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Topic: German school of swordsmanship

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	Swordsmanship - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There are no surviving manuals or schools dealing with the two-handed claymore, although singlestick is thought to be a sports combat form descended from the use of the later single-handed claymore.
		The German school of swordsmanship is well attested from the 15th century in fechtbuchs ("fighting manuals").
		The German school of swordsmanship declined during the 16th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Swordsmanship (714 words)

	Getting to the Point
		Schools and masters of arms taught weapon and empty-handed arts suitable for use in any situation: mounted or on foot, in armor or unarmored, against one adversary or in a melee.
		One favored weapon was the German langshwert or Italian spada da una mano e mezza, known in English as the longsword or bastard sword.
		The schools of use for these relatively light, single-handed weapons, the Spanish espada ropera (or "dress sword"), and the Italian spada di lato ("side-sword," in the sense of a "sidearm"), were not very much changed from the earlier, more military styles.
	www.historicalfencing.org /Ken's_library/pages/Fencing02.htm (478 words)

	sword - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		The basic intent and physics of swordsmanship remain fairly constant, but the methods of using those physics vary widely from culture to culture.
		Zweihnder - the large and heavy, two-handed German sword of the 16th century.
		On some large weapons, such as the German longsword, the ricasso was covered with leather and might be gripped in one hand to make the weapon more easily wielded in close-quarters combat.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/sword (2303 words)

	Sword - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The basic intent and physics of swordsmanship remain fairly constant, but the actual techniques vary between cultures and periods as a result of the differences in blade design and purpose.
		On some large weapons, such as the German zweihander, a leather cover surrounded the ricasso, and a swordsman might grip it in one hand to make the weapon more easily wielded in close-quarters combat.
		The shinai, a practice sword, is also used in Japan as a spanking implement, more common in prized private extracurricular schools (illustrated in these 1975 and 1977 articles [2] and [3]) than the US school paddling; in fact hundreds of cases of illegal corporal punishment were reported from public schools as well.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Sword (2725 words)

	Schools
		The Stoccata School of Defence is based in Sydney, Australia, and is dedicated to the study of European swordsmanship using replicas of historic weapons, and techniques drawn from manuals of the period.
		The school studies the various fechtbücher of the period, concentrating on Hans Talhoffer's fechtbücher, whose blended sources of Liechtenauer and Ott provides the school with a solid grounding in the German school of fencing.
		The Linacre School of Defence Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, U.K. The LSD (a student society of Linacre College, University of Oxford) was formed in 1999 for the study of European martial arts, concentrating on the art of the sword as it was in Britain during the late 17th and early 18th centuries.
	www.chicagoswordplayguild.com /c/links/schools.asp (2627 words)

	FightingArts.com - Getting to the Point: The European Art of Fencing
		As in Japan, swordsmanship remained an essential part of the education of every gentleman, and the sword was a required dress accessory for certain social classes.
		The Germans followed the Italians in many things, but favored blades with more developed cutting edges, and also kept up the use of older weapons, such as the langshwert.
		Likewise, two-handed sword fighting survived in the French and Italian forms of grand canne, and even as late as the 1930s, an attempt was made to revive the old school of German longsword as part of Adolph Hitler's volkskultur movement.
	www.fightingarts.com /reading/article.php?id=125 (2627 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Sword (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The basic intent and physics of swordsmanship remain fairly constant, but the actual techniques vary among cultures and periods as a result of the differences in blade design and purpose.
		On some large weapons, such as the German ZweihÃ¤nder, a leather cover surrounded the ricasso, and a swordsman might grip it in one hand to wield the weapon more easily in close-quarter combat.
		The shinai, a practice sword, is also used in Japan as a spanking implement, more common in prized private extracurricular schools (illustrated in these 1975 and 1977 articles http://www.corpun.com/jpsc7508.htm & http://www.corpun.com/jpsc7706.htm) than the US school paddling; in fact hundreds of cases of illegal corporal punishment were reported from public schools as well.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Sword (3372 words)

	Departmental Uniforms
		However, the authorized strength of the school kept growing, and as early as 1868 the number of junkers was 150, in 1871—200, and in 1873—300.
		In 1902, in the course of a general reform of junker schools, the YeKYuU was reformed as a military school [voennoe uchilishche], and became the Yelisavetgrad Cavalry School [Yelisavetgradskoe kavaleriiskoe uchilishche, henceforth YeKU].
		(As an aside, a German officer escorted Yekaterina Aleksandrovna and the authorities rendered her every assisstance.) In spite of it being the year 1915 and in the middle of a bloody war, the Russian General Samsonov was given all military honors with the participation of the German war ministry.
	home.comcast.net /~markconrad/YelisKavUch.htm (5009 words)

	Notes on the Incorrect Use of the Word “Sparring” in Western Swordsmanship
		For example, in the Italian schools the term "assalto" was used in the writings of Rosaroll Scorza and Pietro Grisetti (1803).
		However, it was never “anything goes”; in the schools of arms there were codes of rules that were enforced which regulated assaults.
		In a school of arms a student would be taught all of the technical aspects of fencing, covering the weapon, its handling, stance, footwork, cutting, thrusting, attack, defense, counter offence, distance, timing, etc. All of this would be learned by working directly with the master.
	www.martinez-destreza.com /articles/sparring.htm (2169 words)

	Renaissance Swordsmanship - Excerpt
		This was to climax later in the methods of the "cut and thrust sword" and the development of its cousin, the thrusting "rapier" with its unique manner of fence.
		Henry the VII made official a consolidated school of fencing (primarily for sword and buckler) as a legal guild in 1540.
		Historical swordsmanship, whether of the cut and thrust form or the rapier, should never be studied exclusively from the limited perspective of modern sport fencing.
	www.thehaca.com /book/excerpt.htm (3259 words)

	Fiore dei Liberi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		1350s - 1420s) was a medieval master of arms and the earliest master of the Italian school of swordsmanship from whom we have an extant manual.
		Most of what is known of the man comes from the prologues to his book Flos Duellatorum.
		He mentioned in his prologue that he had to fight for his honour several times alone, without friends, trusting only to God and himself and his sword.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fiore_dei_Liberi (380 words)

	RealFighting.com - Ramon Martinez
		Many of these schools were owned and operated by sincere and legitimate martial arts masters, who sought to benefit society by offering their arts and traditions to the general public.
		The weapons studied in classical fencing are the foil (which, though it is a training tool and not a weapon in its own right, for the purposes of this article, I shall consider it a weapon), the dueling sword, and the dueling saber (which should not to be confused with the military saber).
		The reading public that these texts were intended for already had knowledge and experience in the art and science of swordsmanship, and consisted of patrons and students of the master who wrote the work, other professional teachers, and experienced swordsmen.
	www.realfighting.com /0503/rmartinez.html (7803 words)

	Historical martial arts reconstruction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In recent years, with the resurgence of interest in martial arts, schools of fighting long since discontinued have generated enough interest for individuals and organizations to reconstruct them from historical sources.
		Examples of martial arts reconstruction are Pankration and the various historical European schools of fencing.
		The term Historical fencing refers to any fencing system that was in use before the development of the three classical fencing weapons.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Historical_fencing (321 words)

	Paradoxes of Defence, by George Silver (1599)
		Again their swords in schools are too long by almost half a foot to uncross, without going back with the feet, within distance or perfectly to strike or thrust within the half or quarter sword.
		He caused to be fairly drawn and set round about his school all the noblemen's and gentlemen's arms that were his scholars, amd hanging right under their arms their rapiers, daggers, gloves of mail and gauntlets.
		He had within his school, a room the which was called the privy school, with many weapons therein, where he did teach his scholars his secret fight, after he had perfectly taught them their rules.
	www.pbm.com /~lindahl/paradoxes.html (10869 words)

	Stoccata School of Defence
		Volume II of English Swordsmanship: The True Fight of George Silver will buld on the foundation laid in Volume I, covering George Silver's system of combat with all weapons other than the single sword.
		The Stoccata School of Defence is based in Australia, with two schools in Sydney and one in Hobart, and is dedicated to the study of European swordsmanship.
		The school formally opened in 1998, based on teaching and research going back a further twelve years.
	www.stoccata.org (198 words)

	MASHS - Links
		This California based WMA school is dedicated to the study and practice of medieval combat systems with a special focus on Fiore dei Liberi, and the use of the poleaxe.
		Christian Tobler is one of the leading experts in the German school of medieval combat, especially as embodied in the manuscript of Johannes Liechtenauer.
		The Tattershall School of Defense is an active group of practitioners of historic swordsmanship, especially of the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries.
	www.mashs.org /links.shtml (1904 words)

	2003 Swordsmanship Symposium Schedule of Events
		A passionate advocate of the medieval Liechtenauer School, his work in translating and interpreting Sigmund Ringeck's commentary firmly establishes him as an important contributor to the growing community of Western martial artists.
		The fundamental concepts of the French school of small sword will be demonstrated as they were in practice in the second half of the 17th century.
		A primary difference that sets the small sword apart from the rapier which was its predecessor as well as its contemporary, lies in the grip and manipulation of the weapon.
	www.chronique.com /schola/2003_events.htm (3908 words)

	Arms and Armor
		The fighting manual of Johannes Lichtenauer, compiled in the late fourteenth century, gave rise to what is now called the "German school" of swordsmanship.
		The "German" school is a very mobile one, and used techniques that raise the shoulders and twist the body and arms Fechtbuch of Thalhoffer.
		In Lichtenauer's school and most other medieval methods, parrying is considered to be a sign of excessive passiveness, of not taking a strong offensive and determining the rhythm of the fight.
	www.ceu.hu /medstud/manual/SRM/training.htm (1547 words)

	Middle Ages :: Armour
		The weak points of plate armour (compared to chainmail) were the joints, where the plates overlapped, but would expose unprotected gaps in certain stances of the wearer, through which gaps sword and dagger blades could penetrate.
		In the armoured techniques taught in german school of swordsmanship, the attacker concentrates on these cracks, resulting in a fighting style very different from unarmoured sword-fighting.
		Because of that weakness, it was common to wear a shirt of chainmail beneath a plate armour.
	www.themiddleages.net /armor.html (748 words)

	Swordsmanship - Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The UK is presently home to a number of different schools and societies dedicated to researching, practicing and teaching historically accurate European armed combat duelling techniques of various styles from the thirteenth century to the nineteenth century.
		European masters throughout the centuries were pleasantly obliging enough to have their techniques put into print, detailing theories, principles, approaches and techniques of their particular weapons and teaching style: It is directly from these historical treatises that we research and revive these same systems and techniques.
		All societies and schools within the UK practise safe freedom contact duelling with unsharp weapons and safety equipment i.e.
	www.swordsmanship.co.uk /article2.htm (928 words)

	Links
		This Madison, WI, based school was founded by Bob Charron, a man who has set the standard for many serious researchers in the Western Martial Arts world.
		This school is run by Maestro Sean Hayes, a pupil of the venerable Maitre Gaugler, and a teacher of impressive skills and impeccable credentials.
		Windsor’s achievements as a professional teacher are considerable, and his school is flourishing with different branches around the Nordic Countries.
	www.salvatorfabris.com /Links.shtml (749 words)

	Book Reviews
		Founding a school of swordsmanship that would dominate Germany for centuries, he recorded his teachings in cryptic mnemonic verses and swore his students to secrecy.
		The Focus is mainly on Swiss, German, Italian, and English men at arms and knights of the mid to late 1400s (one of the most popular periods for living history reenactment and among the liveliest for martial arts).
		Hergsell only partially translated the medieval german texts which he found in the original manuscript into moderen german but left those parts untouched, which he was not able to translate.
	www.thehaca.com /bookreviews.htm (14357 words)

	myArmoury.com: German Bastard Sword
		The German Bastard Sword is an excellent modern made example of this type.
		In the case of the German Bastard Sword this is a bit of a misnomer.
		This sword is well suited for the types of swordsmanship advocated by the medieval masters of the German school.
	www.myarmoury.com /review_aa_gbs.html (951 words)

	Codex Wallerstein
		Both due to the scarcity of space and on account of the fact that the author works at present on the edition of Codex Wallerstein (Volume 1 should appear at the end of this year), there would be no point in presenting the whole text of the transcription.
		Plate 42 If the adversary binds the swordsman on the left on the sword, the latter is advised to grasp both blades with his left hand and to go with his pommel under his opponent’s sword and to pull backwards in order to take awayhis sword.
		For example, as it was pointed by M. Rector, the manual of Talhoffer was not devised as a 'teach-yourself' handbook–it was rather to fulfil a sort of declaration of his competence, and was destined for men already possessing a certain amount of skills and knowledge, Talhoffer (1467), 9-10.
	ejmas.com /jwma/articles/2001/jwmaart_zabinski_0401.html (4049 words)

	Classical Fencing and Historical Swordsmanship Exposition: Dusack
		In fact, the German school of swordsmanship, Der Ridderliche Kunst ("the knightly art") is the earliest we can document, having been written down as early as the fourteenth century.
		Founded in 1994, the mission of the DDS is to revive and teach forms of historical swordsmanship, from late medieval broadsword technique through the elegant épée du combat of the Nineteenth Century.
		Gareth Hunt has been a member of the Dawn Duellists Society since 1995, achieved full member status in 1996, and is a leading member of the Swordplay Demonstration Team.
	www.martinez-destreza.com /expo/dusack.htm (343 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Secrets of German Medieval Swordsmanship: Sigmund Ringeck's Commentaries on Liechtenauer's Verses: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Founding a school of swordsmanship that would dominate Germany for centuries, he recorded his teachings into cryptic mnemonic verses and swore his students to secrecy.
		In the 15th century, Sigmund Ringeck, a master of the "Liechtenauer school", broke the secrecy and explained the verses in detailed instructions.
		As I progressed through the range of studies, I progressed to German Swordwork, and from this, to the originator of the sword forms, Liechtenauer.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/1891448072 (756 words)

	The School of European Swordsmanship - Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Pete Kautz's school, where range of primarily close-quarters styles are practised.
		Stefan Dieke's school near Cologne, where he teaches Hutton's sabre, and medieval and renaissance German martial arts.
		Stephen Hand's school, studying a range of early styles, including Elizabethan rapier, Silver's backsword, and I.33 sword and buckler.
	www.swordschool.com /en/links.html (442 words)

	Teaching & Interpreting Historical Swordsmanship
		Today we present the first DVD for the study of historical German swordsmanship, a fine production from Agilitas.tv in Germany.
		This is the first of a series of instructional videos examing the German martial arts of the 14th - 16th centuries by Alex Kiermeyer and Hans Heim, two principal instructors from the Ochs, the renowned school of swordsmanship based in Germany.
		Originally produced in German, the dialog and instructions have now been translated into English, NTSC format (the German version is available in PAL as well).
	www.chivalrybookshelf.com /titles/DVDs/Dembach/DVD_ochs1.html (243 words)

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