster.co.uk /PRINCE13.htm (2356 words)

	M/S Hermion - Norwegian Merchant Fleet 1939-1945
		Hermion was one of the Norwegian ships involved in the search for survivors from the Australian cruiser HMAS Sydney in Nov.-1941, but none were found (Herstein and Pan Europe were also involved, and according to this posting on my Ship Forum, Nordnes and Ohio also took part).
		Sydney had sunk, and had been sunk herself with a loss of all her men by the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran on Nov. 19 (survivors from the German cruiser had been rescued from rafts and lifeboats southwest of Carnarvon, West Australia by allied ships on Nov. 24).
		Hermion and 4 of the convoy's ships were rerouted to Oosthaven at the southern point of Sumatra, escorted by cruisers, while the Norwegian ship D/S Prominent and the rest of Convoy JS 1 were sent to Batavia, arriving Febr.
	www.warsailors.com /singleships/hermion.html (873 words)

	The Website Located at TomStockton.us - Ships - SYDNEY CL 1935
		At the beginning of World War II, SYDNEY was in service with the Australian fleet, but in early 1940, she was transferred to the Mediterranean and served with British forces there.
		On 19 November 1941, she engaged the German auxiliary cruiser KORMORAN off the coast of Western Australia.
		Survivors from the KORMORAN reported that SYDNEY was last seen steaming or drifting over the horizon, burning furiously.
	www.tomstockton.us /ships/ships_-_s/ships-sydney_cl_1935.htm (383 words)

	[No title]
		However, the standard German weapon in their merchant raiders was a 5.9-inch gun equipped with a truly superior optical director.
		The most famous incident involving raiders was the mutual destruction of the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran and the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney.
		Once the threat from German surface raiders diminished, Prince Robert was re-roled and given another expensive conversion, this time as an auxiliary anti-aircraft cruiser (CLAA) with ten 4-inch guns.
	www.seawaves.com /newsletters/TDIH/august/15Aug.txt (1548 words)

	German auxiliary cruiser Atlantis: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Exeters Captain radioed his suspicions about the "Japanese cruiser" to the Royal Navy (The royal navy of the united kingdom is the "senior service" of the armed services, being the oldest of its three...)
		He was buried in what is sometimes referred to as "the most southerly German soldier's grave".
		This was the three-funnelled heavy cruiser HMS Devonshire[click link for more facts about this subject].
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/german_auxiliary_cruiser_atlantis (5932 words)

	ADF :: Online Media Room (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		On 19 November 1941 SYDNEY was sunk with all hands off the Western Australian coast in an engagement with the German auxiliary cruiser HSK KORMORAN.
		The German vessel was also sunk in the engagement.
		On 16 November 2001, in accordance with the Government response to the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade ‘Report of the Loss of HMAS SYDNEY’, the Royal Australian Navy sponsored a public seminar in Fremantle.
	www.defence.gov.au /media/DepartmentalTpl.cfm?CurrentId=1587 (466 words)

	Ocean MC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Leander class was influenced by the York class heavy cruiser, and was an attempt to better provide for the role of commerce protection.
		In 1941, Sydney was sunk by the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran off the coast of Australia.
		HMS Daring, the first of the Royal Navy's £6 billion fleet of six Type 45 Destroyers, thundered down the slipway into the River Clyde in Glasgow today, spouting red, white and blue confetti from her formidable stern.
	www.royal-navy.org /shiplist/content/view/109/26 (957 words)

	Royal Navy Cruisers Part 4
		The first RN Cruisers built within the confines of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, limiting standard displacement for heavy (8-inch gun) cruisers to 10,000 tons.
		These guns gave the class the greatest fire-power of any cruiser the Royal Navy had ever built, with the water cooled 6-inch and 3-inch guns capable of firing 20 and 90 rounds per minute per gun respectivly (although this rate of fire would empty the magazines in a few minutes).
		Blake was the last cruiser in the Royal Navy and in December 1979 ended a 100 year tradition of RN Cruisers.
	www.btinternet.com /~a.c.walton/navy/rn-cr4.html (2882 words)

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