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Topic: Getulio Vargas

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	GETULIO VARGAS AND THE ESTADO NOVO IN BRAZIL
		GETULIO VARGAS AND THE ESTADO NOVO IN BRAZIL
		Getulio Vargas was born in 1882 in the southern-most state of Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, a state of cattle ranching and gauchos.
		Vargas was one of the leaders of this army.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/vargas.htm (2362 words)

	Getúlio Vargas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Vargas would develop in response a sort of legal hybrid between the regimes of Mussolini's Italy and Salazar's Portuguese Estado Novo, copied repressive fascist tactics, and conveyed their same rejection of liberal capitalism, but attained power bearing few indications of his future quasi-fascist polices.
		Vargas forced the Brazilian Congress to respond to the growth of the Aliança Nacional Libertadora (ANL), a leftist collation led by the Communist Party and Luís Carlos Prestes.
		Getúlio Dornelles Vargas is interred in the Cemitério São João Batista in São Borja.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Getulio_Vargas (2289 words)

	Luís Carlos Prestes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Getulio Vargas, then Brazil's anti-Communist president, would thus look to a form of authoritarianism that could suppress his enemies on the left, led by Prestes, through violence and state terror to survive with his coalition intact during the agitated years unfolding after 1934.
		Thus, Vargas, now allied with the all agrarian oligarchies, with an established network of economic and political power, and the Integralists (a fascist movement with a mass, popular support-base in urban Brazil), forced the Brazilian Congress to respond to the growth of the Communist movement.
		Vargas, seeking to co-opt Brazil's fascist movement/paramilitary known as Integralism, led by fascist thug Plínio Salgado, tolerated a tide of anti-Semitism, and might have targeted Prestes' wife to appease his new supporters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Luis_Carlos_Prestes (866 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Vargas' Liberal Alliance drew support from wide ranges of Brazil's burgeoning urban middle class, who had grown frustrated to some extent with the poltics of coronelismo and café com leite.
		Vargas would develop in response a sort of legal hybrid between the regimes of Mussolini's Italy and Salazar's Portuguese Estado Nôvo, copied repressive fascist tactics, and conveyed their same rejection of liberal capitalism, but attained power baring few indications of his future quasi-fascist polices.
		Under the Estado Nôvo, Vargas abolished opposition political parties, imposed rigid censorship, established a centralized police force, and filled prisons with political dissidents, while evoking a sense of nationalism that transcended class and bound the masses to the state.
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/g/ge/getulio_dornelles_vargas.html (2101 words)

	Getúlio Dornelles Vargas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Vargas was a wealthy pro-industrial nationalist and anti-communist who favored capitalist development and liberal reforms, but actually posed little serious threat to the elite paulista gentry.
		One example of his alleged anti-Semitism was the deportation of the pregnant, Jewish wife of Luís Carlos Prestes to Nazi Germany, where she would die in a concentration camp.
		Getúlio Dornelles Vargas is interred in the Cemitério São João Batista in Rio de Janeiro.
	northmiami.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Get%FAlio_Dornelles_Vargas (2248 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search View - Getulio Vargas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Vargas was born on April 19, 1883, in São Borja and attended law school in Porto Alegre, graduating in 1907.
		Vargas served in the state legislature of Rio Grande do Sul (1909-1912) but was barred from public office for criticizing the party boss; he was returned to the legislature in 1917.
		Vargas presided over a shifting of power from the states to the central government and from landowners to middle- and lower-class urban residents.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761564675__1/Getulio_Vargas.html (354 words)

	About Brazil - The Era of Getúlio Vargas
		Vargas was a member of the gaucho-landed oligarchy and had risen through the system of patronage and clientelism, but he had a fresh vision of how Brazilian politics could be shaped to support national development.
		The Vargas years had their greatest impact on national politics and economics and their least impact at the local level where the older forms of power continued well into the 1950s.
		As a candidate for president in the 1950 elections, Vargas advocated accelerating industrialization and expanding social legislation, and he was rewarded with a sizeable 49 percent of the vote.
	www.floridabrasil.com /brazil/about-brazil-era-getulio-vargas.htm (1758 words)

	Historical Text Archive: Articles: Vargas, Getulio: Dictator or President? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Getulio Vargas?s father was a rancher and a political boss who had been an honorary general during the Paraguayan War and had remained loyal to the state chieftain in the 1890?s.
		Vargas was bright and loyal and quickly progressed to the state assembly, to its presidency, to the federal Chamber of Deputies in 1922, and by 1926 he was finance minister in the Washington Luís' government.
		Vargas was not a "sentimentalist"; he sacrificed anyone and even" state autonomy" when they got in the way of his career plans.
	historicaltextarchive.com /sections.php?op=viewarticle&artid=428 (3059 words)

	Getulio Vargas biography - Brazilian dictator and President
		Noticing that the industrialization was changing the labor relationships in the country, Vargas instituted the minimum wage in Brazil and passed a labor legislation which is enforced until today.
		According to the Constitution of 1937, Vargas was due to promote elections in 1943, but, alleging uncertainties brought by the war, he decided to stay until 1944; in 1944, again he refused to leave.
		In 1946, Getulio Vargas was elected to Senate; in 1950, Vargas, by popular votation, was reconducted to the Presidency of Republic.
	www.v-brazil.com /culture/historic-characters/getulio-vargas.html (1219 words)

	The getulio vargas administration in brazil
		Getulio Vargas was placed in power by the military in November of 1930.
		Vargas saw that Brazil’s many problems stemmed from the fact that Brazil was really a loose confederation of twenty states.
		The Vargas administration was being attacked on all sides, the strongest of which came from the Communist party.
	mn.essortment.com /getuliovargasb_rmox.htm (1019 words)

	Getúlio Dornelles Vargas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A populist governor of Rio Grande do Sul and the former presidential candidate of the Liberal Alliance, whom Prestes 'defeated' in a disputed election earlier that year, Vargas was a wealthy pro-industrial nationalist and anti-communist who favored capitalist development and liberal reforms, but actually posed little serious threat to the elite paulista gentry.
		Vargas' Liberal Alliance drew support from wide ranges of Brazil's burgeoning urban middle class and a group of tenentes, who had grown frustrated to some extent with the politics of coronelismo and café com leite.
		The fascist “Estado Nôvo” dictatorship, modeled after Salazar fascist “Estado Nôvo” in Brazil's mother country, finally materialized in 1937, when Vargas was forced to step down as president by January 1938 because his own 1934 constitution prohibited the president from succeeding himself.
	www.peacelink.de /index.php?title=Getulio_Vargas&redirect=no (2159 words)

	President Getúlio Vargas - In English
		In 1943, Vargas released the CLT — Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho [Consolidation of Labor Laws], which guaranteed that an employee could not be fired after he or she had been working for the same company for 10 years.
		Vargas created Social Welfare and, in 1932, he implemented the Carteira Profissional — a book which records the details of a person’s professional life— for employed minors under 16 years of age.
		In other words, Vargas intended to have control over the workers’ movement in the same fashion as Mussolini did through his ‘Carta del Lavoro.’ By favoring laborers, Vargas intended to gain the people’s support, have control over the worker, and nullify leftist influences.
	www.culturabrasil.pro.br /vargaseng.htm (1374 words)

	GETULIO VARGAS
		Getulio ainda tentou uma reunião especial do Ministerio, na madrugada de 23 para 24 de agosto, porem chegou a noticia de que os oficiais mostravam-se irreduzíveis e exigiam a sua renúncia.
		Supported by the "Aliança Liberal", Getulio was candidate to the Presidency of the Republic, being defeated in the 1930's elections by Julio Prestes, the government candidate.
		Getulio would pursue in the end of his term a nationalist policy turned to the country's natural resources, to a lesser foreigner dependency and, within this scope he founded the PETROBRAS (Brazilian oil).
	psg.com /~walter/getulio.html (1220 words)

	John Edwin Fagg - Latin America: A General History, 726-744
		Vargas planned to restore Catholicism to the role of partner to the state, as it had been under the monarchy, though he was cautious about saying so.
		Officially, Vargas was a staunch advocate of economic nationalism, as testified by tariff barriers, requirements that alien concerns hire Brazilians, and speeches against "capitalist imperialists." In fact, foreign mone�äy and enterprises poured into the country and found their way smoothed by the government.
		Getulio Vargas could no more grasp the miracle that made Brazil what she was than could others.
	ghs.gresham.k12.or.us /socialstudies/weberwel/Fagg-V6.htm (9412 words)

	Chapter 6. Government Instability (1930-present)
		The main aim of the victorious revolutionary movement headed by Getúlio Vargas was the reform of an electoral and political system which, in the absence of strong national parties, had led to the practice of electing presidents supported by the governors of the leading states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais.
		Vargas had come to reap some of the rewards of his progressive measures in the fields of social welfare and trade union legislation.
		Vargas received the news calmly, went into his bedroom in the Palacio de Catete in Rio and shot himself in the heart.
	members.aol.com /plcooney/brhprsnt.html (3034 words)

	GETULIO VARGAS AND THE ESTADO NOVO IN BRAZIL
		Getulio Vargas' term of office from his election in 1933 was due to end in 1937.
		A delegation representing a group of military figures confronted Vargas in October of 1945 and told him that he would have to relinquish power and would not be allowed to run for the presidency himself.
		A factor that contributed to Vargas' depression was a realization that the Eisenhower Administration in the U.S. was not going to fulfill the promise of economic aid to Brazil made by the Roosevelt and Truman Administrations.
	www2.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/vargas.htm (2362 words)

	Getuilo Vargas: 1930-1954
		Getúlio Dornelles Vargas rose to become dictator in Brazil during the 1930's, and remained a figure in Brazilian politics until his death in 1954.
		Upon becoming president of Brazil, Vargas “eliminated constitutional checks on the executive power, deprived the once-dominant state parties of any legitimate public function, and gained control over political activities at all levels in the nation.” [2] State power was diminished, while central government power grew.
		While President of Brazil, Vargas was concerned “with the urban middle class, with industrialists, white-collar workers, the military, and the growing working class.” [4] Large industrial projects were started, including electric and steel manufacturing.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/Americas/VargasBrazil.CP.html (696 words)

	FUNDAÇÃO GETULIO VARGAS, ESCOLA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECONOMIA (EPGE-FGV), Rio de ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		FUNDAÇÃO GETULIO VARGAS, ESCOLA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECONOMIA (EPGE-FGV), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
		The Graduate School of Economics (EPGE-FGV), Brazil's leading Economics Department according to the ranking issued in 2004 by the Brazilian Ministry of Education, is offering full-time tenure-track positions at the level of assistant professor.
		CONTACT: Humberto Moreira, head of the search committee (e-mail: humberto@fgv.br), Escola de Pós-Graduação em Economia, Fundação Getulio Vargas, Praia de Botafogo 190, 11º andar, zip code: 22250-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
	www.aeaweb.org /joe/0610d/html/joe251.html (163 words)

	BRAZZIL - News from Brazil - GETULIO VARGAS DIARY - JANUARY 96
		Celina Vargas do Amaral Peixoto, a social scientist who is the granddaughter of Getúlio and the daughter of Alzira, was the one who decided to publish the material.
		Just published by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation on a co-edition basis with Siciliano Publishers, this two-volume book, richly illustrated with photographs and containing over 1,200 pages, is an essential contribution to the understanding of Brazilian history in the 20th century.
		Getúlio Vargas: Diário contributes in a remarkable way to the reconstruction of a period, as a testimony to the power both of ideas and of personality in movements of the past.
	www.brazil-brasil.com /p23jan96.htm (882 words)

	Getulio, da historia para a vida, review de livro de Paulo Brandi sobre Getulio Vargas (Simon Schwartzman, 1983).
		Getulio, da historia para a vida, review de livro de Paulo Brandi sobre Getulio Vargas (Simon Schwartzman, 1983).
		A carta-testamento de Getúlio Vargas, transcrita integralmente ao final do livro, tinha, como sabemos, o objetivo de garantir que o caudilho gaúcho pudesse de fato, ao deixar a vida, entrar na história.
		A pessoa de Getúlio Vargas não sofre nenhuma tentativa de análise mais personalizada, moral ou psicológica (algo que talvez ainda merecesse ser feito), mas a descrição concreta de sua ação política mostra bem suas qualidades e defeitos, que certamente irão variar conforme as preferências de cada leitor.
	www.schwartzman.org.br /simon/getulio.htm (702 words)

	EIAL XII1 - Under the Long Shadow of Getúlio Vargas
		According to the pamphlet, first lady Darcy Vargas was saddened by the sight of these abandoned children living on makeshift cardboard bedding on the streets of the warehouse district, and organized the Casa to provide the children with a home, adult guidance, and an education in vocational skills and the norms of order and discipline.
		I was beginning dissertation research on the construction of national identity through education during Brazil's Vargas era (1930-1945), and the pamphlet opened the possibility of looking at another type of institution involved in youth socialization aside from public schools.
		During the Vargas era, a modern and technical teacher corps was a white and mostly upper-class teacher corps.
	www.tau.ac.il /eial/XII_1/davila.html (5768 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Vargas' ideology was nonexistent, and his only methodology involved compromise.
		The primary subject of trade was military equipment and arms, which, in 1937, "Vargas suggested all forms of military and naval cooperation, including construction of a naval base in a Brazilian port for American use." In 1937 the American government was not willing to venture that far into relations with Brazil.
		An initial purchase of $55,000,000 was placed with Germany for "artillery pieces and accessories" in March of 1938, "with future interests under consideration." The American fear was that German military officials and advisors would follow the equipment.
	history.acusd.edu /gen/st/~johnw/EarlyRelations.htm (704 words)

	Brazil: In Search of Greatness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Vargas increased state intervention; built a patronage network; brought new social groups into national politics
		1945: Vargas was forced to resign by the army.
		The armed forces issued an ultimatum to Vargas after a gunman, hired by his bodyguard, shot a journalist of the opposition
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~caguirre/382sept_6.html (690 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 97011309 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Vargas ignored individual rights, working for state-regulated citizenship without disharmony, without the right to dissent.
		Vargas devoted as much effort to manipulating workers as he did to benefiting them.
		Brazil's distribution of income remained among the least equable in the world, but Vargas did not perceive this as a problem that needed to be solved.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/description/cam028/97011309.html (254 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Americas \| Brazil marks death of key leader
		Brazil is marking the 50th anniversary of the death of its most influential president, Getulio Vargas.
		Mr Vargas, who held power over three decades from the 1930s, is remembered for ground-breaking social policies.
		There were brief tributes to Mr Vargas in Brazil's parliament and a statue was unveiled in Rio de Janeiro.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/americas/3596138.stm (217 words)

	Encyclopedia: Getulio Vargas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (April 19, 1883 - August 24, 1954) was the president of Brazil from 1930 to 1945 and from 1950 to his suicide in 1954.
		The fascist “Estado Novo” dictatorship, modeled after Salazar fascist “Estado Novo” in Brazil's mother country, finally materialized in 1937, when Vargas was forced to step down as president by January 1938 because his own 1934 constitution prohibited the president from succeeding himself.
		Click for other authoritative sources for this topic (summarised at Factbites.com).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Getulio-Vargas (2216 words)

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