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Topic: German federal elections

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	Elections in Germany - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Elections in Germany gives information on election and election results in Germany, including elections to the Federal Diet (the lower house of the federal parliament), the Landtage of the various states, and local elections.
		Elections are conducted every 4 years, with the exact date of the election chosen by the outgoing government.
		German nationals over the age of 18 are eligible to vote, including most Germans resident outside Germany, and eligibility for candidacy is essentially the same as eligibility to vote.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elections_in_Germany (443 words)

	German Federal Election, 1961 [Definition] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Politics of Germany The Federal Republic of Germany (in German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is a federal representative democracy.
		Bundesrat The Bundesrat ("federal council") is the representation of the 16 Federal States (Bundesländer) of Germany at the federal level.
		The German federal election, 1961, was conducted on September 17, 1961, to elect members to the Bundestag The Bundestag ("Federal Diet") is the parliament of Germany.
	www.wikimirror.com /German_federal_election,_1961 (764 words)

	Election Resources on the Internet: Elections to the German Bundestag
		As a result, for the 1953 election the five percent threshold was set at the federal level, and the number of parties represented in the legislature dropped to seven.
		The Parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) consists of a lower house, the Bundestag, whose members are directly elected by universal adult suffrage, and an upper house, the Bundesrat, composed of representatives appointed by the Länder.
		Prior to the German reunification of 1990 (in which the Länder of the German Democratic Republic were incorporated into the FRG), there were 496 seats in the chamber: for the post-reunification legislative elections held in 1990, 160 seats were added to represent the new Länder and Berlin.
	electionresources.org /de (2498 words)

	German elections: A change of power in Bonn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The election represents a watershed in the German Federal Republic.
		After 16 years in office, Kohl's election defeat is due, in the first instance, to the build-up of dissatisfaction resulting from cuts in social programs, mass unemployment and falling living standards which affected broad layers of the population.
		Above all in the east, in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), the terrible social conditions are put at the door of the "Chancellor of Unity", Helmut Kohl.
	www.wsws.org /news/1998/sep1998/ger-s29.shtml (1500 words)

	GIIN Accra - Federal Elections
		The federal government under chancellor Schröder (SPD) is hoping for re-election, the candidate from the Christian Democratic Union (CDU/CSU), Edmund Stoiber, wishes to replace the social-democratic/green majority in the Bundestag with a conservative coalition.
		Since the first general elections to be held in the whole of Germany in 1990, there have been six parties in the Bundestag: the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), the Social Democratic Party (SPD), the Free Democratic Party (FPD), the Christian Social Union (CSU), the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) and Alliance 90/the Greens.
		The turnout for the Bundestag election of 1998 was 82,2 percent.
	www.goethe.de /af/acc/enwahl.htm (743 words)

	Elections and political parties in Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Federal Electoral Law provides for a postponement of an election in the case that this election could not be held in a riding, e.g.
		The Bundesrat (Federal Council) represents the 16 federal states (Bundesländer) and participates in the legislation and administration at the federal level.
		The German political parties are active in the federal parliament (Bundestag), the state legislature (Landtag/ Bürgerschaft/ Abgeordnetenhaus) and the district and municipal councils (Kreis- and Gemeinderäte).
	www.german-embassy.org.uk /elections_and_political_partie.html (3295 words)

	European elections: debacle for the German SPD
		In parallel with the European elections, there was a ballot for the legislature in the east German state of Thuringia.
		With 14.5 percent, the SPD recorded the second-worst result in a federal poll in its history, and this was in the state where the SPD was founded in the nineteenth century.
		The SPD reacted to the election debacle with exhortations to persevere.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2004/jun2004/germ-j22.shtml (1550 words)

	Commentary Magazine - Why Democracy Is Losing in Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Gurland, A. THE German federal elections of August 4 marked the difficult birth, thirty years after the promulgation of the Weimar Constitution, of a new German republic in the greater part of a...
		...THE German federal elections of August 4 marked the difficult birth, thirty years after the promulgation of the Weimar Constitution, of a new German republic in the greater part of a dismembered Germany...
		...German Land (provincial) governments, first appointed by occupation authorities and later elected by popular vote, were prevailed upon to enact civil service codes with much more rigid guarantees of special privileges for officials than had been enjoyed under Imperial, Weimar, or Nazi civil service regulations...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V8I3P29-1.htm (5879 words)

	GERMANY
		Initially, Germans living abroad in a Member State of the Council of Europe were entitled to vote only during the first 10 years from the time that they left the Federal Republic.
		The Federal Electoral Law was amended in 1985 to extend suffrage indefinitely to German nationals living abroad in a member state of the Council of Europe.
		By 1972, the election age was lowered to 21 and in 1976, the minimum age was established at 18.
	bolt.lakeheadu.ca /~polisci/elections.htm (3639 words)

	German Elections: September 27, 1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In this article German News portrays the election process in Germany as well as the main features of the election programmes of the six main parties standing for election.
		The Federal Chancellor must be elected with absolute majority, and if this does not come about in the first two ballots, then a simple majority will suffice in the third ballot.
		Since his election as the Federal Chancellor in 1982, he has been heading the Government consisting of ministers of the CDU, CSU and FDP.
	www.germanembassy-india.org /news/GN98sep/gn06.htm (684 words)

	Legislative elections in Germany: impact on foreign policy
		Chronology of important events in the German political and economic history between 1945 and 2002.
		German Statistics National Institute' site section devoted to the electoral polls for the Bundestag elections of September 2002.
		The Association was established within the United Kingdom in 1974 to promote the study and teaching of German politics and society, in their widest possible context, amongst new and established scholars and to encourage postgraduate students.
	www.diplomaticnet.com /uk/act/act67.html (680 words)

	Socialist Affairs \| Profile: Gerhard Schröder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Polling notably in the east of the country in what, before re-unification, was known as the German Democratic Republic, they fell well short of the share of the poll that some pollsters and commentators had predicted before the election.
		The election also marks a personal triumph for the champion of the SPD who was named chancellor by the President of the Federal Republic, the Christian Democrat Roman Herzog, after Schröder gained a majority of the Bundestag in the first round of voting.
		The new German leader has risen from a difficult and deprived childhood to the most important post in his country and one of the most important in Europe.
	www.socialistinternational.org /9SocAffairs/3-V47/Schroder.html (1288 words)

	Speeches - "Transatlantic Relations after the German Elections" - Speech by Karsten D. Voigt, Coordinator of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The German people were the one's who after Sept. 11 demonstrated second to none their horror, grief and sympathy with the American people.
		Germans are less thinking that it will be the best for the future of their own country if it takes an active role in world affairs;
		A final remark on this: As an outcome of the general elections, the only political party in the former Bundestag which is truly anti-American, the PDS didn't make the cut and stays shut out of the parliament for the first time in their existence.
	www.auswaertiges-amt.de /www/en/ausgabe_archiv?archiv_id=3740 (3732 words)

	macroblog: The German Elections... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder plans to hold a parliamentary confidence vote by the beginning of July, the chairman of his Social Democratic Party said Monday, a move that would mean new elections must be held by Sept. 18 if Mr.
		Schroeder on Sunday called for early national elections after his party suffered a stinging defeat in a state vote in a traditional stronghold...
		Had elections been held next year, the opposition might have found a different candidate.
	macroblog.typepad.com /macroblog/2005/05/the_german_elec.html (524 words)

	Grundgesetz -- German Constitution (May 23, 1949--Last amended August 31, 1990; English translation)
		(1) The scrutiny of elections is the responsibility of the Bundestag.
		If new functions arise for the Federation in matters on which it has the power to legislate, Federal authorities at intermediate and lower level may be established in case of urgent need, with the consent of the Bundesrat and of the majority of the members of the Bundestag.
		The requirements of the Federation and of the Länder in respect of budget coverage shall be coordinated in such a way that a fair equalization is achieved, any overburdening of taxpayers precluded, and uniformity of living standards in the Federal territory ensured.
	library.byu.edu /~rdh/eurodocs/germ/ggeng.html (17395 words)

	Wortfeld » Talking points: German elections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Today’s was the seventh state (LÃ¤nder) election since the beginning of 2004, and the SPD lost in Hamburg, Thuringia, Brandenburg, Saarland, Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein and now North Rhine-Westphalia.
		Because of the German federal political system, LÃ¤nder (state) elections have an impact on the federal level, since the states are represented in the Bundesrat.
		SchrÃ¶der tried to reform the German social system and labour market; the notorious Hartz IV reform started in January 2005.
	www.wortfeld.de /2005/05/talking_points_german_elections (923 words)

	COFI-Germany Declaration on the Federal Elections
		A couple of weeks after the elections, voters are now facing the fact that they have systematically been lied to by the leaders of the coalition.
		The German masses, however, are even more concerned about the ever-increasing attacks on their standard of living and social security.
		A success of the PDS in elections would only further strengthen the rightward shift of this party, as it would be understood as a reward for the policies of its present leadership.
	www.lrp-cofi.org /PR/GermanyPR65.html (1667 words)

	Federal Statistical Office Germany
		Organised by the Federal Statistical Office Germany and supported by Eurostat, the European Conference on Quality and Methodology in Official Statistics (Q2004) took place 24-26 May 2004 in Mainz, Germany.
		Its overall goal was to bring together people representing the current level of knowledge and new developments in the field of quality and methodology in statistics in Europe and the rest of the world.
		Many of the data that are collected by the Federal Statistical Office and the statistical offices of the Länder in Germany have some regional relation to administrative units such as rural districts, towns not attached to an adminstrative district or administrative regions.
	www.destatis.de /e_home.htm (467 words)

	German Embassy Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Speaking at the end of G8-Conference on Friday, Federal Chancellor SchrÃ¶der told journalists that despite the attacks in London, which had naturally overshadowed the conference, the G8 leaders did not allow these tragic events to deter them from reaching agreement on other crucial matters on the G8 Agenda.
		Federal President Horst KÃ¶hler, Chancellor Gerhard SchrÃ¶der and Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer all sharply condemned the terrorist attacks in London on 7 July, and offered their condolences.
		At a ceremony at the German Embassy on Tuesday 24 May 2005 the Rt.
	www.german-embassy.org.uk (789 words)

	[No title]
		The database consists of one-off studies, panel studies, and cumulated studies.
		It comprises representative surveys for all German federal elections held between 1949 and 1998 ( Study Profiles, CD-ROM).
		This data collection comprises individual studies on all German federal elections between 1976 and 1990.
	www.gesis.org /en/Data_service/election_studies/BTW (105 words)

	German Elections - Political Review
		Describes the voting system for German Federal elections, with discussion, statistics, and links related to unusual characteristics such as with
		Even for people who know German pretty well it can be a confusing alphabet soup when reading or hearing about the recent German elections or German politics in general.
		Read on for background on the election, campaign analysis and final election results from this defining moment in German history.
	www.politique-opinion.com /german-elections.html (255 words)

	Orit Kedar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Using data from German federal and Land elections between 1965-2002, I establish voting patterns in state elections and their relationship to voting in federal elections.
		I first demonstrate that unless elections are concurrent, the party holding the chancellery systematically loses seats instate elections, and that the extent to which voters withdraw their support from the party holding the chancellery depends on the timing of the elections with respect to the federal cycle.
		Following these finding, I then sample particular elections and employ a micro-foundational analysis based on survey data from these elections.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~oritk/research.htm (647 words)

	Interviews - Interview with Karsten D. Voigt, Coordinator of German-American Cooperation in the Federal Foreign Office ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Just like us, the Americans are keen for the mission in Afghanistan to be a success and for the Germans to take on the lead-nation function.
		This means it wouldn't be sensible for the Germans to do something now where they are not sure whether or not it is right, nor would it be right for the Americans to do something now where they are not convinced.
		(on the elections to the US Congress) Normally the current President loses ground in the mid-term elections because the people notice he isn't all that much better than his predecessor and there are many promises he can't keep.
	www.auswaertiges-amt.de /www/en/ausgabe_archiv?archiv_id=3717 (698 words)

	Historical German Election Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Elections to the Federal Parliament, October 1994 (Tables)
		Elections to the Federal Parliament prior to 1994
		State Election in Saxony and Brandenburg, September 19, 2004
	www.aicgs.org /wahlen/history.shtml (33 words)

	German Election Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		AICGS also collects historical data on the results of all European, Federal (and Volkskammer), and State elections in the Federal Republic since 1946.
		A previous AICGS series, " Germany in the Year of Decision ", provided an in-depth look at the issues that surrounded the 1998 federal elections.
		The first such series was entitled Germany After the 1998 Election and dealt with that election's impact on Germany and the world.
	www.aicgs.org /wahlen/index.shtml (141 words)

	warburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Curry was a member of the ACG journalists' delegation to Germany to observe the elections.
		Wolfgang Vorwerk, Consul General of the Federal Republic of Germany in Boston, on “The Transatlantic Partnership and the Challenges of the Middle East: Reflections by a German Diplomat”
		German Culture Center of the University of Missouri-St. Louis and Tom and Ulrike Schlafly, with
	www.acgusa.org /warburg.htm (8577 words)

	CNN.com Election 2002
		Going into the 2002 elections, President Bush campaigned hard for voters to elect a Republican Congress and he got his wish.
		Republicans expanded their majority in the House and regained control of the Senate.
		CNN's political analysts offer their views on the midterm elections
	www.cnn.com /ELECTION/2002 (136 words)

	2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		November 21 – Discussion and luncheon with Ambassador Shimon Stein, Israeli Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany, on "German-Israeli Relations: A Discussion with the Israeli Ambassador to Berlin"
		Hinrich Lehmann-Grube, Former Mayor of Leipzig, on "Key Election and Post-Election Issues: Perspectives from East and West," in cooperation with the Friedrich Ebert Foundation
		June 14 – Discussion and breakfast, in cooperation with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, with Reinhard Bütikofer, General Secretary of Germany's Green Party, on “Key Issues in the German Federal Elections and the New Green Party Platform”
	www.acgusa.org /2002.htm (824 words)

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