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Topic: German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee

	German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Admiral Graf Spee was launched by Germany in 1934 and named after the World War I Admiral Graf Maximilian von Spee who died, along with two of his sons, in the first Battle of the Falkland Islands on 8 December 1914.
		Admiral Graf Spee sailed from Wilhelmshaven, Germany, on 21 August 1939, her mission to act as a raider in the South Atlantic.
		On 10 February 2006, the eagle figurehead of the Graf Spee was recovered.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_battleship_Admiral_Graf_Spee (1174 words)

	USS Salem CA-139 Movie Star
		The USS Salem starred as the German Pocket Battleship "Admiral Graf Spee" in the 1956 English film, "The Battle of the River Plate".
		John Gregson heads the cast as Captain Bell, skipper of the Exeter, one of several vessels engaged in pursuit of the "indestructable" Geman battleship Graf Spee.
		Eventually, however, German captain Langsdorff (Peter Finch) is faced with a difficult decision: either stand his ground and fight a losing battle against the Exeter and its sister ships, or scuttle the Graf Spee and save the lives of his crew.
	www.uss-salem.org /museum/history/movie_star.htm (186 words)

	German pocket battleship Admiral Scheer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Admiral Scheer was a Deutschland class heavy cruiser (often termed a pocket battleship) which served with the Kriegsmarine of Nazi Germany during World War II.
		Admiral Scheer was modified throughout the early months of the war and went to sea on 14 October 1940.
		Following Hitler's anger at the alleged failings of the Kriegsmarine, Admiral Raeder was replaced by Admiral Doenitz and the German surface fleet rarely left port.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_pocket_battleship_Admiral_Scheer (1016 words)

	German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Admiral Graf Spee was launched by Germany in 1934 and named after the World War I Admiral Graf Maximilian von Spee who died in the first Battle of the Falkland Islands on 8 December 1914.
		Before Admiral Graf Spee was given her official name, she was refered to as Panzerschiff C and Ersatz Braunschweig, as she would be replacing the old battlewhip Braunschweig in the fleet inventory.
		German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee, Description, History, Battle of the River Plate, Salvage, Commanding Officers, References, See also, External links, World War II battleships of Germany, World War II cruisers of Germany, Shipwrecks and Battle of the River Plate.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Admiral_Graf_Spee (1176 words)

	Battle of the River Plate HMSO Official Account (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The Admiral Graf Spee had turned away to the westward under cover of a smoke screen, and the two six-inch gun cruisers were hauling round to the north-westward in pursuit, accepting the fact that this entailed being unable to bring the after guns to bear on the enemy.
		At 10-48 the Admiral Graf Spee was observed to be about 7 miles east of the Whistle buoy at the entrance to the Montevideo channel, and it was clear that the defeated German raider was about to seek the shelter of the neutral harbour of Montevideo.
		Should the Admiral Graf Spee come out, she was to be shadowed, and the three British cruisers were to concentrate sufficiently far to seaward to enable a concerted attack to be delivered on the enemy.
	www.rnzncomms.net.nz /jackharker/achillesHMSO.html (14148 words)

	River Plate, Battle of the - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about River Plate, Battle of the
		The British damaged the Graf Spee and pursued it as it sought refuge in Montevideo, Uruguay.
		German fire seriously damaged HMS Exeter, put half of HMS Ajax's guns out of action, and then damaged HMS Achilles, but the cruisers did sufficient damage to the German ship to make its captain break off and run for shelter in Montevideo, Uruguay.
		Hitler, reluctant to risk the Graf Spee being sunk by heavier British warships which were sailing for the River Plate, ordered the captain to scuttle the vessel.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /River+Plate,+Battle+of+the (236 words)

	Pocket battleship (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		German Pocket Battleships: After the end of World War I, the German Navy came upwith the concept of the Panzerschiffe, or Pocket Battleship, as a method of...
		Pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee was scuttled by her crew off Montevideo inDecember 1939, rather than face a resumption of the Battle of the River Plate...
		German Pocket Battleships 1939-45 (New Vanguard 75) by Gordon Williamson,...Thus, the pocket battleship concept was obsolete early in the war.
	www.deluxeroulette.com /pocket+battleship.html (1028 words)

	Dudley Pope
		Assisted by captured German naval records, the author details the search and action during December 1939 with the pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee.
		Details its reign in the South Atlantic, the battle of the River Plate and the subsequent scuttling of the German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee.
		Pope explores the damage inflicted upon the German Navy by the British Navy in battles fought mainly by destroyers.
	www.winthrop.dk /dpope4.html (960 words)

	German , Nurnberg, Lutzow, Admiral Hipper, Graf Spee, Scheer, Tirpitz, Bismarck, Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, Graf, ...
		German U-boats and two pocket battleships sail for their war stations in the Atlantic late August.
		German Surface Warships and Raiders - Pocket battleship "Admiral Scheer" sails from Germany for the Atlantic and later Indian Oceans.
		German Heavy Warships and Raiders - Pocket battleship "Admiral Scheer" is hunting in the South Atlantic, while battlecruisers "Scharnhorst" and "Gneisenau" in Germany and heavy cruiser "Hipper" in Brest, France prepare to sail.
	www.naval-history.net /WW2CampaignsGermanWarships.htm (7227 words)

	icWales - Divers aim to raise the Graf Spee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Feared by many navies at the outset of the war, the Graf Spee - a pocket battleship which carried less powerful guns and was smaller than a conventional battleship - fought one of the early important naval battles of the war when it was spotted by British forces off the South American coast.
		The Battle of the River Plate began on December 13, 1939, near the mouth of the river as the German warship was pursued by a group consisting of the British light cruisers Exeter and Achilles, and the Ajax of New Zealand, under the command of Commodore Henry Harwood.
		The Graf Spee was crippled in the fight after receiving several direct hits and Captain Hans Langsdorff decided to seek refuge in Montevideo harbour but was unable to make the necessary repairs within the 72-hour period afforded in a neutral harbour by international convention.
	icwales.icnetwork.co.uk /0100news/0700world/content_objectid%3D13912412_method%3Dfull_siteid%3D50082_headline%3D-Divers-aim-to-raise-the-Graf-Spee-name_page.html (580 words)

	Hans Langsdorff (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Kapitan zur See Hans Wilhelm Langsdorff was a German naval officer, most famous for his command of the Panzerschiff (pocket battleship) Admiral Graf Spee during the Battle of the River Plate.
		Hans Langsdorff was born on the island of Rugen in 1894, the eldest son of a family with legal and religious traditions rather than a naval tradition.
		In 1898 the family moved to Dusseldorf, where they were neighbours of the family of Count (Graf) Maximilian von Spee, who was to become a German naval hero (while losing his entire command) in the Battle of the Falkland Islands in 1914.
	www.termsdefined.net /ha/hans-langsdorff.html (936 words)

	Trexle - Battleships (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The legend of battleship Bismarck - This site is dedicated for the living memory of battleship Bismarck and her brave sailors who died aboard during the course of Operation Rheinubung.
		The German Battleship Bismarck - The largest and most powerful warship of her time, the Bismarck fought against a far superior enemy in a honorable way.
		KBismarck.com - The Battleship Bismarck - Devoted to the legendary German battleship.
	www.trexle.com /Directory/Top/Society/Military/Naval/Battleships (492 words)

	- - Uruguay Natural - -
		In the port of Montevideo, we find a monument with the anchor of the German pocket battleship "Admiral Graf Spee", which was one of the contenders in "The Battle of the River Plate", during the Second World War.
		At the end of 1939, the "Graf Spee" was surprised by three smaller British ships, opposite the coast of Punta del Este (their anchors are now shown there).
		On the 17th of December, the "Graf Spee" left port and, to the astonishment of the crowd that was watching its departure, the battleship was blown up and sunk outside Montevideo harbour, by decision of its captain.
	www.turismo.gub.uy /conozca/ingles/historico/san_carlos.htm (357 words)

	Divers Aim To Raise The Graf Spree (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The term "Pocket Battleship" was hung on her by the British who wanted to emphasize the point that she was built in violation of the tonnage limits placed on the Germans by the Treaty of Versailles.
		The Admiral Graf Spee was scuttled in Montevideo harbor in 1939
		The Graf Spee -- damaged as she was -- constituted a superior force to the allied cruiser force.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1071468/posts (3117 words)

	Royal Australian Navy Gun Plot - Battle of the River Plate
		Soon after dawn a German vessel was sighted, it proved to be the German pocket battleship “Admiral Graf Spee” which had been preying on Allied shipping in those waters, she immediately opened fire on “HMS Exeter,” and after one or two ineffectual salvos she scored a direct hit.
		Although the German ship’s armament was half as much again as the combined broadsides of the three British cruisers, “Ajax” and “Achilles,” using incredibly daring tactics, harried their more powerful opponent with such effect that she was forced to seek refuge in Montevideo Harbour in a damaged condition.
		It was a frightening prospect being in the path of 12,000 tons of armour-plated battleship with superior firepower, but it was still odd that she should have chosen to come in and fight when she could have dictated the entire battle at long range.
	www.gunplot.net /gunners/battleofriverplate.html (4322 words)

	uboat.net - Allied Warships - Light cruiser HMS Ajax of the Leander class
		She was damaged by the German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee during the Battle of the River Plate on 13 December 1939.
		They initally identifed the Graf Spee's smoke as a merchant ship and HMS Exeter was detached to take a message to her, but soon the mistake was realised.
		The Admiral Graf Spee suffered 36 dead and 60 wounded, hit by seventeen 6 inch shells and two eight inch shells, with water purification and desalination plant destroyed and kitchens wrecked she was allowed just 72 hours to make good her the damage that threatened her seaworthness she was unable to do so.
	uboat.net /allies/warships/ship/4002.html (947 words)

	Ahoy - Mac's Web Log-The Battle of the River Plate. 13th. December 1939.-
		Graf Spee was still 16,000 yards from theFirst Division, and they were ordered to close the enemy at speed, accepting they would lose the benefit of having their guns bear on the enemy whilst they steamed closer to the German ship.
		At 0732 (7.32 AM) Graf Spee turned away to the West and started to zig zag, and Ajax seemed to be making good use of her three available guns, one of the hoists had failed in B turret, and both X and Y turrets were out of action.
		Graf Spee was reported to have landed all the borrowed welding equipment in the forenoon.
	www.ahoy.tk-jk.net /macslog/TheBattleoftheRiverPlate..html (3844 words)

	MSN Encarta - Archive Article - 1939: Uruguay
		In accord with the Hague Convention of 1907, Uruguay ordered the Graf Spee to leave the port of Montevideo, where it had taken refuge, which resulted in its being scuttled.
		Because of its assistance to the Admiral Graf Spee, the German freighter Tacoma, as an auxiliary naval vessel, was interned by Uruguay.
		To prevent the repetition of this situation, Uruguay and Argentina are considering legislation similar to Brazil's neutrality law, which provides for the immediate internment of any belligerent warship seeking refuge in a neutral port.
	encarta.msn.com /sidebar_461501635/1939_Uruguay.html (667 words)

	Admiral Graf Spee
		ADMIRAL GRAFF SPEE, Built at Wilhelmshaven Navy Yard and launched 30th June 1934 and commissioned 6th January 1936, from the outset of The second World war, she quickly operated as a commerce raider sinking a total of 50,089 tons of shipping.
		Showing visible signs of her tangle with British cruisers at the Battle of the River Plate, the German pocket battleship Graf Spee slips into the neutral waters of the Montevideo roadstead accompanied by the Uruguayan gunboat Rio Negro for light repairs.
		This was to be the last haven for the Graf Spee which was later scuttled at the harbour mouth, her commander Kapitan zur See Langsdorff believing a large British fleet to be waiting for attempted escape into the South Atlantic.
	naval-art.com /graf_spee.htm (1170 words)

	ISGraf (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The Graf Spee sailed on Aug. 21 1939 to a holding area in the South Atlantic, where she waited until commencing her first wartime mission as a surface raider.
		The Iron Shipwright kit depicts Graf Spee as she appeared at the time of her 1939 scuttling.
		I may yet purchase another Graf Spee so that I can display her in the camo pattern worn at the time of her 1939 scuttling.
	www.steelnavy.com /ISGraf.htm (828 words)

	BBC - WW2 People's War - 'Admiral Graf Spee' Sunk - A1152262
		Outcome:Admiral Graf Spee deliberately sunk in neutral waters and Captain Hans Langdorff committed suicide.
		Admiral Graf Spee commanded by Captain Hans Langdorff, the Altmark, Commodore Henry Harwood, HMS Exeter, Ajax and Achilles
		The Battle of River Plate was fought on 13 December 1939 between the German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee and the Allied Naval task force.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/ww2/A1152262 (509 words)

	The Battle of the River Plate
		The USS Salem starred as the German Pocket Battleship "Admiral Graf Spee" in the 1956 English movie, "The Battle of the River Plate" (http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0048990/).
		After being chased and damaged in a running sea battle with the British cruisers, HMS Ajax, HMNZS Achilles, and HMS Exeter in the South Atlantic off of Uruguay, the German sea raider, Graf Spee, under the command of Captain Hans Langsdorff, was forced to seek repairs.
		The Graf Spee made its way to the River Plate estuary (actual name, "Rio de la Plata", meaning 'Silver River' in English) and entered Montevideo harbor in neutral Uruguay where she sought repairs and sanctuary for her wounded sailors while the British ships waited in the estuary outside the harbor.
	www.willshak.com /salem/grafspee.html (443 words)

	The Battle of the River Plate (movie): Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about The Battle of the River ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The Battle of the River Plate (US title:Pursuit of the Graf Spee) is a 1956 British movie written, produced, and directed by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger.
		It portrays the eponymous naval battle of 1939, between a Commonwealth force of three cruisers (HMS Exeter, HMS Ajax and HMNZS Achilles) and the German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee.
		Unlike most British war movies of the time, The Battle of the River Plate is notable in treating the German sailors as honourable opponents rather than as cardboard cut-out "Huns".
	www.encyclopedian.com /pu/Pursuit-of-the-Graf-Spee.html (168 words)

	Battle of Atlantic, River Plate, Phoney war (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		German Heavy Warships - Pocket battleship "Admiral Graf Spee" sinks her first ship in the Atlantic off Brazil on the 30th September.
		Warsaw surrenders to the German Army on the 28th and next day the country is partitioned in accordance with the Soviet-German Pact.
		German Raiders -Converted from a merchantman and heavily armed, auxiliary cruiser “Atlantis” sails for the Indian Ocean round the Cape of Good Hope.
	www.naval-history.net /WW2193909.htm (3447 words)

	Birkenhead-Built: An Unrivaled Historical Legacy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		On the morning of May 27, 1941, with H.M.S. King George V intercepted and engaged the German battleship Bismarck in the North Atlantic, bringing an end to the German ship’s brief but dramatic sortie.
		With H.M.S. Exeter and H.M.S. Ajax, engaged and damaged the German "pocket battleship" Admiral Graf Spee on December 13, 1939 in the Battle of the River Plate.
		(Graf Spee was subsequently scuttled by her own crew at Montevideo.) In 1941 recommissioned into the new Royal New Zealand Navy.
	nautarch.tamu.edu /PROJECTS/denbigh/Laird.htm (1631 words)

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