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Topic: German political scandals

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Chancellor

	Building the Fourth Estate: CHAPTER ONE
		Political opening may be an important contributor to the emergence of an independent press, but it is not the only one.
		Political liberalization leads to a relaxation in censorship, constrains the arbitrary use of power against independent media outlets, and encourages reform in the legal structure governing the press.
		Based on a review of twelve shocking political events, it argues that media opening was the primary cause of the devastating scandals that rocked Mexican politics during the mid-1990s.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/9586/9586.ch01.html (3535 words)

	Democracy at Large - Volume 2, No. 4 - Political Corruption: Democracy's Hidden Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		As scandals pass and new priorities emerge, countries can lose their enthusiasm for political finance reform, and for providing the financial and human resources needed to carry out the fight against political corruption.
		When political candidates do not compete on a level playing field because some of them have access to money from illegitimate sources, voters can become cynical about the democratic political process and the role of their representatives—the political parties—in it.
		Major political scandals, an increasingly sophisticated electorate and media, better transparency in public life and public pressure to reform legal frameworks all played a fundamental role in causing this change.
	www.democracyatlarge.org /vol2_no4/vol2_no4_Walecki.htm (2381 words)

	Germany History \| iExplore.com
		It is often said that the Germanic tribes destroyed the Roman Empire, but the Visigoths, Ostrogoths and Franks who settled in Western Europe after the deposition of the Emperor Romulus in AD 476 were anxious to perpetuate some parts of a system which they both admired and found administratively convenient.
		German unification continued apace throughout the century, the most influential figure in the process being Count (later Prince) Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor under Emperor Wilhelm I. Various wars, both offensive and defensive, were fought with other European states, of which the most notable was the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71).
		Political power in the GDR was vested solely in the hands of the Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (SED – Socialist Unity Party), an amalgam of leftist and pre-war anti-fascist parties dominated by the Communist Party.
	www.iexplore.com /dmap/Germany/History (2369 words)

	The Story of German South West Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		German intervention in the western portion of the colonisable southern part of the Continent, between the Kunene and Orange rivers, known as Ovamboland, Damaraland and Great Namaqualand with an estimated area of 322,450 square miles, began in 1883 and attained its fullest territorial limits in 1890.
		German missionaries were working in Great Namaqualand as far back as the early 'forties of last century, and ever since the British Government settled in Cape Colony the 2,000 Germans of the Foreign Legion, which it had raised for the Crimean War, South Africa has seen a steady trickle of German immigration.
		The natural consequence of this rivalry was that the natives were used by both parties to attain their several ends, and that a peaceful establishment of German political control was afterwards made more difficult than it would otherwise have been, and the temptation to precipitate and high-handed action was stronger.
	www.boondocksnet.com /editions/morel/morel06.html (1663 words)

	D@dalos education server - Democracy: Scandals
		The theory, which states that scandals of this kind actually lead to a strengthening of democracy in the country affected, might indeed be difficult to disprove.
		Real scandals (in contrast to artificial ones) and the way in which they are dealt with politically and constitutionally provide evidence that the control measures in place are actually effective and working.
		In a democracy, however, when political controversy is revealed to the public it is subject to correction either by the electorate at the ballot box, by the judiciary or by other constitutional institutions.
	www.dadalos.org /int/Demokratie/demokratie/Grundkurs4/skandale.htm (1178 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Political scientists as well as political practitioners on both sides of the Atlantic agree upon the continuing decline of traditional political parties as major source of the loss of political leadership and responsibility (i.e., Martin P. Wattenberg: The Decline of American Political Parties, 1952-1996, Cambridge, Mass., 1998; Franz Walter/Tobias Dürr: Die Heimatlosigkeit der Macht.
		Political leadership suffers from the erosion of parties: leadership in the U.S. Congress, where party leaders have lost the power to tell their troops that something is really significant and to get them to respond accordingly, where party responsibility does not have any real meaning any more.
		As a consequence of party weaknesses, political leaders are no longer, at least not in the first line, "produced" by political parties or their regulars, but through the media, the role of which in shaping the public agenda is permanently growing, and by demoscopic factors.
	www.civiced.org /german_conference2000_wasser.html (4398 words)

	CNN Transcript - CNN Insight: Crisis In Germany's CDU Party - February 17, 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		German prosecutors launched a criminal investigation against the former chancellor, and every day new revelations came to the surface - bank accounts abroad in Switzerland, in Luxembourg, in Liechtenstein, some of them 30 years old; cash handed over by weapons dealers on Swiss parking lots; envelopes full of deutsche marks handed to CDU officials.
		Firstly, if one has a situation where almost all the main political parties are in some way compromised by scandal, it's difficult then for the public to register their disapproval.
		If one looks at the history of the Italian corruption scandal and how it unfolded over the last almost 10 years it is now, magistrates who were determined to find out what was going on, who were strong enough to stand up to political pressure, actually did make a change.
	edition.cnn.com /TRANSCRIPTS/0002/17/i_ins.00.html (2573 words)

	Political Corruption: Literature and links
		But in a world in which anti-corruption strategies themselves are often thinly disguised examples of political corruption, the ways in which political systems address their own corruption are as varied and fascinating in character as crucial to comprehend.
		Political Corruption in Transition is distinguished from similar publications by at least two features: by the quality of the carefully selected and edited essays and by its original treatment.
		German financial cooperation is increasingly obliged to deal with issues related to the appropriateness of defense expenditures and to the efficient and transparent preparation and implementation of the defense budget.
	www.u4.no /themes/political-corruption/literature.cfm (5672 words)

	The German Reformation From The Diet Of Augsburg To The Death Of Luther (1530-1546)
		The dissatisfaction not unnaturally springing from lack of affinity was aggravated by bodily disorders and an unhappy propensity of his spouse.
		If a second compensation were to be noted, it might be found in the revelation that was called forth of Luther's staunchness and strength, in the hardihood with which he bore the opprobrium, and in the might with which he lifted up Melanchthon from the very gates of death.
		Heart and mind of the Germans were in his hand like the lyre in the hand of the musician.
	www.edwardtbabinski.us /sheldon/german_reformation.html (1712 words)

	CNN.com - Defiant Kohl tells German inquiry panel bribes 'didn't happen' - June 29, 2000
		BERLIN (CNN) -- Former German Chancellor Helmut Kohl defiantly denied he or his government had ever accepted bribes, telling a parliamentary inquiry panel in Berlin on Thursday that the investigation into a campaign finance scandal was "an unprecedented attempt to defame me."
		The scandal erupted last fall when Kohl, the former leader of the conservative Christian Democratic Union party, admitted accepting undeclared, and thus illegal, donations while he served as chancellor.
		The scandal cost Kohl's successor at the helm of the Christian Democrats, Wolfgang Schaeuble, his post, and left Kohl himself virtually banished from public life.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/WORLD/europe/06/29/germany.kohl.02/index.html (646 words)

	The German political scene
		She is one of the rare politicians of the collapsing GDR surviving on the top-CDU level.
		At the first free elections for the East German Parliament some ten years ago, she was a member of the Democratic Forum, a movement that distanced itself from the East-CDU, a party that had served as a pseudo-democratic fig leaf for the Communists.
		A year later, as the financial scandals within the CDU broke, she was again one of the first to speak up.
	www.cosmopolis.ch /english/cosmo6/merkelcdu.htm (1497 words)

	Nations and States
		Hüllen, 49, the father of two children, is the latest development in a widening scandal that has prompted repeated comparisons to the web of corruption whose revelation brought down Italy's Christian Democrats after the end of the cold war.
		German Christian Democracy is not Italian Christian Democracy -- it is better organized, it has not held a monopoly on postwar power, and it represents a respectable German right in a way that may be irreplaceable.
		Kohl's defiance, and in the absence of any "donors" coming forward to identify themselves, suspicions have been growing that some or all of the money that the former chancellor says he received may in fact have come from overseas bank accounts maintained to manage illegal payments and kickbacks to the party.
	www.globalpolicy.org /nations/corrupt/kohl5.htm (1058 words)

	Germany Alert - July - August 1997
		Mainline German politics holds that the Greens are a leftist party, although political observers have cast doubt on that analysis.
		BONN -- The German government added insult to injury as it claimed Monday that soldiers who taped themselves "practicing" executions and rapes were "not politically motivated." But the Defense Ministry, acting as international protest at the incident spread, fired a soldier who took part in the mock atrocities.
		From Nazi spymasters in the postwar German intelligence services to the fanatical forces behind the Oklahoma City bombing, fascism has not only survived World War II, it is fast becoming a force to be reckoned with in international politics.
	germanyalert.com /970701.htm (1669 words)

	German troops 'had Nazi symbol' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A German magazine has published a photograph showing a Nazi-like symbol on a vehicle allegedly used by German troops bound for Afghanistan.
		It follows the recent scandal of photographs of German soldiers posing with human skulls and skeletons.
		The recent scandals have sparked a fierce debate in Germany about whether the army here is ready to take on a greater role abroad.
	www.infowars.com /articles/ps/german_troops_had_nazi_symbol.htm (238 words)

	Political scandal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A political scandal is a scandal in which politicians or government officials engage in various illegal or unethical practices.
		A political scandal can involve the breaking of the nation's laws or plotting to do so.
		Some political scandals are sex scandals involving a politician.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Political_scandal (76 words)

	The Clintongate Administration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Along with the Lewinsky scandal comes evidence that she was instructed how to hide the affair by Clinton and offered a job by Vernon Jordan - as an "incentive" to remain quiet.
		The Rich pardon appears to be a political pay off and, though the president may constitutionally pardon anyone, it appears he abused his authority in a quid pro quo pardon in exchange for political donations.
		Amidst the scandals, it was discovered that Hillary Clinton hired a "psychic" and attempted to "talk" with Eleanor Roosevelt.
	members.tripod.com /~GOPcapitalist/clinton-scandals.html (4631 words)

	CBC - Canada Votes 2006 - Analysis and Commentary - New Canadians
		The Gerda Munsinger scandal: The guilty parties were already out of office by the time the Canadian public learned that some Progressive Conservative cabinet ministers had been consorting with an East German playgirl who may have been a KGB spy.
		The hospital document scandal: In January of 1978, Solicitor General Francis Fox was forced to resign from Pierre Trudeau's Liberal cabinet after he was found to have helped procure an abortion for a woman with whom he had had an affair.
		Fury over the sponsorship scandal was seen as a major factor in the June 2004 federal election, which saw new Liberal Leader Paul Martin reduced to a minority government.
	www.cbc.ca /canadavotes/analysiscommentary/scandals.html (2613 words)

	Commanding Heights : France Political \| on PBS
		The Radical Édouard Daladier forms a new government, but must resign after a financial and political scandal.
		A series of impermanent governments are unable to stem inflation or the political and social unrest in the colony of Indochina.
		But economic recession and political scandal cause Cresson's popularity to plummet, pulling Mitterrand's down as well.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/fr/fr_political.html (1210 words)

	Socialism Today - Germany's Tories in crisis
		THE DREAM of the former chancellor, Helmut Kohl, was to go down in history as the architect of German reunification, European unification and as the chancellor with the longest term of office in German post-war history.
		The present corruption scandal involving German bourgeois politicians is only the latest of a long list of scandals throughout the last decade.
		Sozialistische Alternative Voran, the German section of the Committee for a Workers' International, is calling for an independent inquiry composed of trade union delegates to bring out the truth about the financing of all political parties.
	www.socialismtoday.org /45/cdu.html (955 words)

	Scandal -- Gore-LIEberman 2000 unofficial campaign web site
		But I knew it was a political event and I knew that there were finance people that were going to be present, and so that alone should have told me, ‘This is inappropriate and this is a mistake; don’t do this.’ And I take responsibility for that.
		Otherwise known as the "e-rate," the Gore Tax is a multi-faceted economic nightmare that raises frightening questions of Executive authority and bureaucratic growth.
		After German reunification, she and her partners tried to get in touch with Soviet officials, and after the Soviet Union disbanded, Squillacote contacted a South African Communist Party official.
	crm114.com /algore/scandals.html (5835 words)

	Political Scandals
		Scandal during a presidential administration can cripple a Presidency, just ask President Clinton.
		What became known as the Whiskey Ring Scandal started when Benjamin H. Bristow, Grant`s third secretary of the Treasury, found a group of distillers was falsifying reports.
		In 1921 Secretary of the Interior, a member of the Ohio Gang, was able to gain control of valuable oil fields in Teapot Dome, Wyoming and Elk Hill, California.
	www.socialstudieshelp.com /Lesson_80_Notes.htm (1311 words)

	Germany in Crisis
		The German democracy has largely become a party system and is as such the expression of the crisis of Western democracies.
		Both were involved in the 1980s Flick-affair and had other scandals among their members too.
		It would be to easy to limit the problem of crisis to the political sphere only: politics, economics and society largely interact (but let's leave that for another article).
	www.cosmopolis.ch /english/cosmo3/germany.htm (737 words)

	UPenn-Germanics
		GRMN 354 Sex, Spies, and Videotapes: Political Scandals, Affairs, and Controversies
		GRMN 376 From Bayreuth to Techno: Culture and Culture Politics in Germany
		GRMN 532 Survey of German Literature from the 18th Century to the Present
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /german/course/course_sites.htm (85 words)

	UPenn - Germanics
		Silke Roth studied sociology, political science, history, media studies, and psychology at the Friedrich Wilhelms University Bonn, the Freie Universität Berlin, and received her Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Connecticut.
		Roth has taught introductory sociology at the University of Connecticut and courses on women's political participation and feminist organizations at the department of sociology of the Free University.
		At the University of Pennsylvania she offers courses on sociology of gender, social movements and non-governmental organizations, media and public sphere, and German political culture and cultural politics.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /german/people/faculty_staff/visiting/roth.htm (202 words)

	World Scandals
		LOS ANGELES (Reuters) - Breaking his silence on a scandal that has jolted the Republican Party, U.S. President George W. Bush said on Tuesday he was disgusted by former Republi...
		Brazil's charismatic leader, President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, is on the brink of cementing a remarkable political comeback and securing a second term in office - on...
		The stories are part of the fabric of the French Revolution: a country rose up to challenge the extravagance of the French court, enraged, in part, by claims of Queen M...
	archive.wn.com /2006/10/04/1400/worldscandals (547 words)

	THE RESTIVE ALLIES
		In his open criticism of the war, he is not typical of the conservative side of the German political spectrum.
		Meanwhile, Gregor Gysi, leader of the Party of Democratic Socialism, heir to the former East German communist party, voices opposition within the Bundestag, while outside the parliament left-wing intellectuals are busy building a new anti-war movement based on solid legal, historical and political arguments.
		The German press, although traditionally anti-Serb in its editorials, is perhaps the most thorough of all in its factual reporting, and thereby often neutral and fair.
	www.zmag.org /crisescurevts/restive_allies.htm (931 words)

	Goebbels on the United States (1939)
		Its civilization is shown in economic and political scandals that stink to high heaven.
		It claims that German success is contemptible, since it used methods of hate and contempt.
		The seven million Germans who got jobs after National Socialism took power in Germany are not interested in the methods that gave them jobs.
	www.calvin.edu /academic/cas/gpa/goeb28.htm (1580 words)

	NBC: German soccer riddled by scandal - World News - MSNBC.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		On Friday, a referee in the top division of German soccer, the Bundesliga, denied allegations that he, too, had fixed matches.
		No doubt, this scandal sheds a very bad light on German soccer, but just how great the loss of credibility is among soccer fans is yet to be seen.
		In 1971, the number of spectators decreased considerably after a small scandal in German soccer became public.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/6913687 (875 words)

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