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Topic: Germanos of Patras

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	WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE - LoveToKnow Article on WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		When, on the 2nd of April 1821, Archbishop Germanos, head of the Hetaeria in the Morea, raised the standard of the cross at Kalavryta as the signal for a general rising of the Christian population, the circumstances were highly favorable.
		The force with Outbreak which Germanos marched from Kalavryta against of the Patras was composed of peasants armed with scythes, insurrec- clubs and slings, among whom the primates exertion.
		In September this was taken by storm; Kolokotrones rode in triumph to the citadel over streets carpeted with the dead; and the crowning triumph of the Cross was celebrated by a cold-blooded massacre of 2000 prisoners of all ages and both sexes.
	63.1911encyclopedia.org /G/GR/GREEK_INDEPENDENCE_WAR_OF.htm (5314 words)

	"PROSKOPOS" - 2nd E.P. of Patras - Patras
		Patras is liberated in October 1828 and surrendered to French General Maizon that united the city with the rest of Greece.
		Patras is the capital of the Achaia county, the third biggest city in Greece and the biggest in the Peloponnese region.
		The church of Saint Andreas, patron saint of Patras, is one of the biggest in the Balcans and lies on the city's south entrance.
	www.proskopos.com /patra_en.html (1283 words)

	Peloponnesos, Greece: Achaia
		Patras, the capital of the region is Greece’s most important sea link with the rest of Europe with ferries sailing to Brindisi, Bari, Ancona, Venice and Trieste in Italy.
		Though Patras is more of a place where travelers go through rather then go to, the upper square of Ypsila Alonia, with its cafes and pine trees, is a popular place for the locals to spend their days and evenings.
		If you are looking for a nice hotel in the Patras area try the Florida Blue Bay which is listed as being in Patras but is actually in the seaside village of Psathopyrgos, fifteen minutes away from the city and is highly recommended by Fantasy Travel.
	www.greecetravel.com /peloponessos/achaia.htm (787 words)

	Achaia Prefecture, Peloponnese, Greece
		Though Patras is more of a place where travelers go "through" rather than "to", the upper square of Ypsila Alonia, with its cafes and pine trees, is a popular place for the locals to spend their days and evenings.
		The mountain village of Kalavryta is where the Revolution of 1821 began, leading to Greece’s independence from the Ottoman Empire when Bishop Germanos of Patras raised the flag of revolution over the monastery of Lavra.
		In December of 1943 the Nazis burned the town and murdered all the males over the age of 15 in an act of reprisal considered to be one of the worst atrocities of the war.
	www.magicaljourneys.com /Peloponnese/peloponnese-discover-achaia.html (721 words)

	Patras Vakasý (Vak'asý)
		Mora vâlisinin, Tepedelenli Ali üzerine asker sevketmesiyle, bölgenin boþalmasý âsîleri harekete geçirdi.Mora’nýn kuzeybatýsýndaki Patras Baþpiskoposu Germanos kumandasýnda toplanan on bin kadar silâhlý Rum, 12 Þubatta isyan ederek þehrin kalesini kuþattýlar.
		Patras Vak’asý hâl edilip, Mora Ýsyâný bastýrýlmasýna raðmen; Fransa, Ýngiltere, Papalýk ve Rusya’nýn Osmanlý Devleti aleyhine çalýþmalarý netîcesinde Avrupa’da ittifak kuruldu.
		Patras Vak’asý netîcesinde âsîlerin isyâný bastýrýlmasýna raðmen; Rumlar, tepkici ve destekçi devletler sâyesinde istiklâl sâhibi oldular.
	www.dallog.com /kavramlar/patras.htm (610 words)

	Greek War of Independence - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		John Capodistria, an official from the Ionian Islands who had become the Russian Foreign Minister, was secured as the leader of the planned revolt.
		On March 25 1821, the Orthodox Metropolitan Germanos of Patras proclaimed the national uprising.
		Simultaneous risings were planned across Greece, including in Macedonia, Crete and Cyprus.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Greek_War_of_Independence (624 words)

	Bishop Germanos and Heidi Klum
		The name of Bishop Germanos is very familiar to every Greek person and most of us have been puzzled in the past about his unusual name.
		Later on, Constantinople and the rest of the Greek half of the Roman Empire was occupied by the Turks.
		When Greece gained her independence, she asked the German Nation, in return, for a legitimate ruler and was given the Bavarian Prince Otto as her first King.
	www.talkaboutpeople.com /group/alt.fan.art-bell/messages/471852.html (571 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ottoman Greece (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		On March 25 (now Greek Independence Day) 1821, the Orthodox Metropolitan Germanos of Patras proclaimed the national uprising.
		The Declaration of the War by Bishop Germanos at St....
		Odessa (Ukrainian: ; Russian:) is a city in the southwestern Ukraine, major port on the Black Sea and the administrative center of countrys Odessa Oblast (province).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ottoman-Greece (5329 words)

	Floor Statements by Congresswoman Pelosi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		On March 25, we celebrate the 176th anniversary of Greek independence.
		It was on this day in 1821 that, as one of the stories goes, Bishop Germanos of Patras declared in St. George's Square `Eleftheria I(ee) Thanatos': Freedom or death.
		The phrase became the battle cry of the Greeks and all who came to their aid in the ensuing revolution to end 400 years of Ottoman rule.
	www.house.gov /pelosi/greekin.htm (372 words)

	Byzantine Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A new form appears, called Calophonic Hirmos, (having a pleasant sound) which is used not only for religious worship, but also for festive purposes, this now clearly showed the new trends in music and the slight drift away from it's traditional use.
		Outstanding personalities of that period, such as Theophanus Karykis (16th C.), Petros Bereketis, the priest Balassios, Bishop Germanos of New Patras (17th C.) and others, are the first great composers of the Neo-Hellenic civilisation as it re-birthed from old Byzantine tradition.
		During the period that followed the Fall of Constantinople, many attempts were made to improve notation and to produce a more precise a system.
	www.australianbyzantinechoir.com /bm.html (1447 words)

	On Independence (NewsAttic.com) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		I Am Free." ~ Nikos Kazantzakis In 1821, Greeks rose up against the oppressive Ottoman Empire which had occupied Greece for nearly four hundred years, embarking on the ultimately successful war of independence.
		Bishop Germanos of Patras boldly raised the Greek flag at the monastery of Agia Lavras, inciting the Peloponnese to rise against the oppressors.
		While the exact date probably was not March 25th, it did occur in late March and it was gradually associated with the religious feast of the Annunciation.
	newsattic.com /d/hl/on_independence.html (83 words)

	Ely Times- Greece's freedom was won by courage, sacrifice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Because of the importance of the Annunciation of the Theotokos to the people, in 1821, Bishop Germanos of Patras picked March 25 to rally the klephts -- freedom fighters -- to a final revolt.
		The fighting continued until 1829 when Sultan Mahmud II accepted Greek independence with the Treaty of Andrianople, under the threat of Russian cannon poised at the gates of Istanbul.
		Two years into the revolution, at the age of 52, he was named admiral of the Greek fleet, defeating the Turkish navy at Patra and the Turko-Egyptian navy near Geronda.
	www.elynews.com /archive/2005/03/25/Lifestyles/319101.html (537 words)

	Greece-Cafe
		On this day in the Orthodox calendar, the Archangel Gabriel appeared to the maiden Mary and announced the news: she was pregnant with the Divine Child.
		Bishop Germanos chose this day to deliver a different but not unrelated message: a new spirit was about to be born in Greece.
		The churches celebrate the Festival of the Annunciation with pomp, ceremony, and joy.
	au.msnusers.com /GreeceCafe/teas.msnw (1361 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Justin II
		Khusro was moved, and allowed Sophia to buy a first a one-year and then a three-year truce, which, however, excluded Armenia.
		It provided a breathing space used to build up the army, spending money lavishly, and Tiberius put it under the command of Justinian, the son of Germanos and brother of the Justin who had been Justin II's rival.
		In 805, Patras was refounded by the emperor Nicephorus I, who is credited with the Byzantine recovery in the Peloponnesus.
	www.roman-emperors.org /justinii.htm (7552 words)

	National Greek Parade - March 2002 - New York City (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Bishop Germanos of Patras as he raises the Greek flag.
		The legend says that on March 21, 1821 Bishop Germanos of Patras hoisted the Greek flag at the monastery of Agia Lavra in the Peloponnese, an act of defiance that marked the beginning of the War of Independence.
		Fighting broke out throughout the Peloponnese, with fearless Maniot freedom fighters, led by Petrobey Mavromichaelis, governor of the Mani, laying siege to the most strategic Turkish garrisons and razing the homes of thousands of Turks.
	www.greekparade.org /history.asp (786 words)

	Monastery of Aghia Lavra - Peloponessus
		In 1821, Germanos, Bishop of Patras, raised the standard that signalled the beginning of the Revolution.
		In the Monastery are preserved the standard of Revolution, the vestments of Germanos, documents, books, icons, the Gospel of Czarin Katherine II of Russia, sacred vessels, crosses, etc. Also the Holy relics of St Alexios, given by Byzantine emperor Manuel Palaeologus in 1398, are preserved in the Monastery.
		Pieces of embroidery, made with gold or silver threads woven in pure silk materials in Smyrna and Constantinople, are also possesions of the Monastery and they date from 16th century.
	members.fortunecity.com /fstav1/mones/aglavra.html (197 words)

	Hotels in Greece - Festivals and events
		This celebrates Greece's victory in the war of Independence against the Turks who had occupied the country for 400 years.
		The 25th of March was actually the day Bishop Germanos of Patras raised the flag of national rebellion at the monastery of Agia Lavra in the northern Peleponisos.
		This is associated with a good start for the new year.
	www.hotel-greece.com /events.htm (406 words)

	Scandals and Orthodoxy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		There is a sudden push for a complete separation of Church and State by some anti-clerical elements in Greece.
		It should be remembered that the Greek War of Independence began with the standard of revolt by Archbishop Germanos of Patras in 1821.
		The Archbishop and the Metropolitan have been recognized as righteous gentiles in the state of Israel. There is a sudden push for a complete separation of Church and State by some anti-clerical elements in Greece.
	www.talkaboutreligion.com /group/alt.religion.christian.east-orthodox/messages/281851.html (1511 words)

	Fair celebrates Greek independence - University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		March 25 is considered the Annunciation of the Theotokos - it's the day the archangel Gabriel told the virgin Mary she would have a child.
		On that day, the Greek Bishop Germanos of Patras raised a revolutionary banner as an act of defiance against the Ottoman Empire, which had occupied Greece for 400 years.
		This act is considered the catalyst for the War of Independence, the pamphlet said.
	www.dailytargum.com /news/2005/03/28/University/Fair-Celebrates.Greek.Independence-903801.shtml (625 words)

	GREEK INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF - Online Information article about GREEK INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF
		The force with Outbreak which Germanos marched from Kalavryta against of the See also:
		Patras was composed of peasants armed with scythes, insurrec- clubs and slings, among whom the " See also:
		blockade Patras and watch the coasts of See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /GRA_GUI/GREEK_INDEPENDENCE_WAR_OF.html (5507 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Greece
		In 1821, at the beginning of the movement, when Alexander Hypsilanti was making his absurd attempt to rouse the Vlachs, Gregory V of Constantinople, forced by the Turkish government, denounced the "Hetairia Philike" and excommunicated the rebels.
		But the Metropolitan of Patras, Germanos, the Archimandrite Dikaios (Pappa Phlesas), and other leading ecclesiastical persons openly took the side of the Greeks, helped them with their counsels, and in many cases even joined in the fighting.
		So also did his successor, Germanos IV, refuse to notice the declaration of their independence that he received from his former subjects in 1844.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06735a.htm (10885 words)

	Forum 71813
		Bishop Germanos of Patras called the populace to arms by raising his cross.
		On hearing that a crowd of people from the mountains was approaching, they withdrew to the city castle to defend themselves.
		Even before Bishop Germanos and the insurgents arrived in the city, Muslims and Greeks had begun killing each other in the streets.
	www.network54.com /Forum/thread?forumid=71813&messageid=971772950&lp=971863410 (6427 words)

	ERP History
		Paradoxically, the Greeks, for whom--more than anyone--the patriarchate represented a hope for the future, were the first to organize an independent church in their new state.
		In 1821 the Greek revolution against the Turks was officially proclaimed by the metropolitan of Old Patras, Germanos.
		The patriarchate, being the official Turkish-sponsored organ for the administration of the Christians, issued statements condemning and even anathematizing the revolutionaries.
	www.kosovo.com /history6.html (1513 words)

	HOW THE TURKS OF THE PELOPONNESEWERE EXTERMINATED (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Greek rebellion began as follows: the Metropolitan of Patras, Germanos, who was enrolled as a member of the Philiki Eteria in 1819, weary about the invitation he had received to proceed to Tripolitsa, set out and arrived at the monastery of Ayia {Saint) Lavra, near the mountain town of Kalavrita.
		When the Metropolitan began to return to Patras, together with the other bishops, they were accompanied by an ever-growing rabble of people armed with scythes, clubs and slings.
		During this period the Russian consulate at Patras handled the correspondence of the Eteria for the agents of the society in the Peloponnese, and served as their liaison with the Russians.
	www.greekmurderers.net /rebel02.html (4158 words)

	G R E E C E
		Thessaloníki, with a population of 383,967, is an important textile centre, and Pátrai (Patras), on the northern part of the Pelopónnisos, is a major seaport, with 152,570 inhabitants.
		During the abortive attempt by Ypsilanti, a general uprising occurred in the Pelopónnisos under the leadership of Germanos, Archbishop of Patras.
		War of Independence In the first phase (1821-1824) of the war for Greek War of Independence, the Greeks fought virtually alone, aided only by money and volunteers from other European countries, where the Greek cause had aroused a great deal of sympathy.
	www.1001medrecipes.com /mGREECE.htm (13450 words)

	Bishop Germanos and Heidi Klum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Bishop Germanos of Patras raised the revolutionary standard on March 25·
		The name of Bishop Germanos is very familiar to every Greek person and
		"Germanos” means “German” in Greek and is a very unusual name‚ even for a
	www.carstalk.net /viewtopic-237694.html (525 words)

	Greek Independence Day
		This is the day that the Archangel Gabriel announced to Mary that she would bear a child.
		Bishop Germanos of Patras seized the opportunity by raising the banner of revolution, in an act of defiance against the Turks and marked the beginning of the War of Independence.
		Cries of Zito H Ellas and Eleftheria H Thanatos can still be heard today.
	www.helleniccomserve.com /greekindependence.html (482 words)

	Phase One of the Struggle
		Shortly after Ipsilantis crossed the Prutische (Prut) River from Russian Moldavia into Ottoman territory in March 1821, the uprising spread throughout much of the peninsula.
		A second front opened within weeks, when Bishop Germanos of Patras raised the flag of revolution at a monastery in the Peloponnesus.
		The rapid defeat of Ipsilantis in the summer of 1821 shifted the war permanently to the south.
	www.gogreece.com /learn/history/Phase_I.html (580 words)

	Patras from LiveJournal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Salutatorian, Class of '84, School of Engineering, University of Patras, Greece Machinery.
		After Christmas in Patras, we traveled to Myceanae and then back to Athens.
		Also helps finding: atras ptras paras patas patrs patra oatras latras pptras pqtras pwtras pstras Patras
	www.ljseek.com /search/Patras (446 words)

	Monasticism in the Orthodox Church
		The monks thus prevented the Christian nations under Turkish occupation from being assimilated to them, and thereby became the natural leaders of national ("ethnic") resistance against the oppressors.
		It is no accident that the Greek Revolution started in 1821 at a monastery in the Peloponnesos, Aghia Lavra, with Metropolitan Germanos of Old Patras raising the banner of revolution and blessing the arms of the Greek freedom fighters.
		The Monastic Community of the Holy Mount Athos.
	www.goarch.org /en/ourfaith/articles/article7103.asp (3122 words)

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